Appendix E: Chapter 3 detailed tables and confidence intervals
Content
Table E1: Impact of psychological distress by psychological distress, Indigenous persons 
aged 18 years  and over, 2004–05
Table E2: Positive wellbeing by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over,  2004–05
Table E3: Anger by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E4: Life stressors by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and 
over, 2004–05
Table E5: Whether reported mental illness as stressor by psychological distress, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E6: Discrimination by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and 
over, 2004–05
Table E7: Cultural identification by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E9: Self assessed health status by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E10: Number of long-term health conditions by psychological distress, Indigenous 
persons aged  18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E11: Long-term mental health condition by psychological distress, Indigenous 
persons aged  18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E12: Alcohol consumption by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E13: Financial stress by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over, 2004–05
Table E14: Labour force status by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over,  2004–05
Table E15: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional by number of days 
unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings, Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E16: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of 
feelings by number  of visits to doctor or other health professional about 
feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E17: Psychological distress by number of days unable to work or carry out normal 
activities  because of feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E18: Psychological distress by number of visits to doctor or other health professional 
about feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E19: Positive wellbeing by number of days unable to work or carry out normal 
activities because  of feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E20: Positive wellbeing by number of visits to doctor or other health professional 
about feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E21: Anger by number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because
of feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E22: Anger by number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings,  Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E23: Life stressors by number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities 
because of feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E24: Life stressors by number of visits to doctor or other health professional about 
feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E25: Discrimination by number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities
because of feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E26: Discrimination by number of visits to doctor or other health professional about 
feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E27: Cultural identification by number of days unable to work or carry out normal 
activities because of feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over,
2004–05
Table E28: Cultural identification by number of visits to doctor or other health professional 
about feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E29: Removal from family by number of days unable to work or carry out normal 
activities because of feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E30: Removal from family by number of visits to doctor or other health professional 
about feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E31: Self-assessed health status by number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E32: Self-assessed health status by number of visits to doctor or other health 
professional about feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E33: Number of long-term health conditions by number of days unable to work or 
carry out normal activities, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E34: Number of long-term health conditions by number of visits to doctor or other 
health professional about feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E35: Long-term mental health condition by number of days unable to work or carry 
out normal activities because of feelings of distress, Indigenous persons aged 18 
years and over, 2004–05
Table E36: Long-term mental health condition by number of visits to doctor or other 
health professional about feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E37: Alcohol consumption by number of days unable to work or carry out normal 
activities because of feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E38: Alcohol consumption by number of visits to doctor or other health professional 
about feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E39: Financial stress by number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities 
because of feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E40: Financial stress by whether saw a doctor or other health professional about 
feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E41: Labour force status by number of days unable to work or carry out normal 
activities,  Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E42: Labour force status by number of visits to doctor or other health professional 
about feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E43: Psychological distress by how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons 
aged  18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E44: Psychological distress by how often been a happy person, Indigenous persons 
aged  18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E45: Psychological distress by how often felt full of life, Indigenous persons aged 18 
years  and over, 2004–05
Table E46: Psychological distress by how often had a lot of energy, Indigenous persons 
aged 18 years  and over, 2004–05
Table E47: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of 
feelings by  how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E48: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings 
by  how often been a happy person, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E49: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings 
by  how often felt full of life, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E50: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings 
by  how often had a lot of energy, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E51: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by how 
often  felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E52: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by how 
often  been a happy person, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E53: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by how 
often felt  full of life, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E54: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by how 
often  had a lot of energy, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E55: Anger by how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over,  2004–05
Table E55 (continued): Anger by how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons 
aged 18 years  and over, 2004–05
Table E56: Anger by how often been a happy person, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over,  2004–05
Table E56 (continued): Anger by how often been a happy person, Indigenous persons 
aged 18 years  and over, 2004–05
Table E57: Anger by how often felt full of life, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E59: Life stressors by how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E60: Stressors by how often been a happy person, Indigenous persons aged 18 years
and over,  2004–05
Table E61: Life stressors by how often felt full of life, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over,  2004–05
Table E62: Stressors by how often had a lot of energy, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over,  2004–05
Table E63: Discrimination by how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E64: Discrimination by how often been a happy person, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years  and over, 2004–05
Table E65: Discrimination by how often felt full of life, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over,  2004–05
Table E66: Discrimination by how often had a lot of energy, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over,  2004–05
Table E67: Cultural identification by how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons 
aged  18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E68: Cultural identity by how often been a happy person, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years  and over, 2004–05
Table E69: Cultural identity by how often felt full of life, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over, 2004–05
Table E70: Cultural identity by how often had a lot of energy, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E71: Removal from family by how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons 
aged  18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E72: Removal from family by how often been a happy person, Indigenous persons 
aged  18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E73: Removal from family by how often felt full of life, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E74: Removal from family by how often had a lot of energy, Indigenous persons 
aged  18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E75: Self-assessed health status by how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E76: Self-assessed health status by how often been a happy person, Indigenous 
persons aged  18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E77: Self-assessed health status by how often felt full of life, Indigenous persons 
aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E78: Self-assessed health status by how often had a lot of energy, Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E79: Number of long-term health conditions by how often felt calm and peaceful,  
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E80: Number of long-term health conditions by how often been a happy person,  
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E81: Number of long-term health conditions by how often felt full of life, Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E82: Number of long-term health conditions by how often had a lot of energy,  
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E83: Long-term mental health condition by how often felt calm and peaceful,  
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E84: Long-term mental health conditions by how often been a happy person, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E85: Long-term mental health conditions by how often felt full of life, Indigenous 
persons aged  18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E86: Long-term mental health conditions by how often had a lot of energy, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E87: Alcohol consumption by how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons 
aged  18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E88: Alcohol consumption by how often been a happy person, Indigenous persons 
aged  18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E89: Alcohol consumption by how often felt full of life, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years  and over, 2004–05
Table E90: Alcohol consumption by how often had a lot of energy, Indigenous persons 
aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E91: Financial stress by how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years  and over, 2004–05
Table E92: Financial stress by how often been a happy person, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E93: Financial stress by how often felt full of life, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over, 2004–05
Table E94: Financial stress by how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E95: Labour force status by how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons 
aged  18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E96: Labour force status by how often been a happy person, Indigenous persons 
aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E97: Labour force status by how often felt full of life, Indigenous persons aged 18 
years  and over, 2004–05
Table E98: Labour force status by how often had a lot of energy, Indigenous persons 
aged 18 years  and over, 2004–05
Table E99: Psychological distress by how often felt easily annoyed or irritated,  Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E100: Psychological distress by how often had violent thoughts, Indigenous persons
 aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E101: Psychological distress by how often wanted to break or smash things, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E102: Psychological distress by how often got into arguments, Indigenous persons 
aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E103: Psychological distress by how often shouting or throwing things,  Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E104: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of 
feelings by how often felt annoyed or irritated, Indigenous persons aged 18 
years and over, 2004–05
Table E105: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of 
feelings by how often had violent thoughts, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over, 2004–05
Table E106: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of 
feelings by how often wanted to break or smash things, Indigenous persons 
aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E107: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of 
feelings by how often got into a lot of arguments, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years  and over, 2004–05
Table E108: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of 
feelings by how often shouting or throwing things, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years  and over, 2004–05
Table E109: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by how 
often felt easily annoyed or irritated, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E110: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by  how 
often had violent thoughts, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E111: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by how 
often wanted to break or smash things, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and 
over,  2004–05
Table E112: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by how 
often got into a lot of arguments, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E113: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by how  
often shouting or throwing things, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E114: Positive wellbeing by how often felt easily annoyed or irritated,  Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E115: Positive wellbeing by how often had violent thoughts, Indigenous persons 
aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E116: Positive wellbeing by how often wanted to break or smash things,  Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E117: Positive wellbeing by how often got into a lot of arguments,  Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E118: Positive wellbeing by how often shouting or throwing things,  Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E119: Life stressors by how often felt easily annoyed or irritated, Indigenous persons 
aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E120: Life stressors by how often had violent thoughts, Indigenous persons aged  
18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E121: Life stressors by how often wanted to break or smash things,  Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E122: Life stressors by how often got into a lot of arguments, Indigenous persons  
aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E123: Life stressors by how often shouting or throwing things, Indigenous persons 
aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E124: Discrimination by how often felt easily annoyed or irritated, Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E125: Discrimination by how often had violent thoughts, Indigenous persons aged  
18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E126: Discrimination by how often wanted to break or smash things,  Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E127: Discrimination by how often got into a lot of arguments, Indigenous persons 
aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E128: Discrimination by how often shouting or throwing things, Indigenous persons 
aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E129: Cultural identification by how often felt easily annoyed or irritated,  
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E130: Cultural identification by how often had violent thoughts, Indigenous persons 
aged  18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E131: Cultural identification by how often wanted to break or smash things,  
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E132: Cultural identification by how often got into a lot of arguments, Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E133: Cultural identification by how often shouting or throwing things, Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E134: Removal from family by how often felt easily annoyed or irritated, Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E135: Removal from family by how often had violent thoughts,  Indigenous persons 
aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E136: Removal from family by how often wanted to break or smash things, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E137: Removal from family by how often got into a lot of arguments,  Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E138: Removal from family by how often shouting or throwing things, Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E139: Self-assessed health status by how often felt easily annoyed or irritated, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E140: Self-assessed health status by how often had violent thoughts, Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E141: Self-assessed health status by how often wanted to break or smash things,  
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E142: Self-assessed health status by how often got into a lot of arguments,  
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E143: Self-assessed health status by how often shouting or throwing things,  
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E144: Number of long-term health conditions by how often felt easily annoyed or 
irritated, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E145: Number of long-term health conditions by how often had violent thoughts, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E146: Number of long-term health conditions by how often wanted to break or  
smash things, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E147: Number of long-term health conditions by how often got into a lot of 
arguments, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E148: Number of long-term health conditions by how often shouting or throwing 
things, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E149: Long-term mental health condition by how often felt easily annoyed or 
irritated, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E150: Long-term mental health condition by how often had violent thoughts,  
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E151: Long-term mental health condition by how often wanted to break or smash 
things, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E152: Long-term mental health condition by how often got into a lot of arguments,  Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E153: Long-term mental health condition by how often shouting or throwing things,  Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E154: Alcohol consumption by how often felt easily annoyed or irritated,  Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E155: Alcohol consumption by how often had violent thoughts, Indigenous persons 
aged  18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E156: Alcohol consumption by how often wanted to break or smash things, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E157: Alcohol consumption by how often got into a lot of arguments, Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E158: Alcohol consumption by how often shouting or throwing things,  Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E159: Financial stress by how often felt easily annoyed or irritated, Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E160: Financial stress by how often had violent thoughts, Indigenous persons aged  
18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E161: Financial stress by how often wanted to break or smash things, Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E162: Financial stress by how often got into a lot of arguments, Indigenous persons  
aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E163: Financial stress by how often shouting or throwing things, Indigenous persons  
aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E164: Labour force status by how often felt easily annoyed or irritated,  Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E165: Labour force status by how often had violent thoughts, Indigenous persons 
aged  18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E166: Labour force status by how often wanted to break or smash things,  Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E167: Labour force status by how often got into a lot of arguments, Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E168: Labour force status by how often shouting or throwing things, Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E169: Psychological distress by life stressors, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and 
over, 2004–05
Table E170: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of 
feelings by  life stressors, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E171: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by life 
stressors, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E172: Positive wellbeing by life stressors, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and 
over, 2004–05
Table E173: Anger by life stressors, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E174: Psychological distress by reported mental illness as stressor, Indigenous persons  
aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E175: Whether felt treated badly because Indigenous by whether reported 
discrimination  as stressor, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E176: Psychological distress by treatment when seeking health care compared 
with  non-Indigenous people, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E177: Psychological distress by whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or 
Torres Strait Islander, Indigenous people aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E179: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by 
treatment  when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people, 
Indigenous persons aged  18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E180: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of 
feelings by whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander, Indigenous people aged  18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E181: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by 
whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander, 
Indigenous people aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E182: Positive wellbeing by treatment when seeking health care compared with  
non-Indigenous people, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E183: Positive wellbeing by whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres 
Strait  Islander, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E184: Anger by treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous 
people,  Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E184 (continued): Anger by treatment when seeking health care compared with  non-Indigenous people, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E185: Positive wellbeing by whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres 
Strait  Islander, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E186: Whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander by 
treatment  when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people, 
Indigenous persons aged  18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E187: Life stressors by treatment when seeking health care compared with  
non-Indigenous people, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E188: Life stressors by whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait 
Islander, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E190: Psychological distress by whether identifies with tribal group, language group  
or clan, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E191: Psychological distress by whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/
 allowed  to visit homeland, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E192: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of 
feelings by whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years  and over, 2004–05
Table E193: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by 
whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan, Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E194: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of 
feelings by whether recognised homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E195: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by 
whether recognised homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland, Indigenous persons aged  18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E196: Positive wellbeing by whether identifies with tribal group, language group  
or clan, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E197: Positive wellbeing by whether recognised homeland/ lives on homeland/ 
allowed to  visit homeland, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E198: Anger by whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan,  
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E199: Anger by whether recognised homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to 
visit homeland, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table C199(continued): Anger by whether recognised homeland/ lives on homeland/ 
allowed  to visit homeland, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E200: Life stressors by whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E201: Life stressors by whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed 
to  visit homeland, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E202: Discrimination by whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E203: Discrimination by whether recognised homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed 
to visit homeland, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E204: Whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland 
by  whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan, Indigenous 
persons aged 18 years  and over, 2004–05
Table E205: Whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan by whether 
recognised homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E206: Removal from family by whether identifies with tribal group, language group 
or clan, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E207: Removal from family by whether recognised homeland/ lives on homeland/ 
allowed  to visit homeland, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E208: Whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander by 
whether recognised homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland, Indigenous persons aged  18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E210: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings  
by removal from family, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E211: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional by removal from family, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Table E212: Positive wellbeing by removal from family, Indigenous persons aged 18 years  
and over, 2004–05
Table E213: Anger by removal from family, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
Table E213 (continued): Anger by removal from family, Indigenous persons aged 18 years  
and over, 2004–05
Table E215: Number of life stressors by removal from family, Indigenous persons aged 18 
years  and over, 2004–05

Psychological distress – Impact
Table E1: Impact of psychological distress by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over, 2004–05
	Psychological distress	
	Low	Moderate	High	Very high	Total	
Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities 	
0 days	%	94.7	87.0	67.2	45.5	78.4	
	95% CI	(94.3–95.1)	(84.8–89.1)	(61.5–72.9)	(40.1–51.0)	(76.5–80.3)	
1–2 days	%	3.4	5.2	11.3	9.2	6.4	
	95% CI	(2.0–4.9)	(3.9–6.5)	(8.0–14.6)	(6.7–11.6)	(5.4–7.5)	
3–14 days	%	*1.2	6.3	19.7	30.5	11.5	
	95% CI	(0.4–2.1)	(3.2–9.3)	(16.3–23.0)	(25.8–35.3)	(9.9–13.0)	
15 days or more	%	0.0	*0.8	*1.1	13.5	2.9	
	95% CI	. .	(0.3–1.3)	(0.2–2.0)	(10.3–16.8)	(2.2–3.6)	
Total(a)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)		53,000	84,200	33,400	36,800	207,400	
Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings 	
0 visits	%	96.6	90.6	87.5	68.6	87.7	
	95% CI	#	(88.3–92.9)	(83.6–91.4)	(64.8–72.4)	(86.3–89.1)	
1 visit	%	*1.7	4.0	6.6	12.3	5.3	
	95% CI	(0.9–2.6)	(2.9–5.1)	(4.5–8.7)	(9.2–15.5)	(4.5–6.2)	
2 visits	%	*0.6	2.2	3.5	8.3	3.1	
	95% CI	(0.1–1.1)	(1.2–3.2)	(1.9–5.1)	(6.1–10.5)	(2.4–3.7)	
3 visits or more	%	**0.2	**2.5	*2.0	10.5	3.3	
	95% CI	(–0.2–0.6)	(–0.1–5.2)	(0.7–3.4)	(6.8–14.2)	(2.0–4.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(b)		53,000	84,200	33,400	36,800	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
# 	Upper and lower confidence limits could not be calculated (refer to Appendix C).
. . 	Not applicable.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
Note:	Analysis excludes those who had a K-5 score of 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Psychological distress – Positive wellbeing
Table E2: Positive wellbeing by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
	Psychological distress	
		Low	Moderate	High	Very high	Total(a)	
How often felt calm and peaceful	
All/most of the time	%	80.5	56.0	34.8	16.4	56.4	
	95% CI	(77.5–83.6)	(52.8–59.2)	(30.3–39.3)	(13.1–19.8)	(54.2–58.6)	
Some of the time	%	13.3	32.2	37.4	33.7	25.6	
	95% CI	(11.0–15.7)	(28.1–36.2)	(32.5–42.3)	(29.0–38.3)	(23.8–27.4)	
A little/none of the time	%	5.4	11.4	27.5	49.4	16.5	
	95% CI	(4.1–6.7)	(9.3–13.5)	(21.7–33.4)	(43.8–55.0)	(14.9–18.0)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often been a happy person	
All/most of the time	%	89.1	76.7	55.9	29.7	71.4	
	95% CI	(87.0–91.1)	(73.8–79.7)	(51.5–60.4)	(25.1–34.4)	(69.5–73.3)	
Some of the time	%	8.3	18.2	33.1	37.6	18.8	
	95% CI	(6.5–10.1)	(14.8–21.5)	(27.7–38.5)	(33.0–42.2)	(17.1–20.6)	
A little/none of the time	%	1.9	4.8	10.7	32.4	8.4	
	95% CI	(1.1–2.7)	(3.4–6.2)	(8.2–13.3)	(28.3–36.6)	(7.4–9.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often felt full of life	
All/most of the time	%	74.7	54.1	36.0	20.5	54.6	
	95% CI	(72.0–77.4)	(50.5–57.7)	(31.7–40.3)	(16.2–24.7)	(52.8–56.4)	
Some of the time	%	18.1	32.4	35.8	30.0	26.6	
	95% CI	(15.2–21.0)	(29.1–35.7)	(30.7–40.8)	(26.1–33.9)	(24.8–28.4)	
A little/none of the time	%	6.3	13.1	27.6	49.3	17.3	
	95% CI	(5.0–7.7)	(11.0–15.2)	(22.8–32.4)	(45.3–53.4)	(15.8–18.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Had a lot of energy	
All/most of the time	%	64.3	44.8	34.8	19.3	47.2	
	95% CI	(61.7–66.8)	(41.0–48.6)	(30.1–39.5)	(15.8–22.8)	(45.2–49.2)	
Some of the time	%	24.5	37.0	34.2	29.3	30.3	
	95% CI	(21.5–27.6)	(33.6–40.5)	(29.4–39.0)	(24.4–34.2)	(28.4–32.2)	
A little/none of the time	%	10.3	17.9	30.4	51.5	21.1	
	95% CI	(8.4–12.3)	(15.1–20.7)	(25.4–35.5)	(47.0–55.2)	(19.4–22.7)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	99,900	84,200	33,400	36,800	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable positive wellbeing.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Psychological distress – Anger
Table E3: Anger by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	Psychological distress	
		Low	Moderate	High	Very high	Total(a)	
How often felt annoyed or irritated	
A lot	%	4.2	11.1	27.2	48.6	15.8	
	95% CI	(2.9–5.6)	(8.9–13.3)	(22.7–31.6)	(43.5–53.7)	(14.3–17.3)	
Some 	%	48.1	68.0	58.0	41.9	54.5	
	95% CI	(45.0–51.2)	(64.7–71.4)	(52.7–63.3)	(36.6–47.2)	(52.8–56.2)	
Not at all	%	46.8	20.5	14.2	9.3	28.2	
	95% CI	(42.9–50.6)	(17.7–23.2)	(10.9–17.5)	(6.6–12.0)	(26.0–30.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had violent thoughts	
A lot	%	*1.1	2.7	5.4	15.9	4.3	
	95% CI	(0.4–1.8)	(1.4–4.0)	(3.4–7.4)	(12.7–19.2)	(3.6–5.0)	
Some 	%	10.3	20.1	30.9	28.4	18.7	
	95% CI	(8.3–12.4)	(17.3–22.9)	(26.1–35.6)	(24.4–32.5)	(17.1–20.2)	
Not at all	%	87.7	76.7	63.4	55.4	75.6	
	95% CI	(85.2–90.2)	(73.6–79.8)	(58.7–68.1)	(49.9–60.8)	(73.9–77.2)	
Total(a)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
A lot	%	**0.3	*1.9	4.6	14.5	3.4	
	95% CI	(–0.0–0.7)	(0.6–3.2)	(2.5–6.7)	(11.5–17.5)	(2.8–4.1)	
Some 	%	7.0	16.0	29.2	31.2	16.2	
	95% CI	(5.1–8.9)	(13.4–18.7)	(24.7–33.6)	(26.5–35.8)	(14.8–17.6)	
Not at all	%	91.8	81.7	66.0	54.1	78.9	
	95% CI	(90.8–92.8)	(78.7–84.7)	(61.7–70.3)	(49.7–58.6)	(77.7–80.1)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had a lot of arguments	
A lot	%	*1.5	2.9	7.9	21.4	5.6	
	95% CI	(0.6–2.3)	(2.0–3.8)	(5.6–10.2)	(17.4–25.4)	(4.7–6.5)	
Some 	%	16.7	32.8	45.9	42.2	29.3	
	95% CI	(14.2–19.2)	(28.8–36.8)	(40.9–51.0)	(37.2–47.1)	(27.3–31.3)	
Not at all	%	81.0	63.8	46.0	36.2	63.7	
	95% CI	(78.7–83.3)	(60.1–67.4)	(41.6–50.3)	(31.5–40.9)	(61.6–65.8)	
Total(a)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
(continued)

Table E3 (continued): Anger by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	Psychological distress	
		Low	Moderate	High	Very high	Total(a)	
How often shouting or throwing things	
A lot	%	*0.5	2.5	7.1	15.8	4.2	
	95% CI	(0.2–0.9)	(1.5–3.4)	(4.7–9.4)	(12.6–19.0)	(3.5–4.9)	
Some 	%	13.5	22.6	39.2	31.1	22.2	
	95% CI	(11.3–15.6)	(19.3–25.9)	(34.1–44.4)	(27.3–34.8)	(20.6–23.8)	
Not at all	%	85.1	74.4	53.4	52.9	72.1	
	95% CI	(83.4–86.9)	(70.9–77.9)	(49.3–57.5)	(47.9–57.9)	(70.3–73.9)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	99,900	84,200	33,400	36,800	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable anger.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Psychological distress – Life stressors
Table E4: Life stressors by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	Psychological distress	
 		Low	Moderate	High	Very high	Total(a)	
Number of stressors	
Average stressors 	no.	1.9	2.6	3.2	3.6	2.5	
	95% CI	(1.7–2.0)	(2.4–2.9)	(3.0–3.5)	(3.2–3.9)	(2.4–2.7)	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)	99,900	84,200	33,400	36,800	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E5: Whether reported mental illness as stressor by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	Psychological distress	
	 	Low	Moderate	High	Very high	Total(a)	
Whether reported mental illness as stressor	
Reported mental illness as stressor	%	6.5	14.0	17.9	32.8	14.5	
	95% CI	(4.3–8.7)	(10.8–17.2)	(13.7–22.2)	(27.3–38.3)	(12.5–16.4)	
Did not report mental illness as stressor	%	93.5	86.0	82.1	67.2	85.5	
	95% CI	(91.0–96.0)	(82.6–89.3)	(75.7–88.4)	(60.9–73.5)	(83.5–87.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	68,400	64,500	23,200	28,000	185,500	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable whether reported mental illness as a stressor.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Psychological distress – Discrimination
Table E6: Discrimination by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	Psychological distress	
 		Low	Moderate	High	Very high	Total(a)	
Treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people	
Worse	%	1.7	3.3	7.7	8.5	4.0	
	95% CI	(0.9–2.6)	(2.3–4.4)	(4.9–10.5)	(5.2–11.9)	(3.1–4.8)	
Same	%	84.1	83.7	81.0	81.2	83.0	
	95% CI	(80.6–87.6)	(79.9–87.5)	(77.2–84.8)	(78.4–84.1)	(80.9–85.1)	
Better	%	4.8	5.8	6.1	5.0	5.4	
	95% CI	(3.3–6.3)	(4.2–7.3)	(3.8–8.4)	(3.0–6.9)	(4.4–6.4)	
Only encountered Indigenous people	%	1.4	2.4	*3.0	*1.6	2.0	
	95% CI	(0.8–2.0)	(1.5–3.4)	(1.4–4.6)	(0.4–2.8)	(1.5–2.5)	
Did not seek health care	%	8.0	4.7	*2.3	3.7	5.6	
 	95% CI	(5.6–10.3)	(3.2–6.3)	(0.9–3.6)	(2.0–5.4)	(4.4–6.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		94,100	77,500	30,700	33,800	238,900	
Whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander	
Yes	%	10.3	16.1	20.0	25.2	15.6	
	95% CI	(8.3–12.4)	(13.7–18.6)	(15.5–24.4)	(21.1–29.3)	(14.1–17.2)	
No	%	89.0	83.6	79.8	74.7	83.7	
	95% CI	(86.9–91.1)	(80.9–86.2)	(76.4–83.2)	(69.7–79.7)	(82.0–85.4)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)		99,900	84,200	33,400	36,800	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people (8%).
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Psychological distress – Cultural identification
Table E7: Cultural identification by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	Psychological distress	
 		Low	Moderate	High	Very high	Total(a)	
Whether identifies with a tribal group, language group or clan 	
Yes	%	46.1	44.6	49.7	45.0	45.7	
	95% CI	(41.2–51.0)	(40.5–48.6)	(44.3–55.0)	(39.2–50.7)	(42.4–49.1)	
No	%	51.0	51.8	47.2	48.2	50.3	
	95% CI	(46.4–55.6)	(46.3–57.3)	(39.4–55.0)	(41.9–54.5)	(47.1–53.5)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		68,400	64,500	7,200	28,000	185,500	
Whether recognises area as homelands or traditional country/lives on homelands/is allowed to visit homelands	
Recognises homelands and							
	currently lives there	%	17.2	13.0	14.5	14.6	15.0	
	95% CI	(13.3–21.1)	(10.1–15.9)	(9.3–19.7)	(9.9–19.3)	(12.7–17.3)	
	does not currently live there but allowed to visit	%	42.0	43.6	45.4	46.3	43.6	
	95% CI	(37.5–46.5)	(39.3–47.8)	(39.7–51.1)	(39.7–53.0)	(40.4–46.7)	
	does not currently live there and not allowed to visit	%	*0.5	**0.6	**0.9	**0.6	*0.6	
	95% CI	(0.0–1.0)	(–0.2–1.3)	(–0.3–2.2)	(–0.2–1.4)	(0.2–0.9)	
Doesn’t recognise homelands	%	38.1	39.7	35.7	35.4	38.0	
	95% CI	(33.9–42.2)	(34.4–45.0)	(28.6–42.9)	(28.7–42.1)	(35.0–41.0)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)		68,400	64,500	7,200	28,000	185,500	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan.
