• Print
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk factors
Fixed Behavioural Biomedical
Family history and genetics Tobacco smoking  Diabetes
Increasing age Physical inactivity High blood pressure
Previous kidney disease or injury Poor nutrition Cardiovascular disease
Low birth weight Overweight and obesity
Male sex Systematic kidney inflammation

Diabetes and high blood pressure are some of the most common causes of end-stage kidney disease.

Progression of CKD can often be slowed or stopped by controlling modifiable risk factors and by improving disease treatment and management.

In this section