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Australian and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry (ANZDATA)
ANZDATA collects information on virtually all people who develop end-stage kidney disease and are treated with dialysis or kidney transplantation in Australia and New Zealand.
BMI
Body mass index (BMI) is calculated by dividing a person's weight in kilograms by the square of their height in metres. The standard classification of BMI recommended by the World Health Organization for adults is based on the association between BMI and illness and mortality, and is as follows:
  • underweight: BMI < 18.5
  • healthy weight: BMI ≥ 18.5 and BMI < 25
  • overweight but not obese: BMI ≥ 25 and BMI < 30
  • obese BMI ≥ 30.
Dialysis
An artificial method of removing waste products and water from the blood as well as regulating levels of circulating chemicals. There are two main forms of dialysis: haemodialysis, which occurs outside the body via a machine; and peritoneal dialysis, which occurs inside the patient's body via the lining of the abdominal cavity.
ESKD
End-stage kidney disease.
Estimated
The AIHW has developed a method of estimating the total number of new cases of end-stage kidney disease in Australia which includes those that start dialysis or have a kidney transplant and are registered with ANZDATA, and those who die with ESKD without receiving these treatments. Data linkage is used to ensure those that are treated with dialysis or transplant who die during the study period are only counted once.
Glomerular filtration rate
The amount of blood the kidneys can clear of waste products in 1 minute. Usually estimated (eGFR) using age, gender, and creatinine levels in the blood.
High blood pressure
The definition of high blood pressure (also known as hypertension) can vary, but the World Health Organization defines it as a systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg or more or a diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg or more, or [the person is] receiving medication for high blood pressure.
High cholesterol
cholesterol is a fatty substance produced by the liver and carried by the blood to the rest of the body. Its natural function is to provide material for cell walls and for steroid hormones. If levels in the blood are too high, this can lead to an artery-clogging process known as atherosclerosis that can trigger heart attacks, angina or stroke. In general, a total cholesterol level of 5.5 mmol/L or more is considered high.
Impaired glucose regulation
Impaired glucose regulation is the metabolic state between normal glucose regulation and diabetes. There are two categories of impaired glucose regulation: impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). IFG and IGT are not considered to be clinical entities in their own right but rather risk factors for diabetes.
Inadequate fruit intake
Inadequate fruit intake is defined as less than two serves of fruit per day for adults and less than three serves a day for children and adolescents aged 15–18 years.
Inadequate vegetable intake
Inadequate vegetable intake is defined as less than five serves of vegetables per day for adults and less than four serves a day for children and adolescents aged 15–18 years.
Measured
The best way to estimate the prevalence of CKD is through surveys in which blood and urine are taken for measurement. Unfortunately no national surveys exist which include an adequate sample of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.
Other Australians
This population group contains those identifying as non-Indigenous and those whose Indigenous status was 'not stated' or was inadequately described.
Physical inactivity
'Sedentary' or 'low' levels of exercise from the National Health Survey have been used to indicate whether people are physically inactive.
Risk factor
Any factor which increases the likelihood of a person developing a health disorder or condition.
Socioeconomic status
From information collected in the Census of Population and Housing, the Australian Bureau of Statistic (ABS) has developed the Socio-economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFAs) to allow ranking of regions/areas to provide a method of determining the level of social and economic wellbeing in that region. The Index of Relative Socio-economic Advantage\Disadvantage, is a continuum of advantage (high values) to disadvantage (low values) that takes into account variables like the proportion of families with high incomes, people with a tertiary education, and employees in skilled occupations. For more information, see the ABS Information Paper: Census of Population and Housing - Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA), 2006 (cat. no. 2039.0).