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether recognises homelands/ lives on homelands/ is allowed to visit homelands.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Psychological distress – Removal from family
Table E8:  Removal from family by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	Psychological distress	
		Low	Moderate	High	Very high	Total(a)	
Removal from family							
Respondent removed (with or without removal of relative)	 %	6.8	7.3	9.4	13.7	8.2	
	95% CI	(5.3–8.3)	(5.0–9.7)	(6.4–12.4)	(10.3–17.1)	(7.0–9.4)	
Relative only removed	%	31.5	39.4	38.6	39.6	35.9	
	95% CI	(27.9–35.2)	(36.2–42.5)	(32.7–44.4)	(34.4–44.9)	(33.6–38.2)	
Neither self nor relative removed	%	61.7	53.3	52.0	46.7	55.9	
	95% CI	(57.3–66.0)	(48.9–57.7)	(45.9–58.2)	(40.7–52.7)	(53.1–58.7)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		85,400	70,800	28,200	30,700	218,400	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable removal from family (17%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Psychological distress – Self-assessed health status
Table E9: Self assessed health status by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	Psychological distress	
		Low	Moderate	High	Very high	Total(a)	
Self-assessed health status 							
Excellent/very good	%	47.3	43.4	30.8	21.2	39.7	
	95% CI	(43.8–50.8)	(39.3–47.5)	(26.6–35.0)	(17.6–24.9)	(37.7–41.8)	
Good	%	38.4	34.6	41.9	27.9	36.3	
	95% CI	(34.9–41.9)	(31.2–38.0)	(36.7–47.0)	(24.0–31.9)	(34.2–38.4)	
Fair/poor	%	14.3	22.0	27.4	50.8	23.9	
	95% CI	(12.3–16.3)	(19.0–25.1)	(23.2–31.5)	(46.5–55.2)	(22.0–25.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		99,900	84,200	33,400	36,800	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable self-assessed health status.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Psychological distress – Long-term health conditions
Table E10: Number of long-term health conditions by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05
	Psychological distress	
 		Low	Moderate	High	Very high	Total(a)	
Number of long-term health conditions	
0	%	26.1	17.5	12.4	8.0	18.9	
	95% CI	(23.0–29.3)	(14.8–20.2)	(8.8–16.0)	(5.3–10.8)	(17.1–20.6)	
1 	%	22.4	19.1	13.1	7.7	17.9	
	95% CI	(19.5–25.4)	(16.2–22.1)	(9.8–16.5)	(5.7–9.7)	(16.4–19.4)	
2–3	%	30.2	32.0	32.8	22.4	30.3	
	95% CI	(27.6–32.9)	(28.2–35.9)	(27.6–38.0)	(18.5–26.2)	(28.4–32.1)	
4 or more	%	21.2	31.3	41.7	61.9	32.9	
	95% CI	(18.3–24.1)	(27.1–35.6)	(36.6–46.7)	(56.5–67.2)	(30.6–35.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	99,900	84,200	33,400	36,800	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable long-term health conditions.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E11: Long-term mental health condition by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05	
	Psychological distress	
 	 	Low	Moderate	High	Very high	Total(a)	
Whether has long-term mental health condition	
Long-term mental health condition	%	5.5	14.2	29.2	48.9	17.7	
	95% CI	(3.9–7.0)	(11.8–16.6)	(24.2–34.3)	(44.0–53.8)	(16.1–19.2)	
No long-term mental health condition	%	94.5	85.8	70.8	51.1	82.3	
	95% CI	(93.6–95.5)	(83.3–88.3)	(66.4–75.1)	(46.2–56.0)	(80.7–83.9)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	 	99,900	84,200	33,400	36,800	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable long-term mental health conditions.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Psychological distress – Alcohol consumption
Table E12: Alcohol consumption by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	Psychological distress	
 		Low	Moderate	High	Very high	Total(a)	
Alcohol consumption	
High risk	%	7.9	8.1	7.5	11.1	8.4	
	95% CI	(6.2–9.6)	(6.1–10.0)	(4.8–10.1)	(8.1–14.0)	(7.1–9.6)	
All others(b)	%	90.5	91.1	91.3	88.3	90.4	
	95% CI	(88.0–93.0)	(88.1–94.1)	(88.6–94.0)	(85.3–91.3)	(89.2–91.7)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	99,900	84,200	33,400	36,800	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
(b)	Includes low and medium risk, those who did not drink in week prior to interview and those who never drink alcohol.
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable alcohol consumption.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Psychological distress – Financial stress
Table E13: Financial stress by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	Psychological distress	
 		Low	Moderate	High	Very high	Total(a)	
Whether respondent can raise $2,000 in an emergency	
Yes	%	53.6	49.5	35.0	29.3	46.0	
	95% CI	(49.3–57.8)	(44.8–54.2)	(29.2–40.8)	(24.4–34.2)	(43.3–48.7)	
No	%	46.4	50.5	65.0	70.7	54.0	
	95% CI	(43.0–49.9)	(46.5–54.5)	(59.9–70.1)	(69.4–72.0)	(51.3–56.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		94,300	78,600	31,400	34,600	242,700	
Financial stress	
No financial stress	%	70.9	61.6	49.8	38.9	60.4	
	95% CI	(67.6–74.2)	(57.7–65.5)	(43.1–56.5)	(34.5–43.3)	(58.2–62.6)	
Past financial stress(c)	%	10.2	13.2	16.9	13.4	12.5	
	95% CI	(8.2–12.2)	(10.8–15.6)	(12.5–21.3)	(9.7–17.1)	(11.0–13.9)	
Present financial stress(d)	%	17.9	24.8	32.8	46.9	26.4	
	95% CI	(15.7–20.2)	(21.7–27.9)	(28.8–36.8)	(41.8–51.9)	(24.6–28.3)	
Total(e)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(e)		99,900	84,200	33,400	36,800	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable whether respondent can raise $2000 in an emergency (6%).
(c)	Whether had days without basic living expenses in the last 12 months.
(d)	Whether had days without basic living expenses in the last 2 weeks.
(e)	Includes missing responses on variable financial stress.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Psychological distress – Labour force status
Table E14: Labour force status by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
	Psychological distress	
 		Low	Moderate	High	Very high	Total(a)	
Labour force status							
Employed	%	46.1	46.3	34.7	23.6	41.1	
	95% CI	(42.2–50.0)	(41.9–50.8)	(29.1–40.3)	(19.1–28.0)	(38.7–43.4)	
Employed (CDEP)	%	12.6	10.5	11.8	9.8	11.5	
	95% CI	(10.6–14.7)	(8.7–12.2)	(8.8–14.7)	(7.0–12.6)	(10.2–12.8)	
Not in the labour force	%	34.6	36.4	44.1	55.1	39.8	
	95% CI	(31.2–38.0)	(32.5–40.4)	(39.7–48.5)	(49.9–60.4)	(37.2–42.4)	
Unemployed	%	6.7	6.8	9.4	11.5	7.7	
	95% CI	(4.9–8.4)	(5.3–8.3)	(6.3–12.5)	(8.2–14.7)	(6.6–8.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	99,900	84,200	33,400	36,800	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable labour force status.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Impact (days unable to work) – Impact (visits to doctor)
Table E15: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional by number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
		0 days	1–2 days	3–14 days	15 days 
or more	Total(a)	
Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
0 visits	%	93.8	73.1	66.1	54.1	87.7	
	95% CI	(92.9–94.8)	(67.9–78.3)	(61.7–70.5)	(40.8–67.5)	(86.3–89.1)	
1 visit	%	3.2	15.3	12.8	*11.7	5.3	
	95% CI	(2.5–4.0)	(9.4–21.3)	(9.7–16.0)	(5.0–18.3)	(4.5–6.2)	
2 visits	%	1.7	*6.5	8.3	11.3	3.1	
	95% CI	(1.1–2.3)	(3.1–9.9)	(5.4–11.2)	(6.0–16.6)	(2.4–3.7)	
3 visits or more	%	*1.1	*4.8	*12.7	22.9	3.3	
	95% CI	(0.3–1.8)	(0.8–8.8)	(3.8–21.6)	(12.3–33.4)	(2.0–4.6)	
Total (b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	162,600	13,300	23,800	6,000	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
Note:	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E16: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings by number 
of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
		0 visits	1 visit	2 visits	3 visits or more	Total(a)	
Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
0 days	%	83.9	47.6	43.3	*25.6	78.4	
	95% CI	(82.1–85.6)	(39.3–55.9)	(31.2–55.4)	(10.1–41.1)	(76.5–80.3)	
1–2 days	%	5.4	18.5	*13.6	*9.4	6.4	
	95% CI	(4.4–6.3)	(11.3–25.6)	(6.9–20.4)	(2.3–16.4)	(5.4–7.5)	
3–14 days	%	8.6	27.6	31.0	*44.4	11.5	
	95% CI	(7.3–9.9)	(21.3–33.8)	(21.6–40.4)	(18.0–70.8)	(9.9–13.0)	
15 days or more	%	1.8	*6.3	10.7	20.3	2.9	
	95% CI	(1.2–2.4)	(2.6–10.1)	(5.7–15.8)	(13.6–27.0)	(2.2–3.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	181,900	11,100	6,400	6,800	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings.
Note:	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Impact – Psychological distress
Table E17: Psychological distress by number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities 
because of feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
		0 days	1–2 days	3–14 days	15 days or more	Total(a)	
Psychological distress	
Low/moderate	%	75.9	46.5	25.1	*11.4	66.2	
	95% CI	(74.2–77.6)	(37.9–55.0)	(14.8–35.3)	(5.3–17.5)	(64.3–68.1)	
High/very high	%	24.1	53.5	74.9	88.6	33.8	
	95% CI	(21.8–26.4)	(46.6–60.4)	#	(80.8–96.4)	(31.4–36.3)	
Total	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)	162,600	13,300	23,800	6,000	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
# 	Upper and lower confidence limits could not be calculated (refer to Appendix C).
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings.
Note:	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E18: Psychological distress by number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
		0 visits	1 visit	2 visits	3 visits or more	Total(a)	
Psychological distress	
Low/moderate	%	70.1	39.0	33.5	*33.2	66.2	
	95% CI	(68.0–72.1)	(32.1–46.0)	(21.6–45.5)	(2.8–63.6)	(64.3–68.1)	
High/very high	%	29.9	61.0	66.5	66.8	33.8	
	95% CI	(27.5–32.3)	(52.8–69.2)	(59.6–73.3)	#	(31.4–36.3)	
Total	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)	181,900	11,100	6,400	6,800	207,400	
 * 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
# 	Upper and lower confidence limits could not be calculated (refer to Appendix C).
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Impact – Positive wellbeing
Table E19: Positive wellbeing by number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because 
of feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
		0 days	1–2 days	3–14 days	15 days or more	Total(a)	
How often felt calm and peaceful	
All/most of the time	%	58.3	37.6	20.5	*9.6	51.0	
	95% CI	(55.9–60.6)	(31.2–43.9)	(16.6–24.4)	(2.1–17.0)	(48.7–53.2)	
Some of the time	%	26.9	34.3	41.7	24.1	29.0	
	95% CI	(24.7–29.2)	(27.4–41.1)	(32.3–51.1)	(13.9–34.2)	(27.0–31.0)	
A little/none of the time	%	14.5	28.1	37.8	64.7	19.5	
	95% CI	(12.9–16.2)	(20.3–35.8)	(32.0–43.6)	(56.1–73.3)	(17.6–21.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often been a happy person	
All/most of the time	%	75.0	62.7	38.4	*14.8	68.0	
	95% CI	(72.9–77.1)	(54.5–70.8)	(31.6–45.2)	(7.1–22.5)	(65.8–70.2)	
Some of the time	%	18.8	25.8	37.7	28.4	21.6	
	95% CI	(16.9–20.8)	(19.6–31.9)	(28.4–46.9)	(19.0–37.8)	(19.7–23.5)	
A little/none of the time	%	6.0	11.5	23.9	56.8	9.9	
	95% CI	(5.0–7.0)	(6.3–16.8)	(19.7–28.1)	(46.4–67.2)	(8.7–11.2)	
Total(a)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often felt full of life	
All/most of the time	%	55.5	38.2	25.4	*12.2	49.4	
	95% CI	(53.4–57.6)	(31.1–45.3)	(19.5–31.4)	(3.5–20.9)	(47.5–51.4)	
Some of the time	%	29.2	33.9	34.1	19.5	29.6	
	95% CI	(27.0–31.3)	(26.7–41.0)	(24.6–43.6)	(12.0–27.0)	(27.6–31.5)	
A little/none of the time	%	15.0	27.3	40.5	68.3	20.3	
	95% CI	(13.3–16.8)	(21.1–33.6)	(35.9–45.0)	(58.9–77.6)	(18.5–22.1)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had a lot of energy	
All/most of the time	%	46.3	39.0	28.4	*5.3	42.4	
	95% CI	(43.9–48.7)	(31.5–46.4)	(18.8–37.9)	(1.2–9.4)	(40.3–44.6)	
Some of the time	%	33.8	32.9	29.7	18.4	32.6	
	95% CI	(31.3–36.4)	(26.7–39.1)	(24.0–35.4)	(10.8–26.0)	(30.6–34.6)	
A little/none of the time	%	19.6	27.7	42.0	76.3	24.3	
	95% CI	(17.7–21.5)	(21.7–33.6)	(38.5–45.4)	(65.4–87.2)	(22.5–26.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	162,600	13,300	23,800	6,000	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable positive wellbeing.
Note:	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E20: Positive wellbeing by number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
		0 visits	1 visit	2 visits	3 visits or more	Total(a)	
How often felt calm and peaceful 	
All/most of the time	%	54.9	32.9	20.9	*8.7	51.0	
	95% CI	(52.6–57.2)	(26.4–39.4)	(12.3–29.5)	(2.9–14.6)	(48.7–53.2)	
Some of the time	%	28.0	32.6	31.4	*49.9	29.0	
	95% CI	(26.1–29.9)	(24.1–41.1)	(22.4–40.3)	(20.3–79.4)	(27.0–31.0)	
A little/none of the time	%	16.9	34.5	47.7	40.6	19.5	
	95% CI	(15.0–18.8)	(25.4–43.6)	(36.1–59.3)	#	(17.6–21.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often been a happy person	
All/most of the time	%	71.9	48.9	41.8	*26.4	68.0	
	95% CI	(69.8–74.0)	(40.7–57.2)	(29.4–54.2)	(11.1–41.6)	(65.8–70.2)	
Some of the time	%	20.0	33.2	31.1	*40.9	21.6	
	95% CI	(18.1–21.9)	(25.8–40.5)	(21.2–41.0)	(12.4–69.4)	(19.7–23.5)	
A little/none of the time	%	8.0	17.9	27.1	32.7	9.9	
	95% CI	(6.8–9.3)	(11.1–24.7)	(16.2–37.9)	(23.9–41.6)	(8.7–11.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often felt full of life						
All/most of the time	%	52.7	30.7	33.1	13.4	49.4	
	95% CI	(50.6–54.7)	(25.7–35.7)	(20.8–45.4)	(7.6–19.1)	(47.5–51.4)	
Some of the time	%	29.5	35.3	21.6	*36.3	29.6	
	95% CI	(27.5–31.4)	(26.4–44.1)	(13.4–29.9)	(6.0–66.6)	(27.6–31.5)	
A little/none of the time	%	17.7	34.0	44.1	50.3	20.3	
	95% CI	(15.9–19.4)	(27.1–41.0)	(34.1–54.0)	(45.1–55.6)	(18.5–22.1)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had a lot of energy						
All/most of the time	%	44.2	30.3	34.3	**24.5	42.4	
	95% CI	(42.0–46.5)	(22.5–38.1)	(21.8–46.9)	(–3.4–52.4)	(40.3–44.6)	
Some of the time	%	34.1	28.4	18.7	19.1	32.6	
	95% CI	(31.8–36.4)	(21.2–35.6)	(12.5–24.9)	(12.7–25.5)	(30.6–34.6)	
A little/none of the time	%	21.5	40.9	45.8	56.4	24.3	
	95% CI	(19.6–23.5)	(32.8–49.0)	(35.1–56.4)	(51.4–61.4)	(22.5–26.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		181,900	11,100	6,400	6,800	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
# 	Upper and lower confidence limits could not be calculated (refer to Appendix C).
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable positive wellbeing.
Note:	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Impact – Anger
Table E21: Anger by number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
		0 days	1–2 days	3–14 days	15 days or more	Total(a)	
How often felt easily annoyed or irritated	
A lot	%	13.8	27.4	38.1	55.1	18.7	
	95% CI	(12.1–15.5)	(21.6–33.3)	(33.1–43.1)	(45.0–65.1)	(17.0–20.4)	
Some	%	61.1	60.4	50.6	40.5	58.9	
	95% CI	(58.9–63.2)	(51.9–68.9)	(41.0–60.2)	(28.3–52.7)	(57.0–60.9)	
Not at all	%	24.8	12.0	11.3	*4.4	21.8	
	95% CI	(22.5–27.1)	(7.1–16.8)	(8.3–14.3)	(1.2–7.6)	(19.7–23.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had violent thoughts	
A lot	%	3.3	9.9	12.7	12.5	5.1	
	95% CI	(2.4–4.1)	(5.6–14.3)	(9.1–16.3)	(8.0–16.9)	(4.2–6.0)	
Some	%	20.0	25.4	25.7	33.5	21.3	
	95% CI	(17.9–22.0)	(19.7–31.2)	(21.6–29.7)	(23.3–43.6)	(19.6–23.1)	
Not at all	%	76.4	64.4	61.6	54.1	73.0	
	95% CI	(74.8–78.0)	(56.5–72.3)	(52.0–71.2)	(43.2–64.9)	(71.4–74.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
A lot	%	2.6	*6.3	10.8	14.1	4.1	
	95% CI	(1.8–3.5)	(2.8–9.9)	(7.7–14.0)	(8.8–19.5)	(3.3–5.0)	
Some	%	16.3	26.9	30.1	32.3	19.0	
	95% CI	(14.3–18.2)	(20.5–33.3)	(25.7–34.5)	(22.0–42.6)	(17.3–20.6)	
Not at all	%	80.8	66.8	59.1	53.6	76.3	
	95% CI	(79.5–82.0)	(58.8–74.8)	(50.1–68.1)	(42.1–65.1)	(74.9–77.7)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often got into a lot of arguments	
A lot	%	4.2	12.8	16.6	22.0	6.7	
	95% CI	(3.3–5.2)	(8.1–17.5)	(12.7–20.4)	(14.1–29.8)	(5.6–7.8)	
Some	%	30.1	41.9	45.4	44.1	33.0	
	95% CI	(27.5–32.7)	(35.4–48.3)	(35.9–54.8)	(34.3–53.8)	(30.7–35.3)	
Not at all	%	65.3	45.2	38.1	34.0	59.7	
	95% CI	(63.1–67.5)	(38.0–52.5)	(32.6–43.5)	(22.4–45.5)	(57.6–61.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
(continued)

Table E21 (continued): Anger by number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because 
of feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
		0 days	1–2 days	3–14 days	15 days or more	Total(a)	
How often shouting or throwing things	
A lot	%	3.3	10.3	12.7	12.9	5.1	
	95% CI	(2.5–4.1)	(5.8–14.7)	(8.8–16.6)	(7.0–18.7)	(4.2–5.9)	
Some	%	23.2	31.8	31.9	38.7	25.1	
	95% CI	(21.1–25.2)	(25.9–37.8)	(27.6–36.2)	(26.1–51.3)	(23.2–27.0)	
Not at all	%	73.1	57.9	55.4	48.4	69.2	
	95% CI	(71.0–75.2)	(49.7–66.1)	(46.1–64.8)	(37.4–59.5)	(67.3–71.1)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	162,600	13,300	23,800	6,000	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable anger.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E22: Anger by number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
 		0 visits	1 visit	2 visits	3 visits or more	Total(a)	
How often felt easily annoyed or irritated	
A lot	%	16.1	35.7	41.0	43.5	18.7	
	95% CI	(14.3–17.9)	(26.7–44.7)	(30.2–51.8)	(34.0–53.0)	(17.0–20.4)	
Some	%	60.7	50.0	43.5	*49.9	58.9	
	95% CI	(58.6–62.7)	(42.2–57.9)	(31.6–55.3)	(21.5–78.3)	(57.0–60.9)	
Not at all	%	23.1	14.3	*15.3	*5.8	21.8	
	95% CI	(20.9–25.3)	(9.9–18.7)	(6.9–23.8)	(0.6–10.9)	(19.7–23.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had violent thoughts	
A lot	%	4.5	*9.0	*10.1	*10.8	5.1	
	95% CI	(3.5–5.4)	(3.7–14.4)	(2.8–17.4)	(4.2–17.5)	(4.2–6.0)	
Some	%	21.0	24.5	33.1	14.9	21.3	
	95% CI	(19.2–22.9)	(17.8–31.2)	(23.9–42.3)	(10.5–19.2)	(19.6–23.1)	
Not at all	%	74.3	66.2	56.7	73.5	73.0	
	95% CI	(72.6–76.0)	(58.4–73.9)	(44.8–68.7)	(50.0–97.0)	(71.4–74.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
(continued)
Table E22 (continued): Anger by number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
 		0 visits	1 visit	2 visits	3 visits or more	Total(a)	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
A lot	%	3.6	*8.7	*6.7	*8.5	4.1	
	95% CI	(2.7–4.5)	(3.6–13.8)	(2.9–10.5)	(3.7–13.3)	(3.3–5.0)	
Some	%	18.3	24.8	28.3	21.9	19.0	
	95% CI	(16.5–20.1)	(17.5–32.1)	(17.7–38.8)	(17.7–26.2)	(17.3–20.6)	
Not at all	%	77.9	66.5	65.0	69.6	76.3	
	95% CI	(76.5–79.4)	(57.7–75.4)	(53.2–76.9)	(44.2–94.9)	(74.9–77.7)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often got into a lot of arguments	
A lot	%	5.5	14.3	18.4	15.1	6.7	
	95% CI	(4.5–6.5)	(8.8–19.8)	(10.6–26.2)	(9.1–21.2)	(5.6–7.8)	
Some	%	32.3	33.2	36.0	*52.4	33.0	
	95% CI	(29.9–34.7)	(26.4–39.9)	(24.9–47.0)	(24.3–80.4)	(30.7–35.3)	
Not at all	%	61.9	52.5	45.6	32.5	59.7	
	95% CI	(59.8–64.0)	(43.3–61.8)	(32.7–58.5)	(23.5–41.5)	(57.6–61.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often shouting or throwing things	
A lot	%	4.2	11.4	11.9	12.0	5.1	
	95% CI	3.3–5.1	6.8–16.0	6.1–17.7	7.0–17.1	4.2–5.9	
Some	%	25.2	25.7	25.1	*25.9	25.1	
	95% CI	23.2–27.2	19.3–32.1	15.2–35.0	11.4–40.5	23.2–27.0	
Not at all	%	70.3	62.9	63.0	62.1	69.2	
	95% CI	68.2–72.4	54.4–71.5	51.5–74.5	39.0–85.1	67.3–71.1	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	181,900	11,100	6,400	6,800	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable anger.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Impact – Life stressors
Table E23: Life stressors by number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
		0 days	1–2 days	3–14 days	15 days or more	Total(a)	
Number of stressors	
Average stressors	no.	2.5	3.5	3.8	4.2	2.7	
	95% CI	(2.3–2.6)	(3.0–3.9)	(3.4–4.2)	(3.5–4.9)	(2.6–2.9)	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)	162,600	13,300	23,800	6,000	207,400	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings.
Note:	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E24: Life stressors by number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
 	 	0 visits	1 visit	2 visits	3 visits or more	Total(a)	
Number of stressors	
Average stressors	no.	2.6	3.6	3.2	3.9	2.7	
	95% CI	(2.5–2.8)	(3.0–4.3)	(2.6–3.7)	(3.7–4.1)	(2.6–2.9)	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)	181,900	11,100	6,400	6,800	207,400	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
Note:	 Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Impact – Discrimination
Table E25: Discrimination by number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
		0 days	1–2 days	3–14 days	15 days or more	Total(a)	
Treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people	
Worse	%	3.8	*5.7	8.3	*7.7	4.5	
	95% CI	(2.8–4.8)	(2.1–9.3)	(5.4–11.3)	(2.8–12.7)	(3.6–5.4)	
Same	%	84.5	77.2	80.2	81.0	83.5	
	95% CI	(81.8–87.2)	(70.4–84.0)	(72.6–87.9)	(73.6–88.4)	(81.4–85.5)	
Better	%	4.5	10.0	*7.7	*6.1	5.3	
	95% CI	(3.5–5.5)	(5.4–14.7)	(3.9–11.4)	(0.2–11.9)	(4.3–6.3)	
Only encountered Indigenous people	%	2.1	*2.5	*2.4	**3.5	2.2	
	95% CI	(1.5–2.7)	(0.4–4.6)	(0.6–4.2)	(–3.2–10.2)	(1.6–2.8)	
Did not seek health care	%	5.1	*4.5	*1.4	**1.7	4.6	
	95% CI	(4.0–6.3)	(1.9–7.1)	(0.1–2.6)	(–1.7–5.1)	(3.6–5.5)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	151,200	12,000	21,900	5,400	191,500	
Whether treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander	
Yes	%	14.7	20.7	29.2	30.9	17.2	
	95% CI	(13.0–16.4)	(15.7–25.8)	(23.1–35.4)	(21.6–40.3)	(15.5–19.0)	
No	%	85.2	78.9	70.6	69.1	82.3	
	95% CI	(83.4–87.0)	(71.1–86.7)	(62.3–79.0)	(58.6–79.6)	(80.5–84.2)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	162,600	13,300	23,800	6,000	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable treatment when seeking health care compared to non-Indigenous people (8%).
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander.
Note:	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E26: Discrimination by number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
 	 	0 visits	1 visit	2 visits	3 visits or more	Total(a)	
Treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people	
Worse	%	4.0	8.8	*6.2	*9.6	4.5	
	95% CI	(3.1–4.9)	(4.6–13.1)	(0.4–11.9)	(3.2–16.0)	(3.6–5.4)	
Same	%	83.7	80.8	86.0	82.6	83.5	
	95% CI	(81.4–86.0)	(73.7–87.9)	(75.1–96.8)	(61.3–104.0)	(81.4–85.5)	
Better	%	5.0	8.2	*6.3	*7.4	5.3	
	95% CI	(3.9–6.0)	(4.5–11.9)	(2.0–10.7)	(1.2–13.6)	(4.3–6.3)	
Only encountered Indigenous people	%	2.3	**2.1	**1.5	**0.4	2.2	
	95% CI	(1.7–2.9)	(–0.2–4.5)	(–0.8–3.9)	(–0.4–1.1)	(1.6–2.8)	
Did not seek health care	%	5.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	4.6	
	95% CI	(4.0–6.1)	. .	. .	. .	(3.6–5.5)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(b)	 	168,700	10,300	5,700	6,300	191,500	
Whether treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander	
Yes	%	16.2	26.6	28.6	18.6	17.2	
	95% CI	(14.4–17.9)	(21.3–31.9)	(18.1–39.2)	(12.7–24.6)	(15.5–19.0)	
No	%	83.7	73.4	71.4	81.4	82.3	
	95% CI	(81.8–85.6)	(65.7–81.1)	(64.0–78.8)	(61.0–101.7)	(80.5–84.2)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)		181,900	11,100	6,400	6,800	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
. . 	Not applicable.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable treatment when seeking health care compared to non-Indigenous people (8%).
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander.
Note:	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Impact – Cultural identification
Table E27: Cultural identification by number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
		0 days	1–2 days	3–14 days	15 days or more	Total(a)	
Whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan 	
Yes	%	46.4	46.2	48.6	41.1	46.3	
	95% CI	(42.9–50.0)	(38.5–53.9)	(44.2–53.0)	(30.5–51.7)	(42.9–49.8)	
No	%	49.9	48.4	48.5	52.3	49.6	
	95% CI	(46.2–53.7)	(37.0–59.7)	(34.7–62.3)	(40.4–64.3)	(46.2–53.1)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	124,300	8,300	16,500	5,000	155,000	
Whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland 	
Recognises homelands and							
currently lives there	%	15.3	*14.5	13.0	*13.8	14.9	
	95% CI	(12.7–17.9)	(7.1–21.9)	(7.7–18.2)	(6.3–21.3)	(12.4–17.4)	
  does not currently live there but allowed to visit	%	44.2	53.6	44.0	38.9	44.5	
	95% CI	(40.8–47.6)	(44.8–62.4)	(39.7–48.4)	(29.8–47.9)	(41.2–47.7)	
  does not currently live there and not allowed to visit	%	*0.5	**0.4	**1.0	**2.2	*0.6	
	95% CI	(0.1–0.9)	(–0.4–1.3)	(–0.7–2.7)	(–1.9–6.3)	(0.2–1.0)	
Does not recognise homeland	%	37.3	27.2	40.4	41.1	37.0	
	95% CI	(33.8–40.7)	(17.8–36.5)	(26.5–54.3)	(26.1–56.1)	(33.8–40.3)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	124,300	8,300	16,500	5,000	155,000	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan.
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland.
Notes
1.	Non-remote population only. 
2.	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E28: Cultural identification by number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
 	 	0 visits	1 visit	2 visits	3 visits or more	Total(a)	
Whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan 	
Yes	%	46.6	47.3	47.9	39.2	46.3	
	95% CI	(43.1–50.1)	(36.1–58.4)	(33.6–62.3)	#	(42.9–49.8)	
No	%	49.8	46.1	46.5	*58.5	49.6	
	95% CI	(46.1–53.5)	(35.5–56.7)	(33.8–59.3)	(28.2–88.7)	(46.2–53.1)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		136,600	7,300	4,700	5,800	155,000	
Whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland	
Recognises homelands and							
currently lives there	%	15.1	19.4	*7.5	11.0	14.9	
	95% CI	(12.6–17.7)	(10.2–28.6)	(2.5–12.6)	(5.9–16.1)	(12.4–17.4)	
does not currently live there but allowed to visit	%	44.9	47.8	37.6	36.6	44.5	
	95% CI	(41.4–48.4)	(36.7–58.9)	(24.2–51.1)	(33.4–39.7)	(41.2–47.7)	
does not currently live there and not allowed to visit	%	*0.4	0.0	**5.0	**1.8	*0.6	
	95% CI	(0.1–0.8)	. .	(–3.5–13.6)	(–1.7–5.3)	(0.2–1.0)	
Does not recognise homeland	%	37.0	27.1	44.3	*49.0	37.0	
	95% CI	(33.6–40.4)	(18.8–35.4)	(30.6–57.9)	(16.3–81.8)	(33.8–40.3)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)		136,600	7,300	4,700	5,800	155,000	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
# 	Upper and lower confidence limits could not be calculated (refer to Appendix C).
. .	Not applicable.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan.
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland.
Notes
1.	Non-remote population only.
2.	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Impact – Removal from family
Table E29: Removal from family by number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
		0 days	1–2 days	3–14 days	15 days or more	Total(a)	
Removal from family	
Respondent removed (with or without removal of relative)	%	8.0	13.3	10.2	*12.9	8.7	
	95% CI	(6.4–9.5)	(6.9–19.7)	(7.0–13.5)	(4.3–21.5)	(7.3–10.1)	
Relative only removed	%	38.2	41.0	36.8	42.4	38.3	
	95% CI	(35.4–41.1)	(33.3–48.7)	(32.1–41.6)	(32.0–52.8)	(35.8–40.9)	
Neither self nor relative removed	%	53.8	45.7	52.9	44.7	53.0	
	95% CI	(50.3–57.3)	(38.3–53.2)	(41.5–64.3)	(31.6–57.8)	(49.9–56.0)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(b)	136,900	11,500	19,900	5,300	174,600	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable removal from family (17%).
Note:	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E30: Removal from family by number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
 		0 visits	1 visit	2 visits	3 visits or more	Total(a)	
Removal from family	
Respondent removed (with or without removal of relative)	%	8.0	17.5	*13.3	*8.8	8.7	
	95% CI	(6.6–9.4)	(10.6–24.4)	(5.2–21.5)	(3.5–14.2)	(7.3–10.1)	
Relative only removed	%	38.2	40.7	43.1	36.1	38.3	
	95% CI	(35.5–40.9)	(30.4–51.0)	(30.5–55.6)	(28.0–44.3)	(35.8–40.9)	
Neither self nor relative removed	%	53.9	41.7	43.6	*55.0	53.0	
	95% CI	(50.5–57.2)	(33.7–49.8)	(30.4–56.8)	(26.1–84.0)	(49.9–56.0)	
Total*(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	153,200	9,700	5,400	5,800	174,600	
 * 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable removal from family (17%).
Note:	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Impact – Self-assessed health status
Table E31: Self-assessed health status by number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
		0 days	1–2 days	3–14 days	15 days or more	Total(a)	
Self-assessed health status	
Excellent/very good	%	42.8	31.4	26.5	*11.9	39.1	
	95% CI	(40.2–45.4)	(24.5–38.4)	(17.3–35.6)	(5.7–18.1)	(36.9–41.3)	
Good	%	36.0	38.1	30.9	*14.3	35.0	
	95% CI	(33.5–38.6)	(31.2–45.0)	(25.1–36.6)	(6.1–22.5)	(32.7–37.3)	
Fair/poor	%	21.2	30.5	42.7	73.9	25.9	
	95% CI	(18.9–23.4)	(24.0–36.9)	(38.2–47.2)	(64.3–83.4)	(23.7–28.0)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	162,600	13,300	23,800	6,000	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable self-assessed health status.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E32: Self-assessed health status by number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
	 	0 visits	1 visit	2 visits	3 visits or more	Total(a)	
Self-assessed health status	
Excellent/very good	%	40.5	29.0	15.3	*42.5	39.1	
	95% CI	(38.1–43.0)	(21.0–37.0)	(8.1–22.5)	(12.3–72.8	(36.9–41.3)	
Good	%	36.2	35.2	24.4	*7.6	35.0	
	95% CI	(33.8–38.5)	(26.7–43.8)	(14.3–34.5)	(3.4–11.7	(32.7–37.3)	
Fair/poor	%	23.3	35.7	60.3	49.9	25.9	
	95% CI	(21.1–25.5)	(29.6–41.9)	(49.9–70.7)	#	(23.7–28.0)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	181,900	11,100	6,400	6,800	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
# 	Upper and lower confidence limits could not be calculated (refer to Appendix C).
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable self-assessed health status.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Impact – Long-term health conditions
Table E33: Number of long-term health conditions by number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
		0 days	1–2 days	3–14 days	15 days or more	Total(a)	
Number of long-term health conditions	
0 conditions	%	18.4	18.6	7.3	**0.7	16.5	
	95% CI	(16.4–20.4)	(13.0–24.2)	(3.9–10.6)	(–0.4–1.7)	(14.8–18.2)	
1 condition	%	19.1	14.1	7.9	2.7	17.0	
	95% CI	(17.2–21.0)	(9.8–18.5)	(5.3–10.5)	(0.4–5.0)	(15.3–18.6)	
2–3 conditions	%	32.2	22.3	24.8	18.0	30.3	
	95% CI	(29.6–34.8)	(15.7–28.8)	(20.3–29.2)	(9.5–26.4)	(28.2–32.4)	
4 conditions or more	%	30.3	45.0	60.0	78.7	36.2	
	95% CI	(27.5–33.2)	(37.4–52.6)	(50.9–69.2)	(69.9–87.4)	(33.7–38.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	162,600	13,300	23,800	6,000	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable long-term health conditions.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E34: Number of long-term health conditions by number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	Number of visits to doctor or other health professionals about feelings	
 		0 visits	1 visit	2 visits	3 visits or more	Total(a)	
Number of long-term health conditions	
0 conditions	%	18.1	*8.4	*3.8	**0.7	16.5	
	95% CI	(16.2–20.0)	(4.3–12.5)	(0.9–6.6)	(–0.4–1.8)	(14.8–18.2)	
1 condition	%	17.7	10.0	*12.5	**10.9	17.0	
	95% CI	(16.0–19.4)	(5.5–14.4)	(4.5–20.5)	(–3.8–25.7)	(15.3–18.6)	
2–3 conditions	%	31.6	27.1	*21.9	*9.2	30.3	
	95% CI	(29.3–33.9)	(19.3–34.9)	(11.1–32.7)	(4.4–13.9)	(28.2–32.4)	
4 conditions or more	%	32.6	54.6	61.9	79.2	36.2	
	95% CI	(30.1–35.2)	(46.6–62.6)	(54.0–69.7)	(61.0–97.4)	(33.7–38.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(b)	181,900	11,100	6,400	6,800	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable long-term health conditions.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E35: Long-term mental health condition by number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings of distress, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities	
 	 	0 days	1–2 days	3–14 days	15 or more days	Total(a)	
Whether has long-term mental health condition	
Long-term mental health condition/s	%	15.8	30.2	41.0	60.2	20.9	
	95% CI	(13.7–17.9)	(22.3–38.2)	(36.4–45.6)	(49.8–70.5)	(19.0–22.9)	
No long-term mental health condition/s	%	84.2	69.8	59.0	39.8	79.1	
	95% CI	(82.4–86.0)	(61.2–78.4)	(49.9–68.1)	(30.0–49.7)	(77.1–81.1)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	 	162,600	13,300	23,800	6,000	207,400	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable long-term mental health conditions.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E36: Long-term mental health condition by number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
 	 	0 visits	1 visit	2 visits	3 or more visits	Total(a)	
Whether has long-term mental health condition	
Long-term mental health condition/s	%	17.7	40.6	47.3	52.3	20.9	
	95% CI	(15.8–19.7)	(32.0–49.2)	(33.7–61.0)	(46.6–58.0)	(19.0–22.9)	
No long-term mental health condition/s	%	82.3	59.4	52.7	*47.7	79.1	
	95% CI	(80.3–84.3)	(50.4–68.4)	(41.0–64.3)	(20.1–75.3)	(77.1–81.1)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	 	181,900	11,100	6,400	6,800	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable long-term mental health conditions.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Impact – Alcohol consumption
Table E37: Alcohol consumption by number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
		0 days	1–2 days	3–14 days	15 days or more	Total(a)	
Alcohol consumption	
High risk	%	8.5	7.3	7.6	*8.7	8.6	
	95% CI	(7.0–10.0)	(4.0–10.7)	(4.3–10.8)	(1.5–15.8)	(7.2–9.9)	
All others(b)	%	90.6	91.0	91.2	89.7	90.5	
	95% CI	(89.1–92.2)	(85.8–96.3)	(86.3–96.1)	(82.4–96.9)	(89.1–91.8)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	162,600	13,300	23,800	6,000	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities.
(b)	Includes those people who: were considered low risk; medium risk; last consumed alcohol 1 week to less than 12 months ago; last consumed alcohol 12 months or more ago; and, time since last consumed alcohol not known.
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable alcohol consumption.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E38: Alcohol consumption by number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
 	 	0 visits	1 visit	2 visits	3 visits or more	Total(a)	
Alcohol consumption	
High risk	%	9.0	*4.8	*2.7	**3.4	8.6	
	95% CI	(7.5–10.5)	(1.7–7.8)	(0.4–5.1)	(–0.9–7.7)	(7.2–9.9)	
All others(b)	%	90.2	93.6	95.3	95.0	90.5	
	95% CI	(88.7–91.6)	(91.5–95.8)	(89.6–101.0)	(84.1–105.9)	(89.1–91.8)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	181,900	11,100	6,400	6,800	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)		Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
(b)	Includes those people who: were considered low risk; medium risk; last consumed alcohol 1 week to less than 12 months ago; last consumed alcohol 12 months or more ago; and, time since last consumed alcohol not known.
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable alcohol consumption.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Impact – Financial stress
Table E39: Financial stress by number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
 	 	0 days	1–2 days	3–14 days	15 days or more	Total(a)	
Whether able to raise $2000 in an emergency	
Yes	%	47.9	40.6	35.8	26.9	45.3	
	95% CI	(44.7–51.0)	(31.9–49.3)	(25.8–45.8)	(15.5–38.4)	(42.5–48.1)	
No	%	52.1	59.4	64.2	73.1	54.7	
	95% CI	(49.0–55.3)	(52.4–66.5)	(61.8–66.7)	(65.8–80.3)	(51.8–57.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	151,700	12,700	22,600	5,900	194,400	
Financial stress	
No financial stress	%	61.2	53.2	43.4	32.6	57.6	
	95% CI	(58.8–63.7)	(45.3–61.1)	(33.6–53.2)	(23.2–42.0)	(55.2–60.0)	
Past financial stress(c)	%	12.9	11.1	16.2	*10.1	13.1	
	95% CI	(11.2–14.6)	(7.3–14.8)	(12.1–20.3)	(3.8–16.4)	(11.5–14.7)	
Present financial stress(d)	%	24.9	35.4	40.0	57.1	28.5	
	95% CI	(22.9–26.8)	(27.9–43.0)	(34.7–45.3)	(44.6–69.5)	(26.5–30.4)	
Total(e)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(e)	162,600	13,300	23,800	6,000	207,400	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable whether able to raise $2000 in an emergency (6%).
(c)	Whether had days without basic living expenses in the last 12 months.
(d)	Whether had days without basic living expenses in the last 2 weeks.
(e)	Includes missing responses on variable financial stress.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E40: Financial stress by whether saw a doctor or other health professional about feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
 	 	0 visits	1 visit	2 visits	3 visits or more	Total(a)	
Whether able to raise $2000 in an emergency	
Yes	%	46.0	33.6	37.6	*52.9	45.3	
	95% CI	(43.1–48.9)	(25.9–41.3)	(23.6–51.7)	(23.9–81.8)	(42.5–48.1)	
No	%	54.0	66.4	62.4	47.1	54.7	
	95% CI	(50.8–57.2)	(59.1–73.6)	(54.3–70.4)	#	(51.8–57.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	170,100	10,300	6,100	6,700	194,400	
Financial stress	
No financial stress	%	58.8	49.2	48.4	*51.3	57.6	
	95% CI	(56.5–61.2)	(39.8–58.7)	(37.7–59.1)	(23.3–79.3)	(55.2–60.0)	
Past financial stress(c)	%	13.3	12.8	*16.7	*4.5	13.1	
	95% CI	(11.6–15.1)	(8.8–16.7)	(7.8–25.6)	(0.1–8.9)	(11.5–14.7)	
Present financial stress(d)	%	27.0	37.7	34.9	44.2	28.5	
	95% CI	(24.9–29.1)	(31.0–44.5)	(26.2–43.6)	(40.2–48.1)	(26.5–30.4)	
Total(e)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(e)	181,900	11,100	6,400	6,800	207,400	
 * 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
# 	Upper and lower confidence limits could not be calculated (refer to Appendix C).
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable whether able to raise $2000 in an emergency (6%).
(c)	Whether had days without basic living expenses in the last 12 months.
(d)	Whether had days without basic living expenses in the last 2 weeks.
(e)	Includes missing responses on variable financial stress.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Impact – Labour force status
Table E41: Labour force status by number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities	
		0 days	1–2 days	3–14 days	15 days or more	Total(a)	
Labour force status	
Employed: non-CDEP	%	45.3	29.5	27.3	18.6	41.3	
	95% CI	(42.2–48.3)	(22.7–36.2)	(17.1–37.5)	(9.8–27.3)	(38.7–43.9)	
Employed: CDEP	%	11.0	14.3	10.6	**1.9	11.0	
	95% CI	(9.5–12.6)	(9.7–19.0)	(7.3–14.0)	(0.0–3.7)	(9.6–12.5)	
Unemployed	%	7.1	12.2	9.0	*10.0	7.7	
	95% CI	(5.9–8.4)	(7.1–17.2)	(6.2–11.8)	(3.4–16.6)	(6.6–8.8)	
Not in labour force	%	36.5	44.0	53.1	69.5	39.9	
	95% CI	(33.6–39.5)	(36.4–51.6)	(48.1–58.1)	(60.6–78.5)	(37.1–42.7)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(b)	162,600	13,300	23,800	6,000	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable labour force status.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E42: Labour force status by number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	Number of visits to  doctor or other health professional about feelings	
 	 	0 visits	1 visit	2 visits	3 visits or more	Total(a)	
Labour force status	
Employed: non-CDEP	%	42.3	24.1	25.4	*55.1	41.3	
	95% CI	(39.4–45.2)	(16.1–32.1)	(15.5–35.3)	(25.5–84.7	(38.7–43.9)	
Employed: CDEP	%	11.3	9.9	13.1	**3.5	11.0	
	95% CI	(9.7–12.9)	(5.8–14.0)	(7.3–18.9)	(–0.0–7.0	(9.6–12.5)	
Unemployed	%	7.8	9.9	*7.7	**3.3	7.7	
	95% CI	(6.6–9.0)	(5.3–14.5)	(0.6–14.7)	(–0.1–6.8	(6.6–8.8)	
Not in labour force	%	38.6	56.1	53.9	38.1	39.9	
	95% CI	(35.6–41.6)	(48.2–64.0)	(41.8–66.0)	#	(37.1–42.7)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	181,900	11,100	6,400	6,800	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
# 	Upper and lower confidence limits could not be calculated (refer to Appendix C).
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable labour force status.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Positive wellbeing – Psychological distress
Table E43: Psychological distress by how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05
	How often felt calm and peaceful	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Psychological distress	
Low/moderate	%	87.6	87.6	61.2	29.7	48.4	71.3	
	95% CI	(82.7–92.5)	(85.4–89.7)	(56.5–65.9)	(25.7–33.8)	(38.2–58.6)	(69.4–73.2)	
High/very high	%	11.3	12.4	37.7	69.8	51.2	27.2	
	95% CI	(8.6–14.0)	(10.8–14.1)	(34.3–41.0)	(62.0–77.6)	(44.6–57.7)	(25.1–29.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	38,500	107,200 	66,000	30,100	12,500	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt calm and peaceful.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E44: Psychological distress by how often been a happy person, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05	
	How often been a happy person	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Psychological distress	
Low/moderate	%	86.4	81.9	48.5	26.8	29.6	71.3	
	95% CI	(83.5–89.3)	(79.4–84.3)	(42.9–54.0)	(20.8–32.8)	(17.3–41.9)	(69.4–73.2)	
High/very high	%	11.6	18.0	51.1	71.8	70.4	27.2	
	95% CI	(9.6–13.6)	(15.8–20.2)	(46.8–55.5)	(65.1–78.5)	(59.5–81.3)	(25.1–29.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	56,100	128,300 	48,700	17,000	4,700	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often been a happy person.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E45: Psychological distress by how often felt full of life, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over, 2004–05	
	How often felt full of life	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Psychological distress	
Low/moderate	%	84.4	85.7	66.0	46.5	24.9	71.3	
	95% CI	(81.9–87.0)	(82.9–88.4)	(61.8–70.2)	(41.6–51.3)	(17.7–32.1)	(69.4–73.2)	
High/very high	%	13.6	14.0	33.5	53.5	74.9	27.2	
	95% CI	(10.8–16.5)	(11.8–16.1)	(30.2–36.8)	(47.3–59.7)	(68.6–81.1)	(25.1–29.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		45,600	95,400	68,600	28,700	16,000	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt full of life.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E46: Psychological distress by how often had a lot of energy, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over, 2004–05
	How often had a lot of energy	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Psychological distress	
Low/moderate	%	82.0	84.4	71.2	53.2	32.3	71.3	
	95% CI	(78.2–85.7)	(81.7–87.1)	(67.3–75.0)	(47.3–59.2)	(25.6–39.0)	(69.4–73.2)	
High/very high	%	15.9	15.1	28.3	46.6	67.7	27.2	
	95% CI	(12.9–18.9)	(12.8–17.5)	(25.3–31.4)	(42.1–51.2)	(61.2–74.2)	(25.1–29.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		36,900	84,900	78,300	37,300	17,100	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had a lot of energy.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Positive wellbeing – Impact
Table E47: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings by 
how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	How often felt calm and peaceful	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
0 days	%	89.9	89.6	72.9	58.1	59.9	78.4	
	95% CI	(87.8–92.1)	(87.2–91.9)	(69.0–76.7)	(53.3–62.9)	(50.0–69.9)	(76.5–80.3)	
1–2 days	%	*4.3	4.9	7.6	11.0	*4.8	6.4	
	95% CI	(2.0–6.5)	(3.7–6.0)	(5.7–9.5)	(7.4–14.6)	(1.6–8.0)	(5.4–7.5)	
3–14 days	%	4.9	4.5	16.5	22.8	21.0	11.5	
	95% CI	(2.5–7.3)	(3.3–5.8)	(12.3–20.7)	(18.3–27.2)	(13.9–28.0)	(9.9–13.0)	
15 days or more	%	**0.6	*0.5	2.4	7.8	14.3	2.9	
	95% CI	(–0.3–1.5)	(0.0–1.0)	(1.3–3.6)	(5.3–10.4)	(9.1–19.6)	(2.2–3.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	22,100	83,600	60,100	29,100	11,300	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt calm and peaceful.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E48: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings by 
how often been a happy person, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
How often been a happy person	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
0 days	%	86.2	86.5	68.4	50.4	36.3	78.4	
	95% CI	#	(84.1–89.0)	(64.3–72.4)	(44.2–56.7)	(22.0–50.5)	(76.5–80.3)	
1–2 days	%	5.8	6.0	7.7	*8.9	*2.1	6.4	
	95% CI	(3.8–7.8)	(4.6–7.3)	(5.6–9.8)	(4.5–13.3)	(0.1–4.0)	(5.4–7.5)	
3–14 days	%	6.7	6.4	20.0	25.8	34.4	11.5	
	95% CI	(4.7–8.8)	(4.6–8.2)	(14.6–25.3)	(19.8–31.8)	(22.1–46.6)	(9.9–13.0)	
15 days or more	%	**0.7	*0.6	3.8	14.3	25.2	2.9	
	95% CI	(–0.0–1.5)	(0.2–1.0)	(2.3–5.3)	(9.6–19.0)	(15.1–35.3)	(2.2–3.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		35,600	105,400	44,800	16,300	4,300	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
# 	Upper and lower confidence limits could not be calculated (refer to Appendix C).
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often been a happy person.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E49: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings by 
how often felt full of life, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	How often felt full of life	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
0 days	%	84.6	89.3	77.3	66.6	42.9	78.4	
	95% CI	(82.3–86.9)	(86.5–92.1)	(74.2–80.5)	(60.3–72.9)	(35.8–49.9)	(76.5–80.3)	
1–2 days	%	5.3	4.9	7.4	7.2	11.2	6.4	
	95% CI	(3.1–7.4)	(3.5–6.2)	(5.5–9.2)	(4.6–9.9)	(6.7–15.7)	(5.4–7.5)	
3–14 days	%	8.8	4.8	13.2	20.9	26.3	11.5	
	95% CI	(5.4–12.3)	(3.3–6.3)	(9.2–17.2)	(16.6–25.1)	(20.1–32.4)	(9.9–13.0)	
15 days or more	%	**0.7	*0.7	1.9	5.2	17.8	2.9	
	95% CI	(–0.0–1.5)	(0.0–1.4)	(1.1–2.8)	(3.3–7.1)	(11.9–23.8)	(2.2–3.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	28,200	74,300	61,400	26,900	15,200	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt full of life.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E50: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings by 
how often had a lot of energy, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	How often had a lot of energy	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
0 days	%	84.6	86.0	81.3	71.5	45.1	78.4	
	95% CI	(82.9–86.2)	(83.8–88.2)	(77.3–85.4)	(65.7–77.4)	(37.1–53.2)	(76.5–80.3)	
1–2 days	%	5.8	5.9	6.5	7.2	*7.6	6.4	
	95% CI	(3.3–8.3)	(4.3–7.6)	(4.9–8.0)	(5.1–9.3)	(3.8–11.4)	(5.4–7.5)	
3–14 days	%	*8.7	7.3	10.4	16.7	26.3	11.5	
	95% CI	(3.6–13.7)	(4.0–10.6)	(8.0–12.8)	(13.8–19.6)	(20.4–32.1)	(9.9–13.0)	
15 days or more	%	**0.5	**0.3	1.6	4.4	19.2	2.9	
	95% CI	(–0.1–1.2)	(–0.0–0.6)	(0.9–2.4)	(2.5–6.3)	(13.5–24.9)	(2.2–3.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		22,900	65,100	67,700	34,400	16,100	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had a lot of energy.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E51: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by how often 
felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	How often felt calm and peaceful	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
0 visits	%	93.5	94.8	84.9	76.8	74.3	87.7	
	95% CI	(90.8–96.2)	(93.6–95.9)	(84.0–85.8)	(72.3–81.4)	(65.2–83.4)	(86.3–89.1)	
1 visit	%	4.7	3.1	6.0	10.6	6.5	5.3	
	95% CI	(2.6–6.9)	(2.2–4.1)	(4.2–7.8)	(7.1–14.1)	(3.7–9.4)	(4.5–6.2)	
2 visits	%	*1.0	*1.3	3.3	6.5	*10.2	3.1	
	95% CI	(0.2–1.9)	(0.6–2.0)	(2.1–4.5)	(4.0–9.0)	(4.6–15.8)	(2.4–3.7)	
3 visits or more	%	**0.6	*0.6	*5.6	6.0	*9.0	3.3	
	95% CI	(–0.3–1.4)	(0.0–1.1)	(1.6–9.6)	(3.5–8.4)	(4.3–13.8)	(2.0–4.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		22,100	83,600	60,100	29,100	11,300	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt calm and peaceful.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E52: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by how often 
been a happy person, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	How often been a happy person	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
0 visits	%	93.2	92.6	81.2	75.9	52.7	87.7	
	95% CI	(90.8–95.6)	(91.7–93.6)	(78.1–84.3)	(68.9–82.8)	(42.6–62.9)	(86.3–89.1)	
1 visit	%	4.7	3.6	8.2	*8.0	*15.6	5.3	
	95% CI	(2.9–6.4)	(2.5–4.6)	(6.1–10.3)	(3.8–12.3)	(7.5–23.7)	(4.5–6.2)	
2 visits	%	*1.1	2.1	4.4	6.6	*14.9	3.1	
	95% CI	(0.4–1.9)	(1.2–3.1)	(2.8–6.1)	(3.4–9.8)	(3.2–26.7)	(2.4–3.7)	
3 visits or more	%	*0.7	*1.4	*6.2	*9.5	*15.8	3.3	
	95% CI	(0.1–1.4)	(0.3–2.6)	(1.3–11.2)	(4.6–14.4)	(5.2–26.5)	(2.0–4.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		35,600	105,400	44,800	16,300	4,300	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often been a happy person.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E53: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by how often felt 
full of life, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	How often felt full of life	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
0 visits	%	93.8	93.3	87.3	81.8	66.5	87.7	
	95% CI	(91.6–96.0)	(91.4–95.2)	(86.2–88.5)	(77.3–86.3)	(58.8–74.3)	(86.3–89.1)	
1 visit	%	3.5	3.2	6.4	8.1	10.5	5.3	
	95% CI	(2.0–5.0)	(2.3–4.2)	(4.5–8.2)	(5.2–11.0)	(7.0–13.9)	(4.5–6.2)	
2 visits	%	*1.5	*2.3	2.2	5.7	8.3	3.1	
	95% CI	(0.6–2.5)	(1.1–3.4)	(1.3–3.2)	(3.2–8.3)	(4.8–11.7)	(2.4–3.7)	
3 visits or more	%	*0.8	*0.9	*4.0	*4.4	*14.7	3.3	
	95% CI	(0.1–1.5)	(0.3–1.5)	(0.3–7.7)	(2.0–6.8)	(7.4–22.0)	(2.0–4.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		28,200	74,300	61,400	26,900	15,200	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt full of life.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E54: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by how often 
had a lot of energy, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	How often had a lot of energy	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
0 visits	%	92.4	91.1	91.7	82.9	66.3	87.7	
	95% CI	(89.5–95.2)	(90.5–91.8)	(88.9–94.4)	(78.0–87.8)	(60.2–72.5)	(86.3–89.1)	
1 visit	%	4.7	3.5	4.6	8.8	9.3	5.3	
	95% CI	(2.4–7.0)	(2.3–4.7)	(3.3–6.0)	(6.0–11.6)	(5.9–12.8)	(4.5–6.2)	
2 visits	%	*1.5	*2.8	1.8	4.3	9.0	3.1	
	95% CI	(0.6–2.4)	(1.5–4.2)	(1.1–2.5)	(2.5–6.1)	(5.4–12.5)	(2.4–3.7)	
3 visits or more	%	**0.9	**2.2	*1.9	*4.1	15.1	3.3	
	95% CI	(0.0–1.9)	(–0.8–5.3)	(0.9–2.9)	(0.8–7.3)	(8.5–21.7)	(2.0–4.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		22,900	65,100	67,700	34,400	16,100	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had a lot of energy.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Positive wellbeing – Anger
Table E55: Anger by how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
	How often felt calm and peaceful	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
How often felt easily annoyed or irritated	
A lot	%	5.6	7.0	21.2	38.8	44.1	15.8	
	95% CI	(3.6–7.6)	(5.3–8.7)	(18.3–24.1)	(33.2–44.5)	(35.7–52.4)	(14.3–17.3)	
Some	%	43.2	58.4	63.3	49.2	36.1	54.5	
	95% CI	(37.9–48.4)	(55.3–61.6)	(59.5–67.1)	(43.6–54.9)	(28.0–44.3)	(52.8–56.2)	
Not at all	%	50.9	34.4	15.1	11.9	19.5	28.2	
	95% CI	(46.1–55.8)	(30.7–38.2)	(12.2–18.1)	(8.3–15.6)	(12.8–26.2)	(26.0–30.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had violent thoughts	
A lot	%	*1.5	*1.8	5.6	11.6	*11.1	4.3	
	95% CI	(0.4–2.5)	(0.9–2.8)	(3.9–7.2)	(8.0–15.1)	(4.7–17.5)	(3.6–5.0)	
Some	%	13.4	15.9	24.4	22.6	24.3	18.7	
	95% CI	(10.4–16.4)	(13.5–18.3)	(21.3–27.6)	(18.5–26.6)	(17.5–31.1)	(17.1–20.2)	
Not at all	%	84.7	82.2	69.6	65.8	64.3	75.6	
	95% CI	(80.5–88.9)	(79.5–84.9)	(64.9–74.2)	(60.8–70.9)	(56.4–72.2)	(73.9–77.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
A lot	%	*1.2	*1.1	4.4	10.8	*9.1	3.4	
	95% CI	(0.2–2.1)	(0.5–1.7)	(2.5–6.2)	(7.4–14.2)	(3.8–14.4)	(2.8–4.1)	
Some	%	9.8	11.7	22.8	25.7	22.2	16.2	
	95% CI	(6.7–12.9)	(9.8–13.5)	(19.7–26.0)	(20.5–30.8)	(14.2–30.1)	(14.8–17.6)	
Not at all	%	88.8	87.1	72.5	63.5	68.3	78.9	
	95% CI	(84.9–92.7)	(85.5–88.8)	(67.8–77.2)	(59.7–67.3)	(60.7–76.0)	(77.7–80.1)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often got into a lot of arguments	
A lot	%	*2.0	2.5	6.6	15.1	16.6	5.6	
	95% CI	(0.7–3.2)	(1.5–3.5)	(5.0–8.2)	(10.8–19.4)	(10.7–22.5)	(4.7–6.5)	
Some	%	16.2	24.0	40.1	41.2	36.1	29.3	
	95% CI	(12.8–19.6)	(21.4–26.7)	(35.9–44.4)	(35.9–46.4)	(27.1–45.2)	(27.3–31.3)	
Not at all	%	81.6	73.2	53.0	43.7	47.0	63.7	
	95% CI	(77.1–86.1)	(69.8–76.6)	(48.9–57.1)	(38.4–49.0)	(39.7–54.3)	(61.6–65.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
(continued)

Table E55 (continued): Anger by how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over, 2004–05
	How often felt calm and peaceful	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
How often shouting or throwing things	
A lot	%	*0.9	1.7	5.4	13.0	10.1	4.2	
	95% CI	(0.3–1.5)	(1.0–2.4)	(3.9–6.8)	(8.8–17.2)	(6.0–14.1)	(3.5–4.9)	
Some	%	14.6	19.1	29.1	29.9	23.0	22.2	
	95% CI	(11.3–17.8)	(16.7–21.6)	(25.3–32.9)	(26.0–33.9)	(16.3–29.7)	(20.6–23.8)	
Not at all	%	84.3	78.9	65.2	57.0	66.9	72.1	
	95% CI	(79.2–89.4)	(75.5–82.3)	(60.7–69.6)	(51.7–62.3)	(58.3–75.6)	(70.3–73.9)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	38,500	107,200	66,000	30,100	12,500	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt calm and peaceful.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable anger.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E56: Anger by how often been a happy person, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
	How often been a happy person	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
How often felt easily annoyed or irritated	
A lot	%	7.7	8.6	29.9	47.7	60.5	15.8	
	95% CI	(5.6–9.7)	(6.9–10.2)	(25.8–34.0)	(41.2–54.2)	(46.7–74.4)	(14.3–17.3)	
Some	%	44.2	62.2	56.9	41.7	24.8	54.5	
	95% CI	(40.4–48.1)	(59.2–65.2)	(52.5–61.3)	(34.1–49.4)	(16.7–33.0)	(52.8–56.2)	
Not at all	%	47.6	29.0	13.0	10.3	*14.6	28.2	
	95% CI	(43.3–51.9)	(25.7–32.3)	(10.1–15.9)	(6.2–14.5)	(6.3–22.9)	(26.0–30.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had violent thoughts	
A lot	%	*1.8	2.3	8.2	14.4	*15.5	4.3	
	95% CI	(0.8–2.7)	(1.5–3.1)	(5.8–10.5)	(9.4–19.4)	(7.5–23.5)	(3.6–5.0)	
Some	%	12.7	17.6	25.9	27.0	25.5	18.7	
	95% CI	(10.2–15.1)	(15.1–20.1)	(22.6–29.3)	(21.4–32.7)	(15.5–35.5)	(17.1–20.2)	
Not at all	%	85.2	79.9	65.7	57.9	59.0	75.6	
	95% CI	(82.4–87.9)	(76.9–82.9)	(60.3–71.0)	(50.1–65.6)	(46.5–71.5)	(73.9–77.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
(continued)

Table E56 (continued): Anger by how often been a happy person, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over, 2004–05
	How often been a happy person	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
A lot	%	*1.1	1.9	5.9	13.1	16.8	3.4	
	95% CI	(0.3–1.9)	(1.0–2.7)	(3.8–8.0)	(8.3–17.8)	(8.9–24.7)	(2.8–4.1)	
Some	%	9.6	14.3	24.3	28.5	31.8	16.2	
	95% CI	(7.2–12.0)	(12.1–16.4)	(21.1–27.5)	(22.7–34.4)	(18.3–45.3)	(14.8–17.6)	
Not at all	%	88.9	83.8	69.7	57.9	51.4	78.9	
	95% CI	(88.2–89.6)	(81.9–85.6)	(65.1–74.3)	(50.6–65.2)	(40.3–62.6)	(77.7–80.1)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often got into a lot of arguments	
A lot	%	3.2	2.9	9.0	18.5	29.3	5.6	
	95% CI	(1.9–4.6)	(1.9–3.8)	(6.9–11.2)	(13.5–23.5)	(16.7–41.9)	(4.7–6.5)	
Some	%	19.2	27.3	41.9	44.6	35.1	29.3	
	95% CI	(16.1–22.3)	(24.4–30.3)	(36.5–47.2)	(38.4–50.9)	(24.2–46.0)	(27.3–31.3)	
Not at all	%	77.2	69.6	49.0	36.3	35.6	63.7	
	95% CI	(74.1–80.3)	(66.0–73.1)	(44.7–53.2)	(29.8–42.9)	(25.5–45.8)	(61.6–65.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often shouting or throwing things	
A lot	%	1.7	2.4	7.5	13.4	19.0	4.2	
	95% CI	(1.0–2.4)	(1.6–3.2)	(5.3–9.6)	(8.6–18.3)	(10.6–27.4)	(3.5–4.9)	
Some	%	18.0	20.0	30.8	29.0	36.3	22.2	
	95% CI	(15.1–20.8)	(17.5–22.5)	(27.1–34.5)	(23.9–34.1)	(24.0–48.6)	(20.6–23.8)	
Not at all	%	79.9	77.4	61.7	57.3	44.3	72.1	
	95% CI	(76.8–82.9)	(74.6–80.1)	(56.8–66.6)	(50.5–64.1)	(32.2–56.5)	(70.3–73.9)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	56,100	128,300	48,700	17,000	4,700	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often been a happy person.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable anger.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E57: Anger by how often felt full of life, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	How often felt full of life	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
How often felt easily annoyed or irritated	
A lot	%	5.4	8.6	18.2	32.5	51.2	15.8	
	95% CI	(3.5–7.3)	(6.6–10.5)	(15.3–21.2)	(26.3–38.8)	(44.0–58.4)	(14.3–17.3)	
Some	%	47.4	58.3	60.8	54.4	35.8	54.5	
	95% CI	(42.6–52.2)	(54.8–61.8)	(57.2–64.4)	(49.1–59.7)	(29.4–42.2)	(52.8–56.2)	
Not at all	%	46.6	32.9	20.8	13.0	12.8	28.2	
	95% CI	(41.9–51.2)	(28.9–36.9)	(17.4–24.2)	(9.5–16.5)	(8.2–17.3)	(26.0–30.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had violent thoughts	
A lot	%	*3.1	2.2	4.1	7.8	16.1	4.3	
	95% CI	(1.3–4.9)	(1.3–3.0)	(2.6–5.5)	(5.3–10.2)	(10.8–21.5)	(3.6–5.0)	
Some	%	12.5	16.4	22.0	28.2	21.8	18.7	
	95% CI	(9.4–15.5)	(14.0–18.8)	(19.1–25.0)	(23.3–33.1)	(16.5–27.1)	(17.1–20.2)	
Not at all	%	83.8	81.3	73.8	63.9	61.5	75.6	
	95% CI	(81.8–85.8)	(78.2–84.5)	(69.8–77.8)	(59.6–68.1)	(53.2–69.8)	(73.9–77.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
A lot	%	*1.6	*1.8	3.7	5.6	14.2	3.4	
	95% CI	(0.6–2.7)	(0.7–2.9)	(2.4–5.0)	(3.8–7.4)	(9.3–19.1)	(2.8–4.1)	
Some	%	9.0	13.7	20.2	25.8	20.8	16.2	
	95% CI	(6.4–11.5)	(11.3–16.0)	(17.7–22.8)	(21.4–30.3)	(15.3–26.2)	(14.8–17.6)	
Not at all	%	88.9	84.5	76.0	68.6	64.5	78.9	
	95% CI	#	(82.1–86.9)	(71.6–80.3)	(64.9–72.2)	(56.7–72.2)	(77.7–80.1)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often got into a lot of arguments	
A lot	%	2.7	3.4	5.7	11.2	17.1	5.6	
	95% CI	(1.4–3.9)	(2.1–4.8)	(4.3–7.2)	(8.2–14.3)	(12.1–22.0)	(4.7–6.5)	
Some	%	22.5	24.5	36.0	41.1	31.9	29.3	
	95% CI	(19.0–26.1)	(21.0–28.0)	(32.2–39.8)	(35.1–47.0)	(26.2–37.6)	(27.3–31.3)	
Not at all	%	74.3	71.9	58.2	47.6	50.5	63.7	
	95% CI	(71.2–77.5)	(67.9–75.8)	(54.0–62.4)	(42.8–52.5)	(42.6–58.4)	(61.6–65.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often shouting or throwing things	
A lot	%	*1.5	2.7	4.3	7.6	15.0	4.2	
	95% CI	(0.5–2.4)	(1.8–3.7)	(3.1–5.5)	(4.9–10.2)	(10.0–20.0)	(3.5–4.9)	
Some	%	16.8	19.0	27.6	30.9	22.7	22.2	
	95% CI	(13.7–19.9)	(16.3–21.7)	(24.4–30.7)	(25.8–36.0)	(16.6–28.8)	(20.6–23.8)	
Not at all	%	81.2	78.0	68.1	61.5	61.9	72.1	
	95% CI	(78.9–83.5)	(74.5–81.6)	(63.9–72.3)	(57.7–65.3)	(53.4–70.4)	(70.3–73.9)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	45,600	95,400	68,600	28,700	16,000	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
# 	Upper and lower confidence limits could not be calculated (refer to Appendix C).
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt full of life.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable anger.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E58: Anger by how often had a lot of energy, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	How often had a lot of energy	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
How often felt easily annoyed or irritated	
A lot	%	7.3	8.3	15.1	32.1	42.1	15.8	
	95% CI	(5.1–9.5)	(6.7–9.9)	(12.1–18.0)	(26.7–37.5)	(35.0–49.3)	(14.3–17.3)	
Some	%	44.4	57.1	62.1	54.0	39.7	54.5	
	95% CI	(39.1–49.8)	(52.8–61.5)	(58.9–65.4)	(49.3–58.7)	(32.4–46.9)	(52.8–56.2)	
Not at all	%	47.6	34.4	22.6	13.7	18.2	28.2	
	95% CI	(41.8–53.3)	(30.5–38.3)	(19.1–26.0)	(10.4–17.0)	(13.5–22.9)	(26.0–30.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had violent thoughts	
A lot	%	*3.9	2.8	4.0	5.5	12.6	4.3	
	95% CI	(1.7–6.0)	(1.7–3.8)	(2.7–5.4)	(3.8–7.2)	(7.8–17.4)	(3.6–5.0)	
Some	%	15.0	17.8	20.6	22.2	17.8	18.7	
	95% CI	(11.3–18.7)	(15.0–20.6)	(17.9–23.4)	(18.1–26.3)	(12.6–22.9)	(17.1–20.2)	
Not at all	%	80.8	79.1	75.2	72.1	69.6	75.6	
	95% CI	(77.1–84.5)	(75.6–82.7)	(71.5–78.9)	(67.9–76.3)	(63.1–76.2)	(73.9–77.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
A lot	%	*1.6	1.8	3.5	5.7	10.8	3.4	
	95% CI	(0.6–2.7)	(1.0–2.6)	(2.0–5.0)	(3.8–7.6)	(6.4–15.2)	(2.8–4.1)	
Some	%	10.1	14.0	18.2	22.7	20.7	16.2	
	95% CI	(7.3–12.9)	(11.4–16.5)	(15.5–20.9)	(18.7–26.7)	(15.4–26.0)	(14.8–17.6)	
Not at all	%	88.1	84.0	78.1	71.4	68.4	78.9	
	95% CI	(85.2–90.9)	(81.9–86.1)	(74.9–81.4)	(67.8–75.0)	(61.5–75.3)	(77.7–80.1)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often got into a lot of arguments	
A lot	%	4.0	3.7	5.4	7.4	16.4	5.6	
	95% CI	(2.2–5.7)	(2.6–4.8)	(3.9–6.9)	(5.2–9.6)	(11.3–21.6)	(4.7–6.5)	
Some	%	22.1	25.5	32.8	40.5	27.1	29.3	
	95% CI	(18.2–25.9)	(21.8–29.3)	(29.5–36.1)	(34.9–46.0)	(21.5–32.8)	(27.3–31.3)	
Not at all	%	73.3	70.6	61.7	52.0	56.4	63.7	
	95% CI	(68.6–77.9)	(67.5–73.7)	(57.9–65.4)	(47.3–56.6)	(49.0–63.9)	(61.6–65.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often shouting or throwing things	
A lot	%	2.1	3.9	3.6	6.3	9.4	4.2	
	95% CI	(1.2–2.9)	(2.7–5.0)	(2.5–4.7)	(4.2–8.4)	(5.9–13.0)	(3.5–4.9)	
Some	%	17.4	20.8	22.8	28.4	27.9	22.2	
	95% CI	(14.2–20.7)	(17.8–23.8)	(20.2–25.3)	(23.1–33.6)	(21.8–34.1)	(20.6–23.8)	
Not at all	%	79.8	75.1	73.5	65.3	62.6	72.1	
	95% CI	(76.1–83.6)	(71.4–78.8)	(69.6–77.4)	(61.4–69.1)	(54.6–70.7)	(70.3–73.9)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	36,900	84,900	78,300	37,300	17,100	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had a lot of energy.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable anger.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Positive Wellbeing – Life stressors
Table E59: Life stressors by how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	How often felt calm and peaceful	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Number of life stressors	
Average stressors	no.	2.0	2.2	2.9	3.2	3.6	2.5	
	95% CI	(1.8–2.2)	(2.0–2.4)	(2.7–3.2)	(3.0–3.5)	(2.9–4.3)	(2.4–2.7)	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)		38,500	107,200	66,000	30,100	12,500	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt calm and peaceful.	
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E60: Stressors by how often been a happy person, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
	How often been a happy person	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Number of life stressors	
Average stressors	no.	2.2	2.5	2.8	3.5	3.3	2.5	
	95% CI	(1.9–2.4)	(2.3–2.7)	(2.6–3.0)	(3.0–4.0)	(2.6–4.0)	(2.4–2.7)	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)		56,100	128,300	48,700	17,000	4,700	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often been a happy person.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E61: Life stressors by how often felt full of life, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
	How often felt full of life	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Number of life stressors							
Average stressors	no.	2.3	2.2	2.7	3.2	3.6	2.5	
	95% CI	(2.0–2.5)	(2.0–2.4)	(2.4–2.9)	(2.9–3.5)	(3.1–4.1)	(2.4–2.7)	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)		45,600	95,400	68,600	28,700	16,000	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt full of life.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E62: Stressors by how often had a lot of energy, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
	How often had a lot of energy	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Number of life stressors							
Average stressors	no.	2.5	2.3	2.5	3.1	3.3	2.5	
	95% CI	(2.2–2.8)	(2.1–2.4)	(2.2–2.7)	(2.8–3.4)	(2.9–3.8)	(2.4–2.7)	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)	36,900	84,900	78,300	37,300	17,100	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had a lot of energy.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Positive wellbeing – Discrimination
Table E63: Discrimination by how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	How often felt calm and peaceful	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people	
Worse	%	2.9	3.0	4.5	6.7	*6.2	4.0	
	95% CI	(1.6–4.2)	(2.1–3.9)	(2.6–6.5)	(4.0–9.3)	(2.6–9.8)	(3.1–4.8)	
Same	%	81.4	84.3	85.8	78.9	75.8	83.0	
	95% CI	(76.4–86.4)	(81.1–87.6)	(81.9–89.6)	(74.5–83.4)	(69.1–82.6)	(80.9–85.1)	
Better	%	9.0	3.5	4.1	8.0	*10.4	5.4	
	95% CI	(5.8–12.1)	(2.5–4.5)	(2.9–5.3)	(5.2–10.7)	(3.7–17.0)	(4.4–6.4)	
Only encountered Indigenous people	%	*1.4	2.1	1.5	*3.2	*2.6	2.0	
	95% CI	(0.5–2.2)	(1.3–2.9)	(0.8–2.3)	(1.2–5.2)	(0.6–4.5)	(1.5–2.5)	
Did not seek health care	%	5.4	7.1	4.1	*3.2	*5.1	5.6	
	95% CI	(3.4–7.4)	(4.8–9.3)	(2.5–5.6)	(1.2–5.2)	(1.0–9.1)	(4.4–6.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		36,900	99,700	60,800	27,200	11,800	238,900	
Whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander	
Yes	%	9.4	14.1	16.9	22.4	23.8	15.6	
	95% CI	(6.7–12.0)	(11.8–16.4)	(14.3–19.6)	(18.6–26.3)	(15.3–32.3)	(14.1–17.2)	
No	%	90.3	85.6	83.1	76.9	76.2	83.7	
	95% CI	(87.2–93.5)	(83.4–87.9)	(79.5–86.6)	(71.1–82.7)	(71.1–81.3)	(82.0–85.4)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)		38,500	107,200	66,000	30,100	12,500	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt calm and peaceful.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable treatment when seeking health care compared to non-Indigenous people (8%).
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E64: Discrimination by how often been a happy person, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over, 2004–05	
	How often been a happy person	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people	
Worse	%	2.8	2.9	5.2	11.6	*10.7	4.0	
	95% CI	(1.7–3.8)	(2.0–3.7)	(3.1–7.4)	(7.0–16.2)	(2.8–18.7)	(3.1–4.8)	
Same	%	81.4	85.4	81.4	78.1	79.7	83.0	
	95% CI	(78.2–84.7)	(82.4–88.4)	(77.1–85.7)	(77.2–83.9)	(71.0–88.4)	(80.9–85.1)	
Better	%	7.9	4.5	4.5	*5.3	*5.7	5.4	
	95% CI	(5.3–10.5)	(3.3–5.7)	(3.1–5.8)	(2.1–8.4)	(0.5–11.0)	(4.4–6.4)	
Only encountered Indigenous people	%	*1.8	1.9	*1.9	*3.6	**0.5	2.0	
	95% CI	(0.8–2.8)	(1.2–2.7)	(0.9–2.9)	(0.8–6.4)	(–0.5–1.6)	(1.5–2.5)	
Did not seek health care	%	6.0	5.3	*7.0	**1.5	**3.3	5.6	
	95% CI	(4.0–8.1)	(3.7–6.8)	(3.6–10.4)	(–0.4–3.5)	(–1.4–8.0)	(4.4–6.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		53,700	118,200	45,400	15,500	4,200	238,900	
Whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander	
Yes	%	10.2	14.8	19.1	25.9	25.5	15.6	
	95% CI	(8.2–12.3)	(12.7–17.0)	(15.2–23.1)	(20.4–31.5)	(16.6–34.3)	(14.1–17.2)	
No	%	89.3	85.0	80.7	73.8	74.5	83.7	
	95% CI	(85.8–92.7)	(83.0–87.1)	(78.0–83.5)	(67.5–80.0)	(63.1–86.0)	(82.0–85.4)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)		56,100	128,300	48,700	17,000	4,700	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often been a happy person.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable treatment when seeking health care compared to non-Indigenous people (8%).
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E65: Discrimination by how often felt full of life, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
	How often felt full of life	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people	
Worse	%	2.3	3.6	3.9	5.5	9.5	4.0	
	95% CI	(1.3–3.3)	(2.2–5.0)	(2.5–5.2)	(2.9–8.1)	(5.6–13.4)	(3.1–4.8)	
Same	%	79.8	84.6	84.8	82.7	79.1	83.0	
	95% CI	(75.4–84.3)	(80.6–88.5)	(81.5–88.1)	(77.2–88.3)	(75.3–82.9)	(80.9–85.1)	
Better	%	8.3	4.4	4.1	5.2	*7.2	5.4	
	95% CI	(5.1–11.5)	(3.2–5.5)	(2.9–5.4)	(3.2–7.3)	(3.4–11.0)	(4.4–6.4)	
Only encountered Indigenous people	%	*2.2	1.8	1.6	*2.8	**2.8	2.0	
	95% CI	(1.0–3.4)	(1.1–2.6)	(0.8–2.4)	(0.9–4.6)	(–0.0–5.7)	(1.5–2.5)	
Did not seek health care	%	7.4	5.7	5.6	*3.7	**1.3	5.6	
	95% CI	(4.9–9.9)	(3.6–7.7)	(3.2–8.0)	(1.8–5.6)	(–0.1–2.7)	(4.4–6.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		42,700	89,100	63,400	26,300	15,000	238,900	
Whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander	
Yes	%	12.0	13.7	16.2	21.9	23.4	15.6	
	95% CI	(9.2–14.8)	(11.4–16.0)	(13.3–19.1)	(17.5–26.3)	(17.3–29.5)	(14.1–17.2)	
No	%	87.6	86.1	83.8	78.0	76.2	83.7	
	95% CI	(83.9–91.2)	(83.6–88.6)	(80.6–86.9)	(74.7–81.3)	(71.2–81.2)	(82.0–85.4)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)		45,600	95,400	68,600	28,700	16,000	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt full of life.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable treatment when seeking health care compared to non-Indigenous people (8%).
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E66: Discrimination by how often had a lot of energy, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05
	How often had a lot of energy	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people	
Worse	%	2.9	3.4	3.6	5.3	8.5	4.0	
	95% CI	(1.5–4.2)	(1.9–5.0)	(2.5–4.8)	(3.2–7.3)	(5.0–11.9)	(3.1–4.8)	
Same	%	77.0	84.9	83.7	85.1	81.6	83.0	
	95% CI	(73.1–80.9)	(81.7–88.2)	(80.2–87.2)	(80.8–89.3)	(77.2–86.0)	(80.9–85.1)	
Better	%	11.0	3.7	4.6	4.4	*6.2	5.4	
	95% CI	(6.9–15.2)	(2.6–4.8)	(3.3–5.9)	(2.4–6.4)	(3.0–9.5)	(4.4–6.4)	
Only encountered Indigenous people	%	*1.7	1.9	2.2	*2.3	**1.4	2.0	
	95% CI	(0.7–2.6)	(1.1–2.6)	(1.3–3.2)	(0.9–3.8)	(0.0–2.8)	(1.5–2.5)	
Did not seek health care	%	7.4	6.1	5.8	*3.0	**2.2	5.6	
	95% CI	(4.9–9.9)	(3.6–8.5)	(3.4–8.2)	(1.4–4.5)	(–0.0–4.5)	(4.4–6.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		34,700	79,100	72,300	34,700	16,000	238,900	
Whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander	
Yes	%	12.8	14.4	14.8	20.6	20.4	15.6	
	95% CI	(8.8–16.9)	(12.2–16.7)	(12.1–17.6)	(16.2–24.9)	(15.7–25.0)	(14.1–17.2)	
No	%	86.6	85.3	85.2	79.4	79.2	83.7	
	95% CI	(82.2–91.0)	(82.2–88.4)	(82.1–88.2)	(76.0–82.7)	(74.3–84.2)	(82.0–85.4)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)		36,900	84,900	78,300	37,300	17,100	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had a lot of energy.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable treatment when seeking health care compared to non-Indigenous people (8%).
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Positive Wellbeing – Cultural identification
Table E67: Cultural identification by how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05
	How often felt calm and peaceful	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan	
Yes	%	43.1	45.4	46.6	46.8	50.2	45.7	
	95% CI	(36.9–49.4)	(40.9–49.9)	(42.3–50.9)	(40.5–53.1)	(39.4–60.9)	(42.4–49.1)	
No	%	50.5	52.0	49.4	49.6	46.0	50.3	
	95% CI	(44.1–56.9)	(47.6–56.4)	(43.3–55.6)	(42.9–56.2)	(36.6–55.4)	(47.1–53.5)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(b)		21,900	79,900	47,900	24,100	9,500	185,500	
Whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland	
Recognises homelands and								
currently lives there	%	15.3	15.8	15.6	9.0	20.9	15.0	
	95% CI	(9.3–21.3)	(12.4–19.1)	(12.1–19.2)	(5.6–12.3)	(12.5–29.3)	(12.7–17.3)	
does not currently live there but       allowed to visit	%	44.7	42.4	42.0	50.7	42.4	43.6	
	95% CI	(38.5–51.0)	(38.0–46.9)	(36.9–47.1)	(43.8–57.6)	(32.7–52.1)	(40.4–46.7)	
does not currently live there and not allowed to visit	%	**0.8	**0.6	**0.4	**0.5	**1.2	*0.6	
	95% CI	(–0.2–1.7)	(–0.0–1.2)	(–0.2–1.0)	(–0.4–1.3)	(–0.8–3.2)	(0.2–0.9)	
Doesn’t recognise homelands	%	33.9	38.7	39.9	37.7	33.7	38.0	
	95% CI	(27.3–40.6)	(34.9–42.5)	(33.4–46.5)	(31.6–43.7)	(24.7–42.8)	(35.0–41.0)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)		21,900	79,900	47,900	24,100	9,500	185,500	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt calm and peaceful.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan.
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E68: Cultural identity by how often been a happy person, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over, 2004–05
	How often been a happy person	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan	
Yes	%	48.4	44.7	48.0	44.4	43.9	45.7	
	95% CI	(42.2–54.7)	(40.6–48.7)	(42.9–53.2)	(36.2–52.5)	(27.9–59.9)	(42.4–49.1)	
No	%	47.1	52.0	48.9	50.9	51.1	50.3	
	95% CI	(41.4–52.8)	(47.5–56.5)	(42.3–55.6)	(42.4–59.3)	(38.7–63.6)	(47.1–53.5)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		31,900	98,300	36,100	13,600	3,700	185,500	
Whether recognises homelands/ lives on homelands/ allowed to visit homelands	
Recognises homelands and								
currently lives there	%	17.4	14.0	17.1	10.2	*19.7	15.0	
	95% CI	(13.3–21.5)	(11.2–16.7)	(12.1–22.2)	(5.9–14.5)	(7.9–31.5)	(12.7–17.3)	
does not currently live there but       allowed to visit	%	43.5	44.5	41.6	46.3	36.8	43.6	
	95% CI	(36.8–50.3)	(40.7–48.3)	(36.5–46.7)	(37.8–54.7)	(23.7–49.9)	(40.4–46.7)	
does not currently live there and not allowed to visit	%	**0.9	*0.7	**0.0	**1.0	0.0	*0.6	
	95% CI	(0.0–1.7)	(0.1–1.2)	(–0.0–0.1)	(–0.6–2.6)	. .	(0.2–0.9)	
Doesn’t recognise homelands	%	33.3	38.6	39.8	39.9	39.0	38.0	
	95% CI	(27.7–38.9)	(34.8–42.4)	(32.8–46.9)	(30.7–49.1)	(25.6–52.4)	(35.0–41.0)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)		31,900	98,300	36,100	13,600	3,700	185,500	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
. .	Not applicable.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often been a happy person.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan.
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E69: Cultural identity by how often felt full of life, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	How often felt full of life	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan	
Yes	%	47.8	45.1	43.6	53.4	42.5	45.7	
	95% CI	(40.7–55.0)	(41.0–49.3)	(38.4–48.8)	(46.1–60.8)	(33.4–51.7)	(42.4–49.1)	
No	%	47.5	51.8	52.4	42.9	54.5	50.3	
	95% CI	(40.6–54.5)	(46.4–57.2)	(47.1–57.7)	(37.1–48.7)	(46.8–62.2)	(47.1–53.5)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		24,700	71,200	51,600	22,900	13,100	185,500	
Whether recognises homelands/ lives on homelands/ allowed to visit homelands	
Recognises homelands and								
currently lives there	%	15.4	14.3	15.8	16.7	12.5	15.0	
	95% CI	(10.3–20.4)	(11.0–17.5)	(11.6–20.0)	(10.1–23.3)	(7.1–17.9)	(12.7–17.3)	
does not currently live there but       allowed to visit	%	43.5	43.6	40.8	47.8	49.0	43.6	
	95% CI	(37.3–49.8)	(39.8–47.4)	(36.0–45.7)	(42.4–53.3)	(40.2–57.8)	(40.4–46.7)	
does not currently live there and not allowed to visit	%	**0.7	**0.7	**0.3	**0.6	**0.8	*0.6	
	95% CI	(–0.2–1.5)	(–0.0–1.4)	(–0.2–0.9)	(–0.2–1.4)	(–0.8–2.4)	(0.2–0.9)	
Doesn’t recognise homelands	%	35.6	38.9	41.0	33.3	34.4	38.0	
	95% CI	(28.4–42.7)	(34.1–43.7)	(35.0–46.9)	(27.3–39.3)	(26.7–42.1)	(35.0–41.0)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)		24,700	71,200	51,600	22,900	13,100	185,500	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt full of life.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan.
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E70: Cultural identity by how often had a lot of energy, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
	How often had a lot of energy	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan	
Yes	%	47.9	45.1	44.3	51.0	42.9	45.7	
	95% CI	(40.1–55.7)	(39.9–50.2)	(39.6–48.9)	(44.7–57.2)	(34.8–51.1)	(42.4–49.1)	
No	%	47.0	52.0	51.3	46.1	54.2	50.3	
	95% CI	(39.2–54.9)	(46.9–57.0)	(45.8–56.8)	(39.8–52.5)	(47.7–60.7)	(47.1–53.5)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	18,600	62,800	58,000	30,000	14,100	185,500	
Whether recognises homelands/ lives on homelands/ allowed to visit homelands	
Recognises homelands and								
currently lives there	%	18.0	13.5	15.9	15.2	14.3	15.0	
	95% CI	(11.9–24.0)	(10.1–16.9)	(11.8–20.0)	(9.8–20.6)	(8.4–20.2)	(12.7–17.3)	
does not currently live there but allowed to visit	%	43.9	40.9	44.2	48.0	44.6	43.6	
	95% CI	(36.4–51.4)	(36.6–45.3)	(39.1–49.3)	(41.9–54.1)	(36.9–52.4)	(40.4–46.7)	
does not currently live there and not allowed to visit	%	**0.5	**0.7	**0.0	**1.1	**1.2	*0.6	
	95% CI	(–0.2–1.2)	(–0.0–1.5)	(–0.0–0.1)	(–0.0–2.3)	(–0.8–3.2)	(0.2–0.9)	
Doesn’t recognise homelands	%	33.4	41.7	38.0	33.4	37.8	38.0	
	95% CI	(26.2–40.7)	(36.8–46.6)	(32.7–43.3)	(28.2–38.6)	(30.0–45.7)	(35.0–41.0)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	18,600	62,800	58,000	30,000	14,100	185,500	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had a lot of energy.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan.
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Positive wellbeing – Removal from family
Table E71: Removal from family by how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05
	How often felt calm and peaceful	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Removal from family  	
Respondent removed (with or without removal of relative)	%	6.7	7.8	9.7	8.6	*9.7	8.2	
	95% CI	(4.7–8.6)	(5.7–9.8)	(7.4–12.0)	(6.2–11.1)	(4.3–15.1)	(7.0–9.4)	
Relative only removed	%	29.1	35.3	38.3	40.8	42.4	35.9	
	95% CI	(24.2–34.1)	(31.4–39.1)	(34.2–42.4)	(35.1–46.6)	(33.7–51.2)	(33.6–38.2)	
Neither self nor family member removed	%	64.2	57.0	52.0	50.5	47.9	55.9	
	95% CI	(58.8–69.6)	(52.7–61.2)	(46.6–57.5)	(43.5–57.5)	(38.2–57.6)	(53.1–58.7)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	33,500	91,000	56,300	24,800	10,300	218,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt calm and peaceful.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable removal from family (17%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E72: Removal from family by how often been a happy person, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05	
	How often been a happy person	
 	 	All of the 
time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Removal from family 	
Respondent removed (with or without removal of relative)	%	7.3	8.2	8.2	10.5	*14.4	8.2	
	95% CI	(5.4–9.2)	(6.3–10.1)	(5.8–10.7)	(6.1–15.0)	(4.0–24.9)	(7.0–9.4)	
Relative only removed	%	30.3	37.2	36.9	45.7	34.0	35.9	
	95% CI	(26.2–34.4)	(33.8–40.5)	(31.9–41.8)	(38.3–53.2)	(20.9–47.1)	(33.6–38.2)	
Neither self nor family member removed	%	62.4	54.6	54.9	43.7	51.5	55.9	
	95% CI	(57.0–67.9)	(51.1–58.1)	(48.1–61.8)	(36.1–51.4)	(40.1–63.0)	(53.1–58.7)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	49,100	108,600	40,700	14,400	3,700	218,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often been a happy person.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on removal from family variable (17%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS. 

Table E73: Removal from family by how often felt full of life, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	How often felt full of life	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Removal from family	
Respondent removed (with or without removal of relative)	%	8.1	7.5	7.1	12.0	12.1	8.2	
	95% CI	(5.9–10.3)	(5.4–9.5)	(5.3–8.9)	(8.1–15.9)	(7.7–16.5)	(7.0–9.4)	
Relative only removed	%	24.8	35.9	40.3	42.0	42.6	35.9	
	95% CI	(20.7–29.0)	(32.3–39.5)	(35.2–45.4)	(35.6–48.3)	(34.2–51.1)	(33.6–38.2)	
Neither self nor family member removed	%	67.0	56.6	52.6	46.0	45.2	55.9	
	95% CI	(61.7–72.4)	(52.9–60.3)	(47.6–57.5)	(39.0–53.1)	(38.5–52.0)	(53.1–58.7)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	39,700	82,000	56,800	24,400	13,100	218,400	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt full of life.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable removal from family (17%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS. 
Table E74: Removal from family by how often had a lot of energy, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05	
	How often had a lot of energy	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Removal from family 	
Respondent removed (with or without removal of relative)	%	7.3	7.8	8.8	7.6	12.3	8.2	
	95% CI	(5.0–9.6)	(5.9–9.6)	(6.3–11.3)	(5.3–9.9)	(8.2–16.5)	(7.0–9.4)	
Relative only removed	%	24.8	34.8	37.6	46.8	38.3	35.9	
	95% CI	(20.2–29.5)	(30.6–39.0)	(33.2–41.9)	(40.9–52.6)	(30.6–45.9)	(33.6–38.2)	
Neither self nor family member removed	%	67.8	57.4	53.6	45.6	49.4	55.9	
	95% CI	(63.6–72.1)	(52.8–62.1)	(48.9–58.3)	(39.9–51.3)	(41.5–57.3)	(53.1–58.7)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	32,000	73,300	65,600	31,300	13,900	218,400	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had a lot of energy.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable removal from family (17%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS. 

Positive wellbeing – Self-assessed health status
Table E75: Self-assessed health status by how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	How often felt calm and peaceful	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Self-assessed health status 	
Excellent/very good	%	46.6	44.9	38.7	25.2	23.0	39.7	
	95% CI	(41.8–51.4)	(41.6–48.2)	(33.5–43.9)	(21.3–29.1)	(16.8–29.2)	(37.7–41.8)	
Good	%	35.1	37.5	36.7	31.5	32.8	36.3	
	95% CI	(31.3–38.8)	(34.1–41.0)	(33.0–40.4)	(27.1–36.0)	(22.7–42.9)	(34.2–38.4)	
Fair/poor	%	18.3	17.6	24.6	43.3	44.3	23.9	
	95% CI	(14.6–22.0)	(15.3–19.8)	(21.9–27.3)	(37.5–49.1)	(36.7–51.8)	(22.0–25.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	38,500	107,200	66,000	30,100	12,500	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt calm and peaceful.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable self-assessed health status.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E76: Self-assessed health status by how often been a happy person, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05	
	How often been a happy person	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Self-assessed health status	
Excellent/very good	%	47.4	44.1	29.8	22.4	12.9	39.7	
	95% CI	(43.3–51.4)	(41.3–47.0)	(24.8–34.9)	(16.7–28.2)	(7.3–18.5)	(37.7–41.8)	
Good	%	35.6	37.3	37.3	27.2	26.0	36.3	
	95% CI	(31.6–39.5)	(34.2–40.4)	(32.6–42.0)	(21.0–33.5)	(15.0–37.1)	(34.2–38.4)	
Fair/poor	%	17.0	18.6	32.8	50.3	61.0	23.9	
	95% CI	(14.3–19.8)	(16.3–20.8)	(28.6–37.1)	(43.0–57.6)	(46.2–75.9)	(22.0–25.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	56,100	128,300	48,700	17,000	4,700	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often been a happy person.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable self-assessed health status.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E77: Self-assessed health status by how often felt full of life, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	How often felt full of life	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Self-assessed health status 	
Excellent/ very good	%	49.0	48.9	36.1	21.3	14.2	39.7	
	95% CI	(44.4–53.6)	(45.1–52.6)	(31.8–40.5)	(17.0–25.5)	(8.1–20.4)	(37.7–41.8)	
Good	%	35.8	35.2	38.8	38.4	24.8	36.3	
	95% CI	(31.3–40.2)	(32.0–38.4)	(35.0–42.6)	(32.1–44.7)	(18.4–31.3)	(34.2–38.4)	
Fair/ poor	%	15.3	16.0	25.0	40.4	60.9	23.9	
	95% CI	(12.4–18.2)	(13.2–18.7)	(21.8–28.3)	(35.7–45.0)	(52.5–69.4)	(22.0–25.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	45,600	95,400	68,600	28,700	16,000	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt full of life.
(b)	Includes missing responses on self-assessed health status.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E78: Self-assessed health status by how often had a lot of energy, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	How often had a lot of energy	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Self-assessed health status  	
Excellent/very good	%	53.5	51.0	34.0	25.3	17.2	39.7	
	95% CI	(48.4–58.6)	(46.5–55.6)	(30.3–37.7)	(20.2–30.4)	(11.0–23.4)	(37.7–41.8)	
Good	%	35.0	35.5	40.3	35.0	23.1	36.3	
	95% CI	(29.6–40.4)	(32.3–38.8)	(36.6–44.1)	(29.8–40.2)	(17.9–28.2)	(34.2–38.4)	
Fair/poor	%	11.5	13.4	25.7	39.7	59.7	23.9	
	95% CI	(8.8–14.2)	(11.4–15.5)	(22.4–29.0)	(35.3–44.0)	(51.7–67.7)	(22.0–25.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	36,900	84,900	78,300	37,300	17,100	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had a lot of energy.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable self-assessed health status.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Positive wellbeing – Long-term health conditions
Table E79: Number of long-term health conditions by how often felt calm and peaceful, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	How often felt calm and peaceful	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Number of long-term health conditions	
0 conditions	%	27.9	21.6	15.9	9.0	10.0	18.9	
	95% CI	(23.1–32.7)	(19.2–24.0)	(12.8–18.9)	(6.1–11.8)	(5.6–14.4)	(17.1–20.6)	
1 condition	%	19.9	20.7	15.9	11.7	13.2	17.9	
	95% CI	(16.2–23.6)	(17.7–23.8)	(13.0–18.7)	(8.8–14.6)	(7.5–19.0)	(16.4–19.4)	
2–3 conditions	%	29.6	30.5	30.4	30.8	24.7	30.3	
	95% CI	(25.6–33.6)	(27.5–33.6)	(26.7–34.0)	(25.8–35.9)	(17.6–31.8)	(28.4–32.1)	
4 conditions or more	%	22.6	27.1	37.9	48.5	52.0	32.9	
	95% CI	(18.5–26.7)	(24.1–30.1)	(33.5–42.3)	(41.9–55.0)	(42.6–61.5)	(30.6–35.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		38,500	107,200	66,000	30,100	12,500	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt calm and peaceful.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable long-term health conditions.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E80: Number of long-term health conditions by how often been a happy person, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	How often been a happy person	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Number of long-term health conditions	
0 conditions	%	26.7	19.2	14.2	8.3	*9.8	18.9	
	95% CI	(22.3–31.1)	(17.0–21.4)	(10.5–17.8)	(4.7–12.0)	(2.9–16.8)	(17.1–20.6)	
1 condition	%	20.6	19.7	13.2	9.3	*15.2	17.9	
	95% CI	(17.5–23.7)	(17.2–22.3)	(9.9–16.5)	(6.0–12.5)	(6.1–24.3)	(16.4–19.4)	
2–3 conditions	%	32.1	30.8	27.3	28.7	*21.0	30.3	
	95% CI	(28.2–35.9)	(27.8–33.8)	(24.2–30.4)	(21.9–35.5)	(8.8–33.1)	(28.4–32.1)	
4 conditions or more	%	20.6	30.3	45.3	53.7	54.0	32.9	
	95% CI	(17.5–23.7)	(27.0–33.5)	(40.2–50.4)	(46.0–61.5)	(42.9–65.2)	(30.6–35.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		56,100	128,300	48,700	17,000	4,700	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often been a happy person.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable long-term health conditions.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E81: Number of long-term health conditions by how often felt full of life, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	How often felt full of life	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Number of long-term health conditions	
0 conditions	%	30.1	22.1	15.6	7.7	*3.5	18.9	
	95% CI	(25.3–34.9)	(19.2–24.9)	(12.5–18.8)	(5.1–10.3)	(1.4–5.5)	(17.1–20.6)	
1 condition	%	21.0	19.6	18.3	11.7	8.6	17.9	
	95% CI	(17.4–24.6)	(16.9–22.3)	(14.9–21.7)	(8.6–14.8)	(5.1–12.1)	(16.4–19.4)	
2–3 conditions	%	29.6	32.5	28.3	32.7	20.1	30.3	
	95% CI	(25.8–33.5)	(29.1–35.9)	(25.4–31.3)	(27.6–37.8)	(13.8–26.3)	(28.4–32.1)	
4 conditions or more	%	19.3	25.9	37.7	47.9	67.9	32.9	
	95% CI	(15.9–22.6)	(22.3–29.5)	(33.4–42.0)	(41.2–54.7)	(60.1–75.6)	(30.6–35.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		45,600	95,400	68,600	28,700	16,000	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt full of life.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable long-term health conditions.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E82: Number of long-term health conditions by how often had a lot of energy, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	How often had a lot of energy	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Number of long-term health conditions	
0 conditions	%	32.7	22.1	16.0	11.3	*4.0	18.9	
	95% CI	(27.5–37.9)	(19.1–25.1)	(13.4–18.6)	(8.3–14.3)	(1.9–6.0)	(17.1–20.6)	
1 condition	%	21.2	20.4	19.3	10.8	7.7	17.9	
	95% CI	(17.1–25.3)	(17.6–23.2)	(16.7–21.9)	(6.6–14.9)	(4.2–11.2)	(16.4–19.4)	
2–3 conditions	%	30.9	33.0	28.8	30.4	19.8	30.3	
	95% CI	(26.5–35.3)	(29.5–36.4)	(25.4–32.1)	(25.6–35.2)	(14.2–25.4)	(28.4–32.1)	
4 conditions or more	%	15.2	24.5	35.9	47.5	68.5	32.9	
	95% CI	(12.1–18.4)	(21.1–27.9)	(31.8–40.1)	(42.7–52.4)	(61.9–75.2)	(30.6–35.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)		36,900	84,900	78,300	37,300	17,100	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had a lot of energy.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable long-term health conditions.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E83: Long-term mental health condition by how often felt calm and peaceful, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	How often felt calm and peaceful	
 	 	All the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Whether has long-term mental health condition	
Long-term mental health condition/s	%	6.2	9.4	24.5	38.9	37.2	17.7	
	95% CI	(3.5–8.8)	(7.7–11.1)	(21.1–27.8)	(33.6–44.1)	(28.8–45.5)	(16.1–19.2)	
No long-term mental health condition/s	%	93.8	90.6	75.5	61.1	62.8	82.3	
	95% CI	(91.8–95.9)	(89.4–91.8)	(71.3–79.8)	(57.6–64.7)	(54.6–71.0)	(80.7–83.9)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	 	38,500	107,200	66,000	30,100	12,500	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt calm and peaceful.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable long-term mental health conditions.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E84: Long-term mental health conditions by how often been a happy person, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	How often been a happy person	
 	 	All the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Whether has long-term mental health condition	
Long-term mental health condition/s	%	6.9	12.6	31.3	44.2	48.9	17.7	
	95% CI	(4.6–9.3)	(10.6–14.6)	(27.1–35.6)	(37.1–51.3)	(37.6–60.2)	(16.1–19.2)	
No long-term mental health condition/s	%	93.1	87.4	68.7	55.8	51.1	82.3	
	95% CI	(90.2–95.9)	(86.2–88.6)	(63.2–74.2)	(49.2–62.3)	(36.2–66.0)	(80.7–83.9)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	 	56,100	128,300	48,700	17,000	4,700	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often been a happy person.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable long-term mental health conditions.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E85: Long-term mental health conditions by how often felt full of life, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05	
	How often felt full of life	
 	 	All the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Whether has long-term mental health condition	
Long-term mental health condition/s	%	7.3	9.7	20.5	37.5	47.6	17.7	
	95% CI	(4.6–10.0)	(7.6–11.9)	(17.6–23.3)	(31.3–43.7)	(40.0–55.3)	(16.1–19.2)	
No long-term mental health condition/s	%	92.7	90.3	79.5	62.5	52.4	82.3	
	95% CI	(89.9–95.5)	(88.0–92.5)	(75.7–83.3)	(58.5–66.6)	(45.7–59.1)	(80.7–83.9)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	 	45,600	95,400	68,600	28,700	16,000	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often been felt full of life.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable long-term mental health conditions.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E86: Long-term mental health conditions by how often had a lot of energy, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	How often had a lot of energy	
 	 	All the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total	
Whether has long-term mental health condition	
Long-term mental health condition/s	%	7.5	10.7	16.0	34.7	45.6	17.7	
	95% CI	(4.5–10.6)	(8.5–12.8)	(13.3–18.6)	(29.6–39.9)	(38.3–52.9)	(16.1–19.2)	
No long-term mental health condition/s	%	92.5	89.3	84.0	65.3	54.4	82.3	
	95% CI	(89.3–95.6)	(88.0–90.7)	(80.8–87.2)	(61.1–69.4)	(47.8–61.1)	(80.7–83.9)	
Total	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people	 	36,900	84,900	78,300	37,300	17,100	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had a lot of energy.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable long-term mental health conditions.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Positive wellbeing – Alcohol consumption
Table E87: Alcohol consumption by how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05	
	How often felt calm and peaceful	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Alcohol consumption	
High risk	%	6.6	7.8	8.8	10.2	7.7	8.4	
	95% CI	(4.6–8.6)	(6.1–9.5)	(6.6–11.0)	(7.2–13.3)	(4.0–11.3)	(7.1–9.6)	
All others(b)	%	91.1	91.2	90.3	89.1	89.8	90.4	
	95% CI	(87.8–94.4)	(89.2–93.3)	(87.5–93.1)	(84.8–93.5)	(84.0–95.7)	(89.2–91.7)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	38,500	107,200	66,000	30,100	12,500	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt calm and peaceful.
(b)		Includes those people who: were considered low risk; medium risk; last consumed alcohol 1 week to less than 12 months ago; last consumed
	alcohol 12 months or more ago; and, time since last consumed alcohol not known.
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable alcohol consumption.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E88: Alcohol consumption by how often been a happy person, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often been a happy person	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Alcohol consumption	
High risk	%	7.2	7.9	9.1	9.5	*10.6	8.4	
	95% CI	(5.2–9.2)	(6.3–9.6)	(6.0–12.2)	(5.5–13.6)	(3.5–17.6)	(7.1–9.6)	
All others(b)	%	91.2	91.0	89.7	83.9	88.5	90.4	
	95% CI	(89.9–92.6)	(89.3–92.8)	(85.8–93.7)	(83.9–94.6)	(78.3–98.7)	(89.2–91.7)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	56,100	128,300	48,700	17,000	4,700	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often been a happy person.
(b)	Includes those people who: were considered low risk; medium risk; last consumed alcohol 1 week to less than 12 months ago; last consumed 
	alcohol 12 months or more ago; and, time since last consumed alcohol not known.
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable alcohol consumption.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E89: Alcohol consumption by how often felt full of life, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over, 2004–05	
How often felt full of life	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Alcohol consumption	
High risk	%	5.7	7.4	10.0	10.4	7.3	8.4	
	95% CI	(3.8–7.5)	(5.6–9.3)	(7.4–12.7)	(7.4–13.5)	(3.7–10.9)	(7.1–9.6)	
All others(b)	%	92.3	91.8	88.8	88.4	91.3	90.4	
	95% CI	(91.0–93.7)	(89.2–94.4)	(85.7–92.0)	(86.3–90.4)	(87.4–95.1)	(89.2–91.7)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	45,600	95,400	68,600	28,700	16,000	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt full of life.
(b)	Includes those people who: were considered low risk; medium risk; last consumed alcohol 1 week to less than 12 months ago; last consumed 
	alcohol 12 months or more ago; and, time since last consumed alcohol not known.
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable alcohol consumption.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E90: Alcohol consumption by how often had a lot of energy, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often had a lot of energy	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Alcohol consumption	
High risk	%	6.4	7.9	9.5	8.4	6.0	8.4	
	95% CI	(4.0–8.7)	(6.0–9.9)	(7.0–12.1)	(6.0–10.8)	(3.2–8.8)	(7.1–9.6)	
All others(b)	%	91.8	91.3	89.1	90.7	92.2	90.4	
	95% CI	(88.9–94.6)	(88.6–94.1)	(87.1–91.0)	(86.7–94.8)	(90.5–93.8)	(89.2–91.7)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	36,900	84,900	78,300	37,300	17,100	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had a lot of energy.
(b)		Includes those people who: were considered low risk; medium risk; last consumed alcohol 1 week to less than 12 months ago; last consumed 
	alcohol 12 months or more ago; and, time since last consumed alcohol not known.
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable alcohol consumption.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Positive wellbeing – Financial stress
Table E91: Financial stress by how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over, 2004–05
How often felt calm and peaceful	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Whether able to raise $2000 in an emergency	
Yes	%	38.4	54.4	44.7	34.1	36.8	46.0	
	95% CI	(32.3–44.5)	(50.0–58.8)	(39.3–50.1)	(28.7–39.4)	(27.4–46.3)	(43.3–48.7)	
No	%	61.6	45.6	55.3	65.9	63.2	54.0	
	95% CI	(57.2–66.0)	(42.0–49.2)	(52.3–58.4)	(61.3–70.5)	(54.1–72.3)	(51.3–56.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	36,400	101,100	61,400	28,500	11,500	242,700	
Financial stress								
No financial stress	%	65.9	67.3	55.5	45.3	48.3	60.4	
	95% CI	(61.1–70.7)	(63.6–71.0)	(50.5–60.5)	(39.2–51.3)	(39.2–57.4)	(58.2–62.2)	
Past financial stress(c)	%	12.0	11.1	14.6	14.7	11.0	12.5	
	95% CI	(8.7–15.2)	(9.2–13.0)	(11.8–17.4)	(11.0–18.4)	(5.8–16.1)	(11.0–13.9)	
Present financial stress(d)	%	20.5	21.0	29.5	39.5	40.4	26.4	
	95% CI	(17.0–24.0)	(18.4–23.7)	(25.9–33.0)	(33.6–45.3)	(32.2–48.6)	(24.6–28.3)	
Total(e)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(e)	38,500	107,200	66,000	30,100	12,500	258,300	
(a)		Includes missing responses on variable how often felt calm and peaceful.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable whether able to raise $2000 in an emergency (6%).
(c)	Whether had days without basic living expenses in the last 12 months.
(d)	Whether had days without basic living expenses in the last 2 weeks.
(e)	Includes missing responses on variable financial stress.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E92: Financial stress by how often been a happy person, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often been a happy person	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Whether able to raise $2000 in an emergency	
Yes	%	42.9	52.2	39.9	30.9	34.8	46.0	
	95% CI	(38.5–47.3)	(48.2–56.3)	(33.5–46.4)	(24.5–37.3)	(22.3–47.3)	(43.3–48.7)	
No	%	57.1	47.8	60.1	69.1	65.2	54.0	
	95% CI	(52.0–62.2)	(44.6–50.9)	(55.8–64.3)	(62.2–76.0)	(51.5–78.9)	(51.3–56.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	51,600	121,400	45,900	16,100	4,300	242,700	
Financial stress	
No financial stress	%	67.5	63.5	52.8	41.0	41.4	60.4	
	95% CI	(63.9–71.1)	(60.0–67.1)	(46.9–58.7)	(33.7–48.3)	(29.9–52.8)	(58.2–62.6)	
Past financial stress(c)	%	10.1	12.7	13.8	17.0	*9.3	12.5	
	95% CI	(8.1–12.1)	(10.7–14.7)	(10.8–16.7)	(11.9–22.1)	(3.0–15.5)	(11.0–13.9)	
Present financial stress(d)	%	21.0	23.3	32.9	42.0	49.1	26.4	
	95% CI	(17.9–24.2)	(20.8–25.8)	(29.5–36.3)	(34.0–49.9)	(36.0–62.2)	(24.6–28.3)	
Total(e)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(e)	56,100	128,300	48,700	17,000	4,700	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often been a happy person.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable whether able to raise $2000 in an emergency (6%).
(c)	Whether had days without basic living expenses in the last 12 months.
(d)	Whether had days without basic living expenses in the last 2 weeks.
(e)	Includes missing responses on variable financial stress.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E93: Financial stress by how often felt full of life, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often felt full of life	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Whether able to raise $2000 in an emergency	
Yes	%	40.7	53.2	46.7	38.2	31.2	46.0	
	95% CI	(35.8–45.7)	(48.9–57.6)	(40.7–52.7)	(31.4–45.0)	(23.2–39.3)	(43.3–48.7)	
No	%	59.3	46.8	53.3	61.8	68.8	54.0	
	95% CI	(53.4–65.2)	(43.5–50.1)	(49.8–56.8)	(56.7–67.0)	(61.2–76.4)	(51.3–56.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	41,900	90,300	64,500	27,200	15,100	242,700	
Financial stress	
No financial stress	%	66.7	66.5	57.0	49.5	41.9	60.4	
	95% CI	(62.6–70.8)	(62.6–70.4)	(52.0–62.0)	(42.8–56.1)	(34.8–49.1)	(58.2–62.6)	
Past financial stress(c)	%	10.4	10.5	14.4	18.9	11.3	12.5	
	95% CI	(7.3–13.6)	(8.5–12.5)	(11.7–17.0)	(14.4–23.5)	(7.5–15.1)	(11.0–13.9)	
Present financial stress(d)	%	21.5	22.3	28.4	31.0	46.2	26.4	
	95% CI	(17.9–25.1)	(19.4–25.2)	(25.5–31.3)	(26.2–35.9)	(39.1–53.3)	(24.6–28.3)	
Total(e)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(e)	45,600	95,400	68,600	28,700	16,000	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt full of life.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable whether able to raise $2000 in an emergency (6%).
(c)	Whether had days without basic living expenses in the last 12 months.
(d)	Whether had days without basic living expenses in the last 2 weeks.
(e)	Includes missing responses on variable financial stress.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E94: Financial stress by how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often had a lot of energy	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Whether able to raise $2000 in an emergency	
Yes	%	38.6	54.2	45.3	44.0	30.8	46.0	
	95% CI	(33.0–44.1)	(49.1–59.2)	(41.1–49.5)	(37.4–50.6)	(22.9–38.7)	(43.3–48.7)	
No	%	61.4	45.8	54.7	56.0	69.2	54.0	
	95% CI	(56.5–66.4)	(42.7–49.0)	(50.9–58.5)	(52.0–60.0)	(62.7–75.7)	(51.3–56.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	33,800	80,300	73,600	35,400	15,900	242,700	
Financial stress	
No financial stress	%	63.3	68.4	58.1	49.6	50.1	60.4	
	95% CI	(58.7–68.0)	(64.2–72.7)	(54.6–61.5)	(43.7–55.5)	(42.7–57.6)	(58.2–62.6)	
Past financial stress(c)	%	10.7	11.4	14.2	14.6	9.8	12.5	
	95% CI	(7.4–14.0)	(9.4–13.4)	(11.4–16.9)	(11.6–17.6)	(6.3–13.3)	(11.0–13.9)	
Present financial stress(d)	%	24.3	19.6	27.3	35.3	39.8	26.4	
	95% CI	(20.1–28.4)	(16.9–22.3)	(24.2–30.5)	(30.1–40.5)	(33.4–46.1)	(24.6–28.3)	
Total(e)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(e)	36,900	84,900	78,300	37,300	17,100	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had a lot of energy.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable whether able to raise $2000 in an emergency (6%).
(c)	Whether had days without basic living expenses in the last 12 months.
(d)	Whether had days without basic living expenses in the last 2 weeks.
(e)	Includes missing responses on variable financial stress.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Positive wellbeing – Labour force status 
Table E95: Labour force status by how often felt calm and peaceful, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often felt calm and peaceful	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Labour force status	
Employed: non-CDEP	%	32.1	48.0	40.7	33.6	30.6	41.1	
	95% CI	(26.4–37.8)	(44.3–51.7)	(35.3–46.0)	(28.4–38.8)	(21.9–39.3)	(38.7–43.4)	
Employed: CDEP	%	17.1	10.7	11.1	9.2	*10.2	11.5	
	95% CI	(13.7–20.6)	(8.7–12.8)	(8.8–13.4)	(6.7–11.7)	(3.6–16.8)	(10.2–12.8)	
Unemployed	%	8.7	6.7	8.3	8.8	*8.1	7.7	
	95% CI	(5.7–11.7)	(5.3–8.2)	(6.3–10.3)	(5.0–12.6)	(3.0–13.2)	(6.6–8.8)	
Not in labour force	%	42.1	34.5	39.9	48.5	51.2	39.8	
	95% CI	(37.5–46.7)	(31.3–37.7)	(36.0–43.8)	(42.4–54.6)	(43.5–58.9)	(37.2–42.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	38,500	107,200	66,000	30,100	12,500	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt calm and peaceful.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable labour force status.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E96: Labour force status by how often been a happy person, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often been a happy person	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Labour force status	
Employed: non-CDEP	%	35.1	47.6	36.8	30.1	*18.2	41.1	
	95% CI	(30.9–39.3)	(44.2–51.1)	(30.7–42.9)	(23.0–37.2)	(7.7–28.7)	(38.7–43.4)	
Employed: CDEP	%	17.9	10.2	9.8	8.5	**4.9	11.5	
	95% CI	(14.2–21.5)	(8.6–11.8)	(7.7–12.0)	(5.5–11.4)	(–0.1–10.0)	(10.2–12.8)	
Unemployed	%	7.1	7.4	9.1	6.8	*13.2	7.7	
	95% CI	(5.0–9.2)	(5.9–8.9)	(6.9–11.4)	(3.8–9.9)	(4.7–21.8)	(6.6–8.8)	
Not in labour force	%	40.0	34.8	44.2	54.6	63.7	39.8	
	95% CI	(35.6–44.3)	(31.6–37.9)	(39.6–48.8)	(47.4–61.8)	(51.3–76.0)	(37.2–42.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	56,100	128,300	48,700	17,000	4,700	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often been a happy person.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable labour force status.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E97: Labour force status by how often felt full of life, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over, 2004–05	
How often felt full of life	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Labour force status	
Employed: non-CDEP	%	35.0	49.3	40.1	34.1	27.3	41.1	
	95% CI	(30.4–39.7)	(44.9–53.7)	(35.1–45.0)	(27.0–41.3)	(19.3–35.2)	(38.7–43.4)	
Employed: CDEP	%	21.0	11.1	9.8	6.6	*3.9	11.5	
	95% CI	(16.8–25.1)	(9.1–13.1)	(7.9–11.7)	(4.6–8.6)	(1.6–6.2)	(10.2–12.8)	
Unemployed	%	7.6	7.4	8.0	8.9	7.1	7.7	
	95% CI	(5.1–10.1)	(5.6–9.3)	(6.1–9.8)	(6.0–11.7)	(3.8–10.4)	(6.6–8.8)	
Not in labour force	%	36.4	32.2	42.2	50.4	61.7	39.8	
	95% CI	(31.9–41.0)	(28.9–35.5)	(38.5–45.9)	(45.6–55.1)	(54.3–69.2)	(37.2–42.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	45,600	95,400	68,600	28,700	16,000	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt full of life.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable labour force status.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E98: Labour force status by how often had a lot of energy, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over, 2004–05
How often had a lot of energy	
 	 	All of the time	Most of the time	Some of the time	A little of the time	None of the time	Total(a)	
Labour force status	
Employed: non-CDEP	%	32.3	48.7	41.1	39.8	26.0	41.1	
	95% CI	(26.9–37.6)	(44.3–53.1)	(37.1–45.2)	(33.4–46.3)	(17.9–34.1)	(38.7–43.4)	
Employed: CDEP	%	22.9	10.6	11.3	6.9	*2.8	11.5	
	95% CI	(18.6–27.1)	(9.1–12.2)	(9.3–13.3)	(4.3–9.5)	(0.9–4.6)	(10.2–12.8)	
Unemployed	%	7.9	8.6	7.4	6.6	*7.4	7.7	
	95% CI	(5.1–10.7)	(6.5–10.7)	(5.7–9.1)	(4.4–8.7)	(3.5–11.2)	(6.6–8.8)	
Not in labour force	%	37.0	32.0	40.2	46.7	63.8	39.8	
	95% CI	(32.0–42.0)	(29.2–34.9)	(35.9–44.5)	(42.3–51.2)	(58.0–69.7)	(37.2–42.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	36,900	84,900	78,300	37,300	17,100	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had a lot of energy.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable labour force status.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Anger – Psychological distress
Table E99: Psychological distress by how often felt easily annoyed or irritated, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often felt easily annoyed or irritated	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Psychological distress				
Low/ moderate	%	33.3	74.8	87.8	71.3	
	95% CI	(28.2–38.4)	(72.3–77.3)	(84.8–90.8)	(69.4–73.2)	
High/ very high	%	66.0	24.7	11.2	27.2	
	95% CI	(61.8–70.2)	(22.2–27.2)	(9.2–13.2)	(25.1–29.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	40,900	140,800	72,900	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt easily annoyed or irritated.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E100: Psychological distress by how often had violent thoughts, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often had violent thoughts	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Psychological distress	
Low/ moderate	%	30.2	56.5	78.0	71.3	
	95% CI	(20.3–40.1)	(52.3–60.7)	(75.7–80.3)	(69.4–73.2)	
High/ very high	%	68.9	43.0	21.3	27.2	
	95% CI	(61.3–76.5)	(39.1–46.9)	(19.1–23.4)	(25.1–29.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	11,100	48,300	195,200	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had violent thoughts.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E101: Psychological distress by how often wanted to break or smash things, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Psychological distress	
Low/ moderate	%	*22.0	48.9	78.8	71.3	
	95% CI	(9.5–34.5)	(43.3–54.5)	(76.6–81.0)	(69.4–73.2)	
High/ very high	%	77.5	50.6	20.6	27.2	
	95% CI	(73.7–81.2)	(45.9–55.2)	(18.8–22.4)	(25.1–29.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	8,900	41,900	203,800	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often wanted to break or smash things.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E102: Psychological distress by how often got into arguments, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often got into arguments	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Psychological distress	
Low/ moderate	%	27.0	58.6	81.8	71.3	
	95% CI	(19.8–34.1)	(54.9–62.3)	(79.3–84.4)	(69.4–73.2)	
High/ very high	%	72.7	40.8	17.4	27.2	
	95% CI	(64.8–80.6)	(37.7–44.0)	(15.6–19.3)	(25.1–29.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	14,500	75,600	164,500	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often got into a lot of arguments.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E103: Psychological distress by how often shouting or throwing things, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often shouting or throwing things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Psychological distress	
Low/ moderate	%	24.2	56.6	79.3	71.3	
	95% CI	(17.4–30.9)	(52.8–60.5)	(77.0–81.6)	(69.4–73.2)	
High/ very high	%	74.9	42.8	20.0	27.2	
	95% CI	(65.2–84.6)	(38.8–46.8)	(18.2–21.9)	(25.1–29.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	10,900	57,300	186,200	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often shouting and throwing things.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Anger – Impact
Table E104: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings by how often felt annoyed or irritated, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often felt annoyed or irritated	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
0 days	%	57.8	81.2	89.5	78.4	
	95% CI	(53.0–62.6)	(79.0–83.5)	(87.1–91.9)	(76.5–80.3)	
1–2 days	%	9.4	6.6	3.5	6.4	
	95% CI	(7.1–11.8)	(5.2–8.0)	(2.0–5.0)	(5.4–7.5)	
3–14 days	%	23.3	9.8	5.9	11.5	
	95% CI	(19.5–27.2)	(7.6–12.1)	(4.2–7.6)	(9.9–13.0)	
15 days or more	%	8.5	2.0	*0.6	2.9	
	95% CI	(6.1–11.0)	(1.2–2.8)	(0.1–1.0)	(2.2–3.6)	
Total(a)(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people	38,800	122,200	45,100	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt annoyed or irritated.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings.
Note:	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E105: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings by how often had violent thoughts, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often had violent thoughts	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
0 days	%	50.6	73.5	82.1	78.4	
	95% CI	(41.0–60.1)	(68.8–78.2)	(80.2–83.9)	(76.5–80.3)	
1–2 days	%	12.6	7.7	5.7	6.4	
	95% CI	(7.2–18.1)	(5.7–9.7)	(4.5–6.8)	(5.4–7.5)	
3–14 days	%	28.8	13.8	9.7	11.5	
	95% CI	(21.3–36.3)	(11.1–16.5)	(7.7–11.7)	(9.9–13.0)	
15 days or more	%	7.1	4.6	2.2	2.9	
	95% CI	(4.4–9.9)	(2.9–6.3)	(1.5–2.8)	(2.2–3.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	10,500	44,200	151,300	207,400	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had violent thoughts.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).	
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E106: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings by how often wanted to break or smash things, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
0 days	%	50.2	67.3	83.0	78.4	
	95% CI	(37.3–63.1)	(61.5–73.0)	(81.2–84.8)	(76.5–80.3)	
1–2 days	%	*9.9	9.1	5.6	6.4	
	95% CI	(4.4–15.3)	(6.6–11.6)	(4.5–6.7)	(5.4–7.5)	
3–14 days	%	30.0	18.2	8.9	11.5	
	95% CI	(22.5–37.5)	(14.9–21.4)	(7.1–10.7)	(9.9–13.0)	
15 days or more	%	9.9	4.9	2.0	2.9	
	95% CI	(6.0–13.9)	(3.0–6.8)	(1.4–2.7)	(2.2–3.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	8,600	39,400	158,200	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses how often wanted to break or smash things.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).	
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E107: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings by how often got into a lot of arguments, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over, 2004–05	
How often got into a lot of arguments	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
0 days	%	49.5	71.6	85.8	78.4	
	95% CI	(41.5–57.5)	(67.5–75.6)	(84.0–87.6)	(76.5–80.3)	
1–2 days	%	12.3	8.2	4.9	6.4	
	95% CI	(7.8–16.8)	(6.5–9.9)	(3.8–6.0)	(5.4–7.5)	
3–14 days	%	28.4	15.8	7.3	11.5	
	95% CI	(22.3–34.5)	(12.0–19.5)	(5.9–8.7)	(9.9–13.0)	
15 days or more	%	9.5	3.9	1.7	2.9	
	95% CI	(5.8–13.3)	(2.7–5.1)	(1.0–2.3)	(2.2–3.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	13,900	68,300	123,800	207,400	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often got into a lot of arguments.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).	
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E108: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings by how often shouting or throwing things, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over, 2004–05	
How often shouting or throwing things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
0 days	%	50.9	72.4	82.9	78.4	
	95% CI	(42.2–59.5)	(68.5–76.3)	(80.8–85.0)	(76.5–80.3)	
1–2 days	%	13.0	8.2	5.4	6.4	
	95% CI	(7.4–18.6)	(6.2–10.1)	(4.2–6.5)	(5.4–7.5)	
3–14 days	%	28.6	14.6	9.2	11.5	
	95% CI	(20.1–37.0)	(12.0–17.1)	(7.2–11.2)	(9.9–13.0)	
15 days or more	%	7.4	4.5	2.0	2.9	
	95% CI	(3.8–10.9)	(2.7–6.2)	(1.4–2.7)	(2.2–3.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	10,500	52,000	143,500	207,400	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often shouting or throwing things.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).	
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E109: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by how often felt easily annoyed or irritated, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often felt easily annoyed or irritated	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
0 visits	%	75.3	90.3	93.2	87.7	
	95% CI	(70.3–80.2)	(88.7–91.9)	(90.5–95.9)	(86.3–89.1)	
1 visit	%	10.2	4.5	3.5	5.3	
	95% CI	(7.3–13.1)	(3.5–5.5)	(2.3–4.7)	(4.5–6.2)	
2 visits	%	6.7	2.3	*2.2	3.1	
	95% CI	(4.5–8.9)	(1.5–3.1)	(0.9–3.4)	(2.4–3.7)	
3 visits or more	%	7.6	*2.8	*0.9	3.3	
	95% CI	(4.2–11.0)	(0.8–4.7)	(0.0–1.7)	(2.0–4.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	38,800	122,200	45,100	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt easily annoyed or irritated.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).	
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E110: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by 
how often had violent thoughts, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often had violent thoughts	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
0 visits	%	77.4	86.6	89.3	87.7	
	95% CI	(68.5–86.3)	(83.7–89.5)	(87.8–90.8)	(86.3–89.1)	
1 visit	%	*9.5	6.1	4.8	5.3	
	95% CI	(3.9–15.1)	(4.3–8.0)	(3.9–5.8)	(4.5–6.2)	
2 visits	%	*6.1	4.8	2.4	3.1	
	95% CI	(1.6–10.6)	(3.1–6.4)	(1.7–3.1)	(2.4–3.7)	
3 visits or more	%	*7.0	2.3	*3.3	3.3	
	95% CI	(2.0–12.0)	(1.2–3.4)	(1.6–5.0)	(2.0–4.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	10,500	44,200	151,300	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had violent thoughts.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).	
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E111: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by how often wanted to break or smash things, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 
2004–05	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
0 visits	%	76.6	84.6	89.6	87.7	
	95% CI	(65.6–87.6)	(80.6–88.6)	(88.2–91.0)	(86.3–89.1)	
1 visit	%	*11.2	7.0	4.7	5.3	
	95% CI	(4.7–17.6)	(4.7–9.2)	(3.7–5.6)	(4.5–6.2)	
2 visits	%	*5.0	4.6	2.6	3.1	
	95% CI	(2.1–7.9)	(2.6–6.5)	(1.9–3.4)	(2.4–3.7)	
3 visits or more	%	*6.7	3.8	*3.0	3.3	
	95% CI	(2.3–11.2)	(2.1–5.4)	(1.4–4.6)	(2.0–4.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	8,600	39,400	158,200	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often wanted to break or smash things.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).	
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E112: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by how often got into a lot of arguments, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often got into a lot of arguments	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings		
0 visits	%	72.4	86.0	91.0	87.7	
	95% CI	(65.7–79.2)	(83.4–88.6)	(89.9–92.0)	(86.3–89.1)	
1 visit	%	11.4	5.4	4.7	5.3	
	95% CI	(7.0–15.8)	(4.0–6.7)	(3.6–5.8)	(4.5–6.2)	
2 visits	%	8.5	3.3	2.3	3.1	
	95% CI	(4.7–12.2)	(2.1–4.6)	(1.5–3.2)	(2.4–3.7)	
3 visits or more	%	*7.4	*5.2	1.8	3.3	
	95% CI	(3.4–11.4)	(1.7–8.7)	(0.9–2.6)	(2.0–4.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	13,900	68,300	123,800	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often got into a lot of arguments.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E113: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by how 
often shouting or throwing things, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
How often shouting or throwing things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
0 visits	%	72.7	88.1	89.2	87.7	
	95% CI	(63.4–82.0)	(85.2–90.9)	(87.4–91.0)	(86.3–89.1)	
1 visit	%	12.0	5.5	4.9	5.3	
	95% CI	(7.2–16.8)	(3.9–7.0)	(3.8–5.9)	(4.5–6.2)	
2 visits	%	*7.2	3.1	2.8	3.1	
	95% CI	(3.5–10.8)	(1.7–4.4)	(2.0–3.6)	(2.4–3.7)	
3 visits or more	%	*7.7	*3.4	*2.9	3.3	
	95% CI	(3.4–12.1)	(1.1–5.7)	(1.3–4.5)	(2.0–4.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	10,500	52,000	143,500	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often shouting or throwing things.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).	
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Anger – Positive wellbeing
Table E114: Positive wellbeing by how often felt easily annoyed or irritated, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often felt easily annoyed or irritated	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
How often felt calm and peaceful	
All/ most of the time	%	23.6	56.3	77.6	56.4	
	95% CI	(19.1–28.0)	(53.2–59.4)	(73.7–81.5)	(54.2–58.6)	
Some of the time	%	34.3	29.7	13.7	25.6	
	95% CI	(30.0–38.5)	(27.1–32.3)	(11.1–16.3)	(23.8–27.4)	
A little/ none of the time	%	42.0	13.7	8.3	16.5	
	95% CI	(37.4–46.6)	(11.8–15.6)	(6.3–10.2)	(14.9–18.0)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often been a happy person	
All/ most of the time	%	37.5	74.3	87.8	71.4	
	95% CI	(32.5–42.5)	(71.4–77.2)	(84.6–91.0)	(69.5–73.3)	
Some of the time	%	35.6	19.7	8.7	18.8	
	95% CI	(30.8–40.4)	(17.4–21.9)	(6.7–10.7)	(17.1–20.6)	
A little/ none of the time	%	26.8	5.9	3.4	8.4	
	95% CI	(23.0–30.6)	(4.7–7.1)	(2.2–4.5)	(7.4–9.4)	
Total(a)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often felt full of life	
All/ most of the time	%	26.0	54.9	72.2	54.6	
	95% CI	(21.4–30.7)	(51.9–57.8)	(68.6–75.7)	(52.8–56.4)	
Some of the time	%	30.6	29.6	19.6	26.6	
	95% CI	(26.1–35.2)	(27.1–32.1)	(16.5–22.7)	(24.8–28.4)	
A little/ none of the time	%	43.0	15.2	7.9	17.3	
	95% CI	(37.9–48.1)	(13.4–16.9)	(6.2–9.7)	(15.8–18.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had a lot of energy	
All/ most of the time	%	23.8	46.1	64.2	47.2	
	95% CI	(20.5–27.1)	(43.0–49.3)	(60.4–68.0)	(45.2–49.2)	
Some of the time	%	28.9	34.5	24.2	30.3	
	95% CI	(23.6–34.1)	(31.9–37.2)	(20.7–27.7)	(28.4–32.2)	
A little/ none of the time	%	47.0	19.1	11.3	21.1	
	95% CI	(42.1–51.8)	(17.1–21.1)	(9.3–13.2)	(19.4–22.7)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	40,900	140,800	72,900	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt easily annoyed or irritated.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable positive wellbeing.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E115: Positive wellbeing by how often had violent thoughts, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often had violent thoughts	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
How often felt calm and peaceful	
All/ most of the time	%	22.8	45.9	61.9	56.4	
	95% CI	(13.5–32.1)	(41.5–50.4)	(59.2–64.5)	(54.2–58.6)	
Some of the time	%	33.1	33.4	23.5	25.6	
	95% CI	(24.8–41.4)	(29.4–37.5)	(21.3–25.8)	(23.8–27.4)	
A little/ none of the time	%	43.7	20.3	14.3	16.5	
	95% CI	(33.3–54.0)	(17.0–23.7)	(12.6–15.9)	(14.9–18.0)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often been a happy person	
All/ most of the time	%	35.5	61.6	77.1	71.4	
	95% CI	(26.3–44.7)	(56.2–67.0)	(74.7–79.4)	(69.5–73.3)	
Some of the time	%	35.8	26.2	16.4	18.8	
	95% CI	(26.8–44.8)	(22.7–29.7)	(14.4–18.3)	(17.1–20.6)	
A little/ none of the time	%	28.5	12.0	6.5	8.4	
	95% CI	(20.4–36.6)	(9.6–14.4)	(5.4–7.5)	(7.4–9.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often felt full of life	
All/ most of the time	%	31.3	44.2	59.3	54.6	
	95% CI	(22.6–40.1)	(39.7–48.7)	(57.1–61.5)	(52.8–56.4)	
Some of the time	%	25.0	31.3	26.0	26.6	
	95% CI	(17.0–33.1)	(27.4–35.2)	(23.8–28.1)	(24.8–28.4)	
A little/ none of the time	%	43.2	24.0	14.5	17.3	
	95% CI	(34.8–51.7)	(20.2–27.9)	(12.9–16.0)	(15.8–18.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had a lot of energy	
All/ most of the time	%	33.8	42.8	49.7	47.2	
	95% CI	(24.7–42.9)	(38.0–47.7)	(47.1–52.3)	(45.2–49.2)	
Some of the time	%	28.3	33.5	30.2	30.3	
	95% CI	(20.0–36.6)	(29.4–37.5)	(27.8–32.5)	(28.4–32.2)	
A little/ none of the time	%	37.7	23.4	19.9	21.1	
	95% CI	(30.3–45.2)	(19.7–27.1)	(18.1–21.6)	(19.4–22.7)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	11,100	48,300	195,200	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had violent thoughts.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable positive wellbeing.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E116: Positive wellbeing by how often wanted to break or smash things, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
How often felt calm and peaceful					
All/ most of the time	%	18.1	38.8	62.6	56.4	
	95% CI	(10.3–25.8)	(34.1–43.6)	(60.1–65.1)	(54.2–58.6)	
Some of the time	%	32.4	36.0	23.5	25.6	
	95% CI	(20.2–44.6)	(31.4–40.6)	(21.3–25.7)	(23.8–27.4)	
A little/ none of the time	%	49.5	25.0	13.6	16.5	
	95% CI	(39.5–59.5)	(20.5–29.5)	(12.1–15.0)	(14.9–18.0)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often been a happy person	
All/ most of the time	%	33.6	56.5	77.2	71.4	
	95% CI	(21.1–46.2)	(50.8–62.1)	(75.1–79.4)	(69.5–73.3)	
Some of the time	%	32.4	28.2	16.6	18.8	
	95% CI	(22.3–42.6)	(24.4–32.0)	(14.8–18.5)	(17.1–20.6)	
A little/ none of the time	%	34.0	15.1	6.0	8.4	
	95% CI	(26.1–41.8)	(12.1–18.2)	(5.0–7.0)	(7.4–9.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often felt full of life	
All/ most of the time	%	27.6	40.8	59.4	54.6	
	95% CI	(16.0–39.2)	(35.7–46.0)	(57.4–61.5)	(52.8–56.4)	
Some of the time	%	28.6	33.1	25.6	26.6	
	95% CI	(19.8–37.5)	(29.4–36.9)	(23.4–27.8)	(24.8–28.4)	
A little/ none of the time	%	43.8	25.6	14.7	17.3	
	95% CI	(37.3–50.2)	(21.9–29.3)	(13.3–16.2)	(15.8–18.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had a lot of energy	
All/ most of the time	%	24.1	37.1	50.9	47.2	
	95% CI	(16.7–31.6)	(32.1–42.2)	(48.7–53.2)	(45.2–49.2)	
Some of the time	%	31.0	34.0	30.0	30.3	
	95% CI	(19.0–43.0)	(29.4–38.6)	(27.8–32.2)	(28.4–32.2)	
A little/ none of the time	%	44.8	28.6	18.8	21.1	
	95% CI	(37.2–52.5)	(24.9–32.4)	(17.2–20.4)	(19.4–22.7)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	8,900	41,900	203,800	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often wanted to break or smash things.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable positive wellbeing.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E117: Positive wellbeing by how often got into a lot of arguments, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often got into a lot of arguments	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
How often felt calm and peaceful					
All/ most of the time	%	24.0	42.3	66.8	56.4	
	95% CI	(16.6–31.4)	(39.1–45.6)	(64.1–69.6)	(54.2–58.6)	
Some of the time	%	30.1	35.1	21.3	25.6	
	95% CI	(24.3–36.0)	(31.3–38.8)	(19.2–23.4)	(23.8–27.4)	
A little/ none of the time	%	45.7	22.3	11.6	16.5	
	95% CI	(37.5–53.9)	(19.4–25.3)	(10.0–13.1)	(14.9–18.0)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often been a happy person	
All/ most of the time	%	38.1	60.7	80.6	71.4	
	95% CI	(29.5–46.7)	(56.8–64.5)	(78.2–83.0)	(69.5–73.3)	
Some of the time	%	30.4	27.0	14.5	18.8	
	95% CI	(24.5–36.3)	(23.1–30.8)	(12.7–16.3)	(17.1–20.6)	
A little/ none of the time	%	31.3	12.2	4.8	8.4	
	95% CI	(25.2–37.5)	(10.2–14.3)	(3.8–5.7)	(7.4–9.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often felt full of life	
All/ most of the time	%	31.2	44.5	62.3	54.6	
	95% CI	(22.5–39.8)	(40.1–48.8)	(59.8–64.7)	(52.8–56.4)	
Some of the time	%	27.2	32.7	24.3	26.6	
	95% CI	(21.4–33.0)	(29.3–36.1)	(22.0–26.6)	(24.8–28.4)	
A little/ none of the time	%	41.3	22.4	13.2	17.3	
	95% CI	(34.8–47.7)	(19.6–25.1)	(11.7–14.8)	(15.8–18.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had a lot of energy	
All/most of the time	%	32.0	39.4	52.9	47.2	
	95% CI	(24.9–39.1)	(35.3–43.5)	(50.4–55.3)	(45.2–49.2)	
Some of the time	%	29.3	34.0	29.3	30.3	
	95% CI	(22.6–36.0)	(30.6–37.3)	(26.9–31.7)	(28.4–32.2)	
Little/none of the time	%	38.5	26.1	17.6	21.1	
	95% CI	(32.0–45.0)	(22.9–29.3)	(15.9–19.4)	(19.4–22.7)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	14,500	75,600	164,500	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often got into a lot of arguments.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable positive wellbeing.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E118: Positive wellbeing by how often shouting or throwing things, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often shouting or throwing things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
How often felt calm and peaceful	
All/ most of the time	%	19.6	45.6	62.9	56.4	
	95% CI	(13.2–26.1)	(41.3–49.8)	(60.0–65.8)	(54.2–58.6)	
Some of the time	%	32.5	33.6	23.1	25.6	
	95% CI	(25.1–39.9)	(29.2–37.9)	(20.9–25.3)	(23.8–27.4)	
A little/ none of the time	%	47.3	20.7	13.7	16.5	
	95% CI	(36.0–58.5)	(17.8–23.7)	(12.0–15.3)	(14.9–18.0)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often been a happy person	
All/ most of the time	%	37.1	62.3	77.4	71.4	
	95% CI	(28.6–45.6)	(57.9–66.7)	(75.0–79.7)	(69.5–73.3)	
Some of the time	%	33.3	26.1	16.1	18.8	
	95% CI	(24.6–41.9)	(22.7–29.6)	(14.2–18.0)	(17.1–20.6)	
A little/ none of the time	%	29.2	11.6	6.3	8.4	
	95% CI	(21.0–37.4)	(9.4–13.8)	(5.3–7.4)	(7.4–9.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often felt full of life	
All/ most of the time	%	30.1	44.9	59.8	54.6	
	95% CI	(21.8–38.4)	(40.8–49.1)	(57.6–62.1)	(52.8–56.4)	
Some of the time	%	27.1	33.0	25.1	26.6	
	95% CI	(20.7–33.4)	(29.3–36.7)	(22.9–27.3)	(24.8–28.4)	
A little/ none of the time	%	42.0	21.8	14.8	17.3	
	95% CI	(32.5–51.4)	(18.5–25.1)	(13.3–16.4)	(15.8–18.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had a lot of energy	
All/ most of the time	%	37.1	42.0	50.1	47.2	
	95% CI	(29.2–45.0)	(37.9–46.1)	(47.6–52.6)	(45.2–49.2)	
Some of the time	%	25.8	31.1	30.9	30.3	
	95% CI	(18.7–32.9)	(27.8–34.3)	(28.5–33.3)	(28.4–32.2)	
A little/ none of the time	%	36.3	26.8	18.8	21.1	
	95% CI	(28.8–43.8)	(22.7–30.9)	(17.1–20.5)	(19.4–22.7)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	10,900	57,300	186,200	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often shouting or throwing things.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable positive wellbeing.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Anger – Life stressors
Table E119: Life stressors by how often felt easily annoyed or irritated, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often felt easily annoyed or irritated	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Number of life stressors	
Average stressors	no.	3.5	2.6	1.9	2.5	
	95% CI	(3.2–3.8)	(2.4–2.8)	(1.8–2.1)	(2.4–2.7)	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)	40,900	140,800	72,900	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt easily annoyed or irritated.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E120: Life stressors by how often had violent thoughts, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often had violent thoughts	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Number of life stressors						
Average stressors	no.	4.1	3.3	2.3	2.5	
	95% CI	(3.7–4.6)	(3.0–3.7)	(2.1–2.4)	(2.4–2.7)	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)	11,100	48,300	195,200	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had violent thoughts.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E121: Life stressors by how often wanted to break or smash things, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Number of life stressors	
Average stressors	no.	4.1	3.4	2.3	2.5	
	95% CI	(3.5–4.8)	(3.1–3.7)	(2.2–2.4)	(2.4–2.7)	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)	8,900	41,900	203,800	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often wanted to break or smash things.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E122: Life stressors by how often got into a lot of arguments, Indigenous persons 
aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often got into a lot of arguments	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Number of life stressors	
Average stressors	no.	3.7	3.2	2.2	2.5	
	95% CI	(3.3–4.1)	(3.0–3.4)	(2.0–2.3)	(2.4–2.7)	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)	14,500	75,600	164,500	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often got into a lot of arguments.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E123: Life stressors by how often shouting or throwing things, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often shouting or throwing things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Number of life stressors	
Average stressors	no.	4.3	3.1	2.3	2.5	
	95% CI	(3.8–4.7)	(2.9–3.4)	(2.1–2.4)	(2.4–2.7)	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)	10,900	57,300	186,200	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often shouting or throwing things.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Anger – Discrimination
Table E124: Discrimination by how often felt easily annoyed or irritated, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
      How often felt easily annoyed or irritated	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people	
Worse	%	7.0	3.7	3.0	4.0	
	95% CI	(4.8–9.2)	(2.6–4.8)	(1.8–4.3)	(3.1–4.8)	
Same	%	81.4	84.3	81.9	83.0	
	95% CI	(76.9–86.0)	(81.9–86.6)	(78.3–85.6)	(80.9–85.1)	
Better	%	6.3	4.6	6.2	5.4	
	95% CI	(4.1–8.4)	(3.6–5.7)	(4.3–8.1)	(4.4–6.4)	
Only encountered Indigenous people	%	2.5	2.2	*1.3	2.0	
	95% CI	(1.4–3.5)	(1.4–2.9)	(0.6–2.0)	(1.5–2.5)	
Did not seek health care	%	*2.8	5.2	7.5	5.6	
	95% CI	(1.3–4.4)	(3.6–6.9)	(4.9–10.1)	(4.4–6.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	37,700	130,100	68,900	238,900	
Whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander	
Yes	%	23.5	16.5	9.3	15.6	
	95% CI	(19.7–27.3)	(14.4–18.5)	(7.4–11.3)	(14.1–17.2)	
No	%	76.5	83.4	90.3	83.7	
	95% CI	(74.0–79.0)	(81.1–85.6)	(86.9–93.7)	(82.0–85.4)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	40,900	140,800	72,900	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt easily annoyed or irritated.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people (8%).
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E125: Discrimination by how often had violent thoughts, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often had violent thoughts	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people	
Worse	%	*9.6	6.4	3.1	4.0	
	95% CI	(4.4–14.8)	(4.1–8.7)	(2.4–3.9)	(3.1–4.8)	
Same	%	79.2	80.7	84.0	83.0	
	95% CI	(73.1–85.4)	(76.6–84.8)	(81.7–86.2)	(80.9–85.1)	
Better	%	*5.3	5.9	5.2	5.4	
	95% CI	(1.7–8.8)	(4.2–7.5)	(4.1–6.3)	(4.4–6.4)	
Only encountered Indigenous people	%	*2.3	1.9	2.0	2.0	
	95% CI	(0.3–4.3)	(1.1–2.8)	(1.4–2.6)	(1.5–2.5)	
Did not seek health care	%	**3.6	5.1	5.7	5.6	
	95% CI	(–1.2–8.5)	(3.1–7.0)	(4.4–7.0)	(4.4–6.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	10,100	43,200	183,500	238,900	
Whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander	
Yes	%	23.8	22.5	13.4	15.6	
	95% CI	(18.6–29.0)	(18.5–26.5)	(12.0–14.9)	(14.1–17.2)	
No	%	76.2	77.4	86.4	83.7	
	95% CI	(68.5–83.9)	(74.0–80.7)	(84.3–88.4)	(82.0–85.4)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	11,100	48,300	195,200	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had violent thoughts.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people (8%).
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E126: Discrimination by how often wanted to break or smash things, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
                                   How often wanted to break or smash things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people	
Worse	%	*10.8	7.1	3.1	4.0	
	95% CI	(4.9–16.8)	(4.8–9.4)	(2.3–3.9)	(3.1–4.8)	
Same	%	82.2	83.1	83.2	83.0	
	95% CI	(71.5–92.8)	(78.1–88.0)	(80.9–85.6)	(80.9–85.1)	
Better	%	*3.9	4.8	5.5	5.4	
	95% CI	(1.3–6.6)	(2.9–6.7)	(4.4–6.6)	(4.4–6.4)	
Only encountered Indigenous people	%	**1.6	*1.4	2.1	2.0	
	95% CI	(–0.2–3.4)	(0.4–2.4)	(1.5–2.7)	(1.5–2.5)	
Did not seek health care	%	*1.5	3.6	6.0	5.6	
	95% CI	(0.1–2.8)	(2.1–5.1)	(4.7–7.4)	(4.4–6.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	8,300	37,800	190,600	238,900	
Whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander	
Yes	%	31.3	21.4	13.7	15.6	
	95% CI	(25.4–37.1)	(17.2–25.6)	(12.1–15.3)	(14.1–17.2)	
No	%	68.7	78.6	86.0	83.7	
	95% CI	(56.5–81.0)	(75.7–81.5)	(84.2–87.9)	(82.0–85.4)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	8,900	41,900	203,800	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often wanted to break or smash things.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people (8%).
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E127: Discrimination by how often got into a lot of arguments, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
              How often got into a lot of arguments	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people	
Worse	%	10.7	5.6	2.6	4.0	
	95% CI	(5.8–15.6)	(3.7–7.6)	(1.9–3.4)	(3.1–4.8)	
Same	%	76.6	81.6	84.6	83.0	
	95% CI	(70.3–82.9)	(78.0–85.2)	(82.0–87.1)	(80.9–85.1)	
Better	%	*7.2	5.9	4.9	5.4	
	95% CI	(3.0–11.3)	(4.1–7.7)	(3.8–6.1)	(4.4–6.4)	
Only encountered Indigenous people	%	*2.1	2.6	1.7	2.0	
	95% CI	(0.5–3.7)	(1.5–3.6)	(1.1–2.3)	(1.5–2.5)	
Did not seek health care	%	*3.5	4.3	6.2	5.6	
	95% CI	(0.6–6.4)	(2.7–6.0)	(4.6–7.7)	(4.4–6.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	13,500	68,900	154,300	238,900	
Whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander	
Yes	%	24.9	20.7	12.5	15.6	
	95% CI	(19.1–30.6)	(17.5–24.0)	(10.8–14.1)	(14.1–17.2)	
No	%	75.1	79.2	87.3	83.7	
	95% CI	(68.6–81.6)	(75.1–83.2)	(85.4–89.2)	(82.0–85.4)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	14,500	75,600	164,500	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often got into a lot of arguments.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people (8%).
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E128: Discrimination by how often shouting or throwing things, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
           How often shouting or throwing things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people	
Worse	%	*8.9	6.4	2.9	4.0	
	95% CI	(3.9–13.9)	(4.2–8.7)	(2.2–3.7)	(3.1–4.8)	
Same	%	82.3	80.5	84.1	83.0	
	95% CI	(75.0–89.6)	(76.5–84.5)	(81.7–86.5)	(80.9–85.1)	
Better	%	*5.0	6.4	5.1	5.4	
	95% CI	(2.1–7.9)	(4.2–8.5)	(4.0–6.2)	(4.4–6.4)	
Only encountered Indigenous people	%	*2.9	*2.1	1.9	2.0	
	95% CI	(0.5–5.2)	(1.0–3.3)	(1.3–2.5)	(1.5–2.5)	
Did not seek health care	%	*0.9	4.6	6.0	5.6	
	95% CI	(0.1–1.8)	(2.7–6.4)	(4.5–7.5)	(4.4–6.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	10,400	51,400	174,800	238,900	
Whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander	
Yes	%	28.2	21.3	13.1	15.6	
	95% CI	(22.8–33.5)	(17.7–24.9)	(11.5–14.8)	(14.1–17.2)	
No	%	71.8	78.5	86.7	83.7	
	95% CI	(62.5–81.2)	(75.5–81.5)	(84.8–88.6)	(82.0–85.4)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	10,900	57,300	186,200	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often shouting or throwing things.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people (8%).
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Anger – Cultural identification
Table E129: Cultural identification by how often felt easily annoyed or irritated, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often felt easily annoyed or irritated	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan	
Yes	%	43.6	46.3	46.7	45.7	
	95% CI	(36.6–50.6)	(42.4–50.1)	(41.5–51.9)	(42.4–49.1)	
No	%	52.1	50.0	50.5	50.3	
	95% CI	(46.1–58.1)	(45.7–54.3)	(46.0–55.1)	(47.1–53.5)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	32,000	103,700	47,800	185,500	
Whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland	
Recognises homelands and						
currently lives there	%	15.8	14.2	16.5	15.0	
	95% CI	(10.7–20.9)	(11.4–17.0)	(12.1–21.0)	(12.7–17.3)	
does not currently live there but allowed to visit	%	43.6	44.7	41.8	43.6	
	95% CI	(37.5–49.6)	(40.6–48.8)	(36.4–47.2)	(40.0–46.7)	
does not currently live there and not allowed to visit	%	**1.0	**0.5	**0.5	0.6	
	95% CI	(–0.1–2.1)	(0.0–1.0)	(–0.1–1.1)	(0.2–0.9)	
Doesn’t recognise homelands	%	36.5	38.0	39.2	38.0	
	95% CI	(30.7–42.3)	(33.9–42.0)	(35.0–43.4)	(35.0–41.0)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	32,000	103,700	47,800	185,500	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt easily annoyed or irritated.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan.
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E130: Cultural identification by how often had violent thoughts, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often had violent thoughts	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan	
Yes	%	40.0	48.5	45.7	45.7	
	95% CI	(32.0–48.1)	(42.3–54.8)	(42.3–49.1)	(42.4–49.1)	
No	%	52.5	46.3	51.2	50.3	
	95% CI	(38.7–66.3)	(40.2–52.3)	(47.8–54.7)	(47.1–53.5)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	8,200	30,800	144,400	185,500	
Whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland	
Recognises homelands and						
currently lives there	%	*10.7	16.2	15.1	15.0	
	95% CI	(4.1–17.3)	(11.7–20.8)	(12.5–17.7)	(12.7–17.3)	
does not currently live there but       allowed to visit	%	47.1	43.0	43.7	43.6	
	95% CI	(37.3–56.8)	(36.7–49.4)	(40.5–46.9)	(40.4–46.7)	
does not currently live there and not allowed to visit	%	0.0	**0.1	*0.7	*0.6	
	95% CI	. .	(–0.1–0.4)	(0.3–1.2)	(0.2–0.9)	
Doesn’t recognise homelands	%	38.9	37.4	38.1	38.0	
	95% CI	(25.1–52.7)	(30.8–43.9)	(34.7–41.4)	(35.0–41.0)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	8,200	30,800	144,400	185,500	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
. .	Not applicable.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had violent thoughts.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan.
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E131: Cultural identification by how often wanted to break or smash things, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan	
Yes	%	37.0	46.3	46.3	45.7	
	95% CI	(30.1–43.8)	(39.5–53.1)	(42.7–49.8)	(42.4–49.1)	
No	%	47.5	48.7	50.9	50.3	
	95% CI	(36.2–58.7)	(42.5–54.9)	(47.5–54.3)	(47.1–53.5)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	6,900	28,000	148,600	185,500	
Whether recognises homelands/ lives on homelands/ allowed to visit homelands	
Recognises homelands and						
currently lives there	%	*16.2	12.5	15.5	15.0	
	95% CI	(8.0–24.3)	(8.7–16.3)	(13.0–18.0)	(12.7–17.3)	
does not currently live there but  allowed to visit	%	46.8	41.0	44.1	43.6	
	95% CI	(30.3–63.2)	(34.3–47.7)	(40.9–47.3)	(40.4–46.7)	
does not currently live there and not allowed to visit	%	**0.5	**1.1	*0.5	*0.6	
	95% CI	(–0.5–1.4)	(–0.2–2.4)	(0.1–0.9)	(0.2–0.9)	
Doesn’t recognise homelands	%	31.5	40.9	37.7	38.0	
	95% CI	(20.9–42.1)	(34.2–47.5)	(34.5–41.0)	(35.0–41.0)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	6,900	28,000	148,600	185,500	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often wanted to break or smash things.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan.
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E132: Cultural identification by how often got into a lot of arguments, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often got into a lot of arguments	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan	
Yes	%	43.5	47.5	45.5	45.7	
	95% CI	(32.4–54.5)	(42.9–52.1)	(42.0–49.0)	(42.4–49.1)	
No	%	50.0	47.7	51.7	50.3	
	95% CI	(42.2–57.9)	(40.7–54.8)	(47.9–55.5)	(47.1–53.5)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	10,500	52,200	120,800	185,500	
Whether recognises homelands/ lives on homelands/ allowed to visit homelands	
Recognises homelands and						
currently lives there	%	14.1	14.6	15.4	15.0	
	95% CI	(8.2–20.0)	(10.5–18.6)	(12.6–18.2)	(12.7–17.3)	
does not currently live there but  allowed to visit	%	42.0	43.7	43.9	43.6	
	95% CI	(31.4–52.7)	(38.3–49.2)	(40.9–46.9)	(40.4–46.7)	
does not currently live there and not allowed to visit	%	0.0	**0.6	*0.6	*0.6	
	95% CI	. .	(–0.1–1.3)	(0.2–1.1)	(0.2–0.9)	
Doesn’t recognise homelands	%	41.0	37.6	37.9	38.0	
	95% CI	(30.6–51.4)	(30.8–44.4)	(34.4–41.3)	(35.0–41.0)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	10,500	52,200	120,800	185,500	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
. .	Not applicable.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often got into a lot of arguments.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan.
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E133: Cultural identification by how often shouting or throwing things, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often shouting or throwing things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan	
Yes	%	45.0	45.5	46.1	45.7	
	95% CI	(35.9–54.1)	(39.5–51.4)	(42.7–49.5)	(42.4–49.1)	
No	%	45.3	50.2	50.8	50.3	
	95% CI	(33.7–56.8)	(44.2–56.2)	(47.1–54.5)	(47.1–53.5)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	7,600	38,300	137,600	185,500	
Whether recognises homelands/ lives on homelands/ allowed to visit homelands	
Recognises homelands and						
currently lives there	%	17.2	14.0	15.3	15.0	
	95% CI	(9.5–24.8)	(9.6–18.3)	(12.6–17.9)	(12.7–17.3)	
does not currently live there but allowed to visit	%	43.6	42.7	44.0	43.6	
	95% CI	(34.5–52.6)	(36.4–49.0)	(40.8–47.3)	(40.4–46.7)	
does not currently live there and not allowed to visit	%	**1.4	**0.6	*0.5	*0.6	
	95% CI	(–1.4–4.1)	(–0.2–1.4)	(0.1–0.9)	(0.2–0.9)	
Doesn’t recognise homelands	%	32.5	39.0	38.0	38.0	
	95% CI	(19.7–45.2)	(32.7–45.3)	(34.5–41.5)	(35.0–41.0)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	7,600	38,300	137,600	185,500	
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often shouting or throwing things.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan.
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Anger – Removal from family
Table E134: Removal from family by how often felt easily annoyed or irritated, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often felt easily annoyed or irritated	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Removal from family	
Respondent removed (with or without removal of relative)	%	9.9	8.3	7.3	8.2	
	95% CI	(7.7–12.1)	(6.6–10.0)	(5.6–9.0)	(7.0–9.4)	
Relative only removed	%	42.4	37.5	30.0	35.9	
	95% CI	(37.8–47.1)	(34.4–40.5)	(26.2–33.9)	(33.6–38.2)	
Neither self nor family member removed	%	47.7	54.2	62.7	55.9	
	95% CI	(41.3–54.1)	(50.6–57.9)	(58.2–67.1)	(53.1–58.7)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	34,700	118,900	62,500	218,400	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt easily annoyed or irritated.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable removal from family (17%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E135: Removal from family by how often had violent thoughts, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often had violent thoughts	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Removal from family	
Respondent removed (with or without removal of relative)	%	11.9	10.1	7.6	8.2	
	95% CI	(6.6–17.1)	(7.1–13.0)	(6.3–8.9)	(7.0–9.4)	
Relative only removed	%	39.7	36.6	35.8	35.9	
	95% CI	(31.4–48.0)	(32.9–40.2)	(32.9–38.6)	(33.6–38.2)	
Neither self nor family member removed	%	48.4	53.4	56.6	55.9	
	95% CI	(37.1–59.7)	(48.0–58.8)	(53.6–59.7)	(53.1–58.7)	
Total*(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	9,200	41,200	165,800	218,400	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had violent thoughts.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable removal from family (17%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E136: Removal from family by how often wanted to break or smash things, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Removal from family	
Respondent removed (with or without removal of relative)	%	*6.1	9.2	8.1	8.2	
	95% CI	(3.0–9.3)	(6.2–12.3)	(6.8–9.5)	(7.0–9.4)	
Relative only removed	%	46.0	41.1	34.6	35.9	
	95% CI	(35.3–56.6)	(36.4–45.8)	(31.9–37.4)	(33.6–38.2)	
Neither self nor family member removed	%	47.9	49.7	57.2	55.9	
	95% CI	(38.9–56.9)	(45.2–54.1)	(54.1–60.3)	(53.1–58.7)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	7,700	35,300	173,300	218,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often wanted to break or smash things.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable removal from family (17%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E137: Removal from family by how often got into a lot of arguments, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often got into a lot of arguments	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Removal from family	
Respondent removed (with or without removal of relative)	%	9.9	9.2	7.7	8.2	
	95% CI	(5.4–14.3)	(7.0–11.4)	(6.2–9.2)	(7.0–9.4)	
Relative only removed	%	44.4	37.8	34.5	35.9	
	95% CI	(37.4–51.5)	(34.6–41.1)	(31.5–37.5)	(33.6–38.2)	
Neither self nor family member removed	%	45.7	53.0	57.8	55.9	
	95% CI	(38.2–53.2)	(48.6–57.4)	(54.5–61.1)	(53.1–58.7)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	12,600	62,800	140,800	218,400	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often got into a lot of arguments.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable removal from family (17%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E138: Removal from family by how often shouting or throwing things, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often shouting or throwing things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Removal from family	
Respondent removed (with or without removal of relative)	%	14.1	7.6	8.1	8.2	
	95% CI	(7.6–20.6)	(5.4–9.7)	(6.6–9.6)	(7.0–9.4)	
Relative only removed	%	42.5	39.1	34.8	35.9	
	95% CI	(36.1–49.0)	(35.5–42.6)	(32.0–37.5)	(33.6–38.2)	
Neither self nor family member removed	%	43.4	53.4	57.1	55.9	
	95% CI	(33.4–53.4)	(48.1–58.6)	(54.0–60.2)	(53.1–58.7)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	9,800	48,000	158,300	218,400	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often shouting or throwing things.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable removal from family (17%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Anger – Self-assessed health status
Table E139: Self-assessed health status by how often felt easily annoyed or irritated, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often felt easily annoyed or irritated	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Self-assessed health status	
Excellent/ very good	%	29.0	41.0	44.4	39.7	
	95% CI	(24.9–33.1)	(37.8–44.2)	(40.3–48.5)	(37.7–41.8)	
Good	%	31.5	35.9	39.1	36.3	
	95% CI	(27.4–35.5)	(33.3–38.5)	(35.2–42.9)	(34.2–38.4)	
Fair/ poor	%	39.6	23.1	16.6	23.9	
	95% CI	(34.7–44.5)	(20.9–25.2)	(14.2–18.9)	(22.0–25.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	40,900	140,800	72,900	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt easily annoyed or irritated.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable self-assessed health status.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E140: Self-assessed health status by how often had violent thoughts, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often had violent thoughts	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Self-assessed health status	
Excellent/ very good	%	24.4	34.0	42.5	39.7	
	95% CI	(17.4–31.5)	(30.0–38.0)	(40.0–45.0)	(37.7–41.8)	
Good	%	35.9	38.8	35.3	36.3	
	95% CI	(26.2–45.6)	(33.3–44.2)	(32.8–37.9)	(34.2–38.4)	
Fair/ poor	%	39.7	27.2	22.2	23.9	
	95% CI	(31.5–47.8)	(23.7–30.8)	(20.1–24.2)	(22.0–25.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	11,100	48,300	195,200	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had violent thoughts.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable self-assessed health status.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E141: Self-assessed health status by how often wanted to break or smash things, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Self-assessed health status	
Excellent/ very good	%	21.7	34.7	42.0	39.7	
	95% CI	(14.3–29.1)	(29.6–39.8)	(39.5–44.5)	(37.7–41.8)	
Good	%	34.6	37.6	37.6	36.3	
	95% CI	(23.0–46.3)	(32.6–42.6)	(32.6–42.6)	(34.2–38.4)	
Fair/ poor	%	43.7	27.7	27.7	23.9	
	95% CI	(36.5–50.8)	(23.7–31.7)	(23.7–31.7)	(22.0–25.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	8,900	41,900	203,800	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often wanted to break or smash things.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable self-assessed health status.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E142: Self-assessed health status by how often got into a lot of arguments, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often got into a lot of arguments	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Self-assessed health status	
Excellent/ very good	%	26.3	35.1	43.6	39.7	
	95% CI	(19.7–32.9)	(31.3–38.8)	(40.8–46.3)	(37.7–41.8)	
Good	%	36.5	37.9	35.1	36.3	
	95% CI	(29.0–44.0)	(33.8–42.1)	(32.7–37.5)	(34.2–38.4)	
Fair/ poor	%	37.2	27.0	21.3	23.9	
	95% CI	(30.3–44.2)	(23.8–30.2)	(19.2–23.5)	(22.0–25.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	14,500	75,600	164,500	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often got into a lot of arguments.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable self-assessed health status.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E143: Self-assessed health status by how often shouting or throwing things, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often shouting or throwing things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Self-assessed health status	
Excellent/ very good	%	20.4	37.1	42.1	39.7	
	95% CI	(14.7–26.1)	(33.1–41.1)	(39.6–44.6)	(37.7–41.8)	
Good	%	37.7	37.3	35.5	36.3	
	95% CI	(29.1–46.2)	(32.9–41.6)	(33.2–37.8)	(34.2–38.4)	
Fair/ poor	%	42.0	25.6	22.3	23.9	
	95% CI	(34.5–49.4)	(21.9–29.4)	(20.3–24.3)	(22.0–25.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	10,900	57,300	186,200	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often shouting or throwing things.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable self-assessed health status.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Anger – Long-term health conditions
Table E144: Number of long-term health conditions by how often felt easily annoyed or irritated, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often felt easily annoyed or irritated	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Number of long-term health conditions	
0 conditions	%	9.6	17.6	26.8	18.9	
	95% CI	(7.0–12.3)	(15.5–19.8)	(23.1–30.5)	(17.1–20.6)	
1 condition	%	9.9	18.5	21.2	17.9	
	95% CI	(7.2–12.5)	(16.4–20.6)	(17.8–24.6)	(16.4–19.4)	
2–3 conditions	%	26.1	31.9	28.9	30.3	
	95% CI	(22.3–29.9)	(29.0–34.7)	(25.6–32.1)	(28.4–32.1)	
4 conditions or more	%	54.4	32.0	23.1	32.9	
	95% CI	(49.2–59.5)	(29.1–34.9)	(19.6–26.6)	(30.6–35.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	40,900 	140,800 	72,900 	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt easily annoyed or irritated.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable long-term health conditions.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E145: Number of long-term health conditions by how often had violent thoughts, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often had violent thoughts	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Number of long-term health conditions	
0 conditions	%	*8.8	15.1	20.5	18.9	
	95% CI	(4.4–13.3)	(11.5–18.6)	(18.4–22.7)	(17.1–20.6)	
1 condition	%	*11.9	17.0	18.5	17.9	
	95% CI	(4.1–19.7)	(14.0–19.9)	(16.5–20.4)	(16.4–19.4)	
2–3 conditions	%	29.7	32.1	29.7	30.3	
	95% CI	(21.5–37.8)	(27.3–36.8)	(27.7–31.7)	(28.4–32.1)	
4 conditions or more	%	49.6	35.9	31.3	32.9	
	95% CI	(41.8–57.3)	(31.9–39.9)	(28.8–33.8)	(30.6–35.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	 11,100	48,300	195,200	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had violent thoughts.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable long-term health conditions.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E146: Number of long-term health conditions by how often wanted to break or 
smash things, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
    How often wanted to break or smash things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Number of long-term health conditions	
0 conditions	%	*9.2	14.7	20.3	18.9	
	95% CI	(3.4–15.0)	(11.7–17.8)	(18.2–22.3)	(17.1–20.6)	
1 condition	%	*5.6	15.4	19.0	17.9	
	95% CI	(1.9–9.3)	(12.0–18.7)	(17.1–20.8)	(16.4–19.4)	
2–3 conditions	%	25.7	32.6	29.8	30.3	
	95% CI	(17.9–33.4)	(27.7–37.4)	(27.6–32.1)	(28.4–32.1)	
4 conditions or more	%	59.5	37.3	30.9	32.9	
	95% CI	(50.0–69.1)	(33.1–41.6)	(28.4–33.5)	(30.6–35.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	 8,900	41,900 	203,800	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often wanted to break or smash things.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable long-term health conditions.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E147: Number of long-term health conditions by how often got into a lot of arguments, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often got into a lot of arguments	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Number of long-term health conditions	
0 conditions	%	11.9	14.9	21.5	18.9	
	95% CI	(6.3–17.5)	(12.3–17.5)	(19.1–23.8)	(17.1–20.6)	
1 condition	%	12.0	17.0	18.8	17.9	
	95% CI	(7.9–16.0)	(14.0–19.9)	(16.9–20.8)	(16.4–19.4)	
2–3 conditions	%	28.1	29.6	30.5	30.3	
	95% CI	(21.9–34.3)	(25.5–33.7)	(28.4–32.6)	(28.4–32.1)	
4 conditions or more	%	48.0	38.5	29.2	32.9	
	95% CI	(42.3–53.8)	(34.2–42.9)	(26.6–31.7)	(30.6–35.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	 14,500	75,600 	164,500	258,300 	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often got into a lot of arguments.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable long-term health conditions.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E148: Number of long-term health conditions by how often shouting or throwing things, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often shouting or throwing things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Number of long-term health conditions	
0 conditions	%	*9.3	16.2	20.4	18.9	
	95% CI	(3.4–15.2)	(13.5–19.0)	(18.3–22.5)	(17.1–20.6)	
1 condition	%	11.1	17.5	18.4	17.9	
	95% CI	(6.5–15.8)	(14.3–20.7)	(16.5–20.4)	(16.4–19.4)	
2–3 conditions	%	33.3	31.1	29.6	30.3	
	95% CI	(25.2–41.4)	(26.9–35.2)	(27.6–31.7)	(28.4–32.1)	
4 conditions or more	%	46.2	35.2	31.6	32.9	
	95% CI	(39.2–53.2)	(31.3–39.1)	(29.0–34.1)	(30.6–35.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	 10,900	57,300 	 186,200	258,300 	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often shouting or throwing things.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable long-term health conditions.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E149: Long-term mental health condition by how often felt easily annoyed or irritated, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often felt easily annoyed or irritated	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Long-term mental health condition/s	%	42.5	16.7	5.8	17.7	
	95% CI	(37.5–47.5)	(14.5–18.9)	(4.3–7.3)	(16.1–19.2)	
No long-term mental health condition/s	%	57.5	83.3	94.2	82.3	
	95% CI	(52.0–63.0)	(81.1–85.5)	(92.5–95.9)	(80.7–83.9)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	40,900	140,800	72,900	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt easily annoyed or irritated.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable long-term health conditions.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E150: Long-term mental health condition by how often had violent thoughts, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often had violent thoughts	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Long-term mental health condition/s	%	47.8	26.0	13.9	17.7	
	95% CI	(39.1–56.5)	(22.0–29.9)	(12.4–15.5)	(16.1–19.2)	
No long-term mental health condition/s	%	52.2	74.0	86.1	82.3	
	95% CI	(44.1–60.3)	(69.0–79.1)	(84.4–87.7)	(80.7–83.9)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	11,100	48,300	195,200	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had violent thoughts.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable long-term health conditions.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E151: Long-term mental health condition by how often wanted to break or smash things, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Long-term mental health condition/s	%	56.6	29.7	13.5	17.7	
	95% CI	(46.3–66.9)	(25.3–34.2)	(12.0–15.1)	(16.1–19.2)	
No long-term mental health condition/s	%	43.4	70.3	86.5	82.3	
	95% CI	(35.1–51.7)	(65.8–74.7)	(84.5–88.4)	(80.7–83.9)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)9b)	8,900	41,900	203,800	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often wanted to break or smash things.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable long-term health conditions.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E152: Long-term mental health condition by how often got into a lot of arguments, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often got into a lot of arguments	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total	
Long-term mental health condition/s	%	45.6	25.2	11.8	17.7	
	95% CI	(39.4–51.8)	(21.9–28.6)	(10.2–13.4)	(16.1–19.2)	
No long-term mental health condition/s	%	54.4	74.8	88.2	82.3	
	95% CI	(47.8–61.1)	(70.7–78.8)	(86.7–89.6)	(80.7–83.9)	
Total	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people	14,500	75,600	164,500	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often got into a lot of arguments.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable long-term health conditions.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E153: Long-term mental health condition by how often shouting or throwing things, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often shouting or throwing things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Long-term mental health condition/s	%	42.2	24.9	14.1	17.7	
	95% CI	(34.6–49.8)	(21.2–28.5)	(12.5–15.7)	(16.1–19.2)	
No long-term mental health condition/s	%	57.8	75.1	85.9	82.3	
	95% CI	(50.1–65.5)	(70.9–79.4)	(84.0–87.8)	(80.7–83.9)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	10,900	57,300	186,200	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often shouting or throwing things.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable long-term health conditions.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Anger – Alcohol consumption
Table E154: Alcohol consumption by how often felt easily annoyed or irritated, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often felt easily annoyed or irritated	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Alcohol consumption	
High risk	%	9.1	8.7	6.5	8.4	
	95% CI	(6.7–11.5)	(7.1–10.4)	(4.6–8.4)	(7.1–9.6)	
All others(b)	%	90.0	90.1	92.1	90.4	
	95% CI	(86.9–93.1)	(88.3–91.9)	(89.8–94.3)	(89.2–91.7)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	40,900 	140,800 	 72,900	258,300 	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt easily annoyed or irritated.
(b)	Includes those people who: were considered low risk; medium risk; last consumed alcohol 1 week to less than 12 months ago; last consumed 
	alcohol 12 months or more ago; and, time since last consumed alcohol not known.
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable alcohol consumption.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E155: Alcohol consumption by how often had violent thoughts, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often had violent thoughts	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Alcohol consumption						
High risk	%	12.9	14.1	6.4	8.4	
	95% CI	(6.7–19.0)	(11.0–17.3)	(5.1–7.6)	(7.1–9.6)	
All others(b)	%	86.0	84.7	92.4	90.4	
	95% CI	(79.3–92.7)	(82.5–86.9)	(91.3–93.6)	(89.2–91.7)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	 11,100	48,300	195,200 	258,300 	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had violent thoughts.
(b)	Includes those people who: were considered low risk; medium risk; last consumed alcohol 1 week to less than 12 months ago; last consumed 
	alcohol 12 months or more ago; and, time since last consumed alcohol not known.
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable alcohol consumption.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E156: Alcohol consumption by how often wanted to break or smash things, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Alcohol consumption	
High risk	%	11.2	13.6	6.9	8.4	
	95% CI	(6.4–16.0)	(10.5–16.7)	(5.6–8.2)	(7.1–9.6)	
All others(b)	%	88.8	85.2	91.9	90.4	
	95% CI	(79.8–97.9)	(82.6–87.7)	(90.6–93.2)	(89.2–91.7)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	 8,900	41,900 	 203,800	258,300 	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often wanted to break or smash things.
(b)	Includes those people who: were considered low risk; medium risk; last consumed alcohol 1 week to less than 12 months ago; last consumed 
	alcohol 12 months or more ago; and, time since last consumed alcohol not known.
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable alcohol consumption.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E157: Alcohol consumption by how often got into a lot of arguments, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often got into a lot of arguments	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Alcohol consumption	
High risk	%	15.7	10.4	6.5	8.4	
	95% CI	(10.0–21.4)	(7.5–13.2)	(5.2–7.8)	(7.1–9.6)	
All others(b)	%	84.2	88.3	92.3	90.4	
	95% CI	(81.1–87.3)	(86.0–90.6)	(91.2–93.4)	(89.2–91.7)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	 14,500	75,600 	164,500 	258,300 	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often got into a lot of arguments.
(b)	Includes those people who: were considered low risk; medium risk; last consumed alcohol 1 week to less than 12 months ago; last consumed 
	alcohol 12 months or more ago; and, time since last consumed alcohol not known.
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable alcohol consumption.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E158: Alcohol consumption by how often shouting or throwing things, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often shouting or throwing things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Alcohol consumption	
High risk	%	12.1	12.2	6.7	8.4	
	95% CI	(6.6–17.6)	(9.1–15.4)	(5.4–7.9)	(7.1–9.6)	
All others(b)	%	87.9	86.5	92.1	90.4	
	95% CI	(81.8–93.9)	(83.0–90.0)	(90.9–93.3)	(89.2–91.7)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	 10,900	57,300 	186,200 	258,300 	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often shouting or throwing things.
(b)	Includes those people who: were considered low risk; medium risk; last consumed alcohol 1 week to less than 12 months ago; last consumed 
	alcohol 12 months or more ago; and, time since last consumed alcohol not known.
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable alcohol consumption.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Anger – Financial stress
Table E159: Financial stress by how often felt easily annoyed or irritated, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often felt easily annoyed or irritated	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Whether able to raise $2000 in an emergency	
Yes	%	39.9	47.6	46.9	46.0	
	95% CI	(34.1–45.7)	(44.1–51.0)	(42.1–51.7)	(43.3–48.7)	
No	%	60.1	52.4	53.1	54.0	
	95% CI	(56.1–64.1)	(49.2–55.7)	(49.0–57.2)	(51.3–56.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	38,900 	131,700	68,600 	242,700 	
Financial stress	
No financial stress	%	44.7	61.0	68.5	60.4	
	95% CI	(40.0–49.3)	(57.7–64.3)	(66.3–70.6)	(58.2–62.6)	
Past financial stress(c)	%	13.3	12.9	11.2	12.5	
	95% CI	(10.3–16.2)	(10.8–15.1)	(9.0–13.4)	(11.0–13.9)	
Present financial stress(d)	%	41.7	25.2	20.1	26.4	
	95% CI	(36.4–47.0)	(22.7–27.7)	(17.3–22.9)	(24.6–28.3)	
Total(e)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(e)	 40,900	 140,800	 72,900	 258,300	
(a)		Includes missing responses on variable how often felt easily annoyed or irritated.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable whether able to raise $2000 in an emergency (6%).	
(c)	Whether had days without basic living expenses in the last 12 months.
(d)	Whether had days without basic living expenses in the last 2 weeks.
(e)	Includes missing responses on variable financial stress.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E160: Financial stress by how often had violent thoughts, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often had violent thoughts	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Whether able to raise $2000 in an emergency	
Yes	%	34.7	35.7	49.3	46.0	
	95% CI	(26.1–43.3)	(31.3–40.0)	(46.1–52.6)	(43.3–48.7)	
No	%	65.3	64.3	50.7	54.0	
	95% CI	(55.5–75.0)	(60.7–68.0)	(47.7–53.7)	(51.3–56.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	 10,500	45,200 	183,500 	242,700 	
Financial stress						
No financial stress	%	41.3	47.0	64.9	60.4	
	95% CI	(34.2–48.5)	(41.9–52.0)	(62.6–67.2)	(58.2–62.6)	
Past financial stress(c)	%	*12.2	15.3	11.8	12.5	
	95% CI	(5.0–19.3)	(12.3–18.4)	(10.3–13.4)	(11.0–13.9)	
Present financial stress(d)	%	45.1	36.8	22.7	26.4	
	95% CI	(36.3–53.9)	(32.5–41.2)	(21.0–24.5)	(24.6–28.3)	
Total(e)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(e)	 11,100	 48,300	 195,200	 258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had violent thoughts.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable whether able to raise $2000 in an emergency (6%).	
(c)	Whether had days without basic living expenses in the last 12 months.
(d)	Whether had days without basic living expenses in the last 2 weeks.
(e)	Includes missing responses on variable financial stress.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E161: Financial stress by how often wanted to break or smash things, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Whether able to raise $2000 in an emergency	
Yes	%	30.5	35.3	49.0	46.0	
	95% CI	(22.5–38.6)	(30.6–39.9)	(45.8–52.3)	(43.3–48.7)	
No	%	69.5	64.7	51.0	54.0	
	95% CI	(56.1–82.8)	(60.4–69.0)	(47.9–54.0)	(51.3–56.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	 8,400	39,800 	190,900 	242,700 	
Financial stress	
No financial stress	%	36.6	45.8	64.5	60.4	
	95% CI	(28.5–44.6)	(40.2–51.4)	(62.1–66.9)	(58.2–62.6)	
Past financial stress(c)	%	7.3	15.7	12.1	12.5	
	95% CI	(4.0–10.7)	(12.6–18.8)	(10.4–13.7)	(11.0–13.9)	
Present financial stress(d)	%	55.1	37.7	22.8	26.4	
	95% CI	(42.9–67.3)	(32.8–42.6)	(20.9–24.7)	(24.6–28.3)	
Total(e)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(e)	 8,900	 41,900	203,800 	258,300 	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often wanted to break or smash things.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable whether able to raise $2000 in an emergency (6%).	
(c)	Whether had days without basic living expenses in the last 12 months.
(d)	Whether had days without basic living expenses in the last 2 weeks.
(e)	Includes missing responses on variable financial stress.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E162: Financial stress by how often got into a lot of arguments, Indigenous persons 
aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often got into a lot of arguments	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Whether able to raise $2000 in an emergency	
Yes	%	31.4	41.0	49.8	46.0	
	95% CI	(24.3–38.4)	(36.4–45.6)	(46.2–53.3)	(43.3–48.7)	
No	%	68.6	59.0	50.2	54.0	
	95% CI	(61.6–75.7)	(55.1–62.9)	(47.1–53.4)	(51.3–56.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	13,500	70,900	154,600	242,700	
Financial stress	
No financial stress	%	40.8	50.4	66.9	60.4	
	95% CI	(34.5–47.0)	(45.7–55.2)	(64.2–69.5)	(58.2–62.6)	
Past financial stress(c)	%	12.9	14.6	11.5	12.5	
	95% CI	(8.6–17.1)	(12.2–17.0)	(9.9–13.2)	(11.0–13.9)	
Present financial stress(d)	%	45.3	34.4	20.9	26.4	
	95% CI	(37.8–52.8)	(30.9–38.0)	(19.0–22.9)	(24.6–28.3)	
Total(e)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(e)	 14,500	 75,600	 164,500	 258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often got into a lot of arguments.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable whether able to raise $2000 in an emergency (6%).	
(c)	Whether had days without basic living expenses in the last 12 months.
(d)	Whether had days without basic living expenses in the last 2 weeks.
(e)	Includes missing responses on variable financial stress.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E163: Financial stress by how often shouting or throwing things, Indigenous persons 
aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often shouting or throwing things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Whether able to raise $2000 in an emergency	
Yes	%	37.2	36.7	49.5	46.0	
	95% CI	(27.9–46.6)	(31.6–41.8)	(46.2–52.8)	(43.3–48.7)	
No	%	62.8	63.3	50.5	54.0	
	95% CI	(55.0–70.5)	(59.6–67.0)	(47.6–53.3)	(51.3–56.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	 10,100	 53,300	 175,600	242,700 	
Financial stress	
No financial stress	%	43.8	50.1	64.6	60.4	
	95% CI	(35.7–51.8)	(44.6–55.6)	(62.3–67.0)	(58.2–62.6)	
Past financial stress(c)	%	13.6	14.1	12.0	12.5	
	95% CI	(8.3–19.0)	(11.3–16.9)	(10.3–13.7)	(11.0–13.9)	
Present financial stress(d)	%	41.6	35.3	22.7	26.4	
	95% CI	(33.7–49.6)	(31.3–39.2)	(20.8–24.6)	(24.6–28.3)	
Total(e)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(e)	 10,900	 57,300	 186,200	 258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often shouting or throwing things.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable whether able to raise $2000 in an emergency (6%).	
(c)	Whether had days without basic living expenses in the last 12 months.
(d)	Whether had days without basic living expenses in the last 2 weeks.
(e)	Includes missing responses on variable financial stress.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Anger – Labour force status
Table E164: Labour force status by how often felt easily annoyed or irritated, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often felt easily annoyed or irritated	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Labour force status	
Employed: non-CDEP	%	36.5	43.8	38.7	41.1	
	95% CI	(30.6–42.4)	(40.7–46.8)	(34.3–43.0)	(38.7–43.4)	
Employed: CDEP	%	9.9	11.1	13.4	11.5	
	95% CI	(7.3–12.5)	(9.3–12.8)	(10.9–15.9)	(10.2–12.8)	
Unemployed	%	9.0	8.0	6.5	7.7	
	95% CI	(6.1–11.9)	(6.7–9.3)	(4.9–8.2)	(6.6–8.8)	
Not in labour force	%	44.6	37.2	41.4	39.8	
	95% CI	(40.3–48.9)	(34.5–39.9)	(37.5–45.3)	(37.2–42.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	 40,900	 140,800	 72,900	 258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often felt easily annoyed or irritated.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable labour force status.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E165: Labour force status by how often had violent thoughts, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often had violent thoughts	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Labour force status	
Employed: non-CDEP	%	33.7	32.6	43.7	41.1	
	95% CI	(24.0–43.3)	(28.5–36.6)	(40.7–46.7)	(38.7–43.4)	
Employed: CDEP	%	12.0	15.7	10.6	11.5	
	95% CI	(7.2–16.8)	(12.2–19.2)	(9.2–12.0)	(10.2–12.8)	
Unemployed	%	13.5	9.9	6.9	7.7	
	95% CI	(7.2–19.7)	(7.7–12.0)	(5.7–8.1)	(6.6–8.8)	
Not in labour force	%	40.9	41.9	38.9	39.8	
	95% CI	(34.2–47.6)	(37.3–46.5)	(36.1–41.6)	(37.2–42.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	 11,100	 48,300	 195,200	 258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often had violent thoughts.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable labour force status.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E166: Labour force status by how often wanted to break or smash things, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Labour force status	
Employed: non-CDEP	%	28.2	31.8	43.6	41.1	
	95% CI	(16.1–40.3)	(26.9–36.7)	(41.0–46.2)	(38.7–43.4)	
Employed: CDEP	%	10.8	15.8	10.8	11.5	
	95% CI	(5.5–16.1)	(12.3–19.2)	(9.4–12.2)	(10.2–12.8)	
Unemployed	%	13.1	9.9	7.0	7.7	
	95% CI	(7.4–18.9)	(7.1–12.7)	(5.9–8.2)	(6.6–8.8)	
Not in labour force	%	47.9	42.6	38.6	39.8	
	95% CI	(42.6–53.1)	(37.4–47.7)	(35.8–41.3)	(37.2–42.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	8,900 	41,900 	 203,800 	258,300 	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often wanted to break or smash things.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable labour force status.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E167: Labour force status by how often got into a lot of arguments, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often got into a lot of arguments	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Labour force status	
Employed: non-CDEP	%	27.2	38.1	43.8	41.1	
	95% CI	(19.1–35.3)	(33.7–42.5)	(40.8–46.7)	(38.7–43.4)	
Employed: CDEP	%	16.4	14.4	9.8	11.5	
	95% CI	(11.0–21.8)	(11.7–17.0)	(8.4–11.2)	(10.2–12.8)	
Unemployed	%	*11.0	9.2	6.8	7.7	
	95% CI	(5.6–16.4)	(7.4–11.0)	(5.5–8.0)	(6.6–8.8)	
Not in labour force	%	45.5	38.3	39.6	39.8	
	95% CI	(39.0–51.9)	(34.5–42.1)	(36.7–42.6)	(37.2–42.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	 14,500	 75,600	 164,500	 258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often got into a lot of arguments.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable labour force status.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E168: Labour force status by how often shouting or throwing things, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
How often shouting or throwing things	
 	 	A lot	Some	Not at all	Total(a)	
Labour force status	
Employed: non-CDEP	%	19.5	34.8	44.4	41.1	
	95% CI	(12.3–26.7)	(29.9–39.7)	(41.6–47.1)	(38.7–43.4)	
Employed: CDEP	%	15.4	15.0	10.2	11.5	
	95% CI	(10.5–20.4)	(12.3–17.7)	(8.9–11.6)	(10.2–12.8)	
Unemployed	%	13.5	7.6	7.4	7.7	
	95% CI	(7.8–19.2)	(5.8–9.5)	(6.2–8.6)	(6.6–8.8)	
Not in labour force	%	51.6	42.6	38.0	39.8	
	95% CI	(42.8–60.4)	(39.0–46.1)	(35.2–40.7)	(37.2–42.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	10,900	 57,300	 186,200	 258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable how often shouting or throwing things.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable labour force status.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Stressors – Psychological distress
Table E169: Psychological distress by life stressors, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
Number of life stressors	
	 	0	1	2–3	4 or more	Total(a)	
Level of psychological distress	
Low/ moderate	%	84.6	77.3	67.0	58.4	71.3	
	95% CI	(80.9–88.2)	(73.1–81.4)	(62.9–71.1)	(53.9–62.8)	(69.4–73.2)	
High/ very high	%	14.5	21.5	31.4	39.8	27.2	
	95% CI	(11.6–17.4)	(18.5–24.4)	(28.0–34.9)	(36.2–43.4)	(25.1–29.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	57,700	64,600	65,400	68,600	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable life stressors.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Stressors – Impact
Table E170: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings by 
life stressors, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
Number of life stressors	
	 	0	1	2–3	4 or more	Total(a)	
Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
0 days	%	89.2	84.2	78.1	67.0	78.4	
	95% CI	(85.5–92.8)	(81.9–86.6)	(74.6–81.6)	(63.2–70.8)	(76.5–80.3)	
1–2 days	%	5.0	4.4	7.4	8.3	6.4	
	95% CI	(3.3–6.8)	(3.0–5.9)	(5.3–9.5)	(6.4–10.2)	(5.4–7.5)	
3–14 days	%	4.1	9.3	11.2	18.8	11.5	
	95% CI	(2.6–5.7)	(5.1–13.6)	(9.3–13.1)	(15.3–22.3)	(9.9–13.0)	
15 days or more	%	*1.3	*1.6	2.8	5.3	2.9	
	95% CI	(0.2–2.5)	(0.7–2.5)	(1.6–3.9)	(3.6–7.0)	(2.2–3.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b) 	41,500	50,600	54,100	59,800	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable life stressors.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities.
Note:	 Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E171: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by life stressors, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
Number of life stressors	
	 	0	1	2–3	4 or more	Total(a)	
Number of visits to doctor or other health professional because of feelings	
0 visits	%	93.4	90.9	86.1	83.4	87.7	
	95% CI	(90.9–96.0)	#	(84.4–87.8)	(80.9–85.9)	(86.3–89.1)	
1 visit	%	3.3	3.8	6.0	7.5	5.3	
	95% CI	(1.9–4.8)	(2.6–5.0)	(4.0–8.0)	(5.8–9.2)	(4.5–6.2)	
2 visits	%	*1.8	2.5	3.9	3.7	3.1	
	95% CI	(0.3–3.3)	(1.5–3.5)	(2.4–5.3)	(2.5–5.0)	(2.4–3.7)	
3 visits or more	%	*1.2	**2.8	*3.8	4.7	3.3	
	95% CI	(0.2–2.1)	(–1.0–6.7)	(1.6–6.1)	(2.5–6.9)	(2.0–4.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	 	41,500	50,600	54,100	59,800	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
# 	Upper and lower confidence limits could not be calculated (refer to Appendix C).
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable life stressors.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
Note:	 Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Stressors – Positive wellbeing
Table E172: Positive wellbeing by life stressors, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Number of life stressors	
	 	0	1	2–3	4 or more	Total(a)	
How often felt calm and peaceful	
All/ most of the time	%	67.2	63.5	54.3	43.3	56.4	
	95% CI	(62.5–71.8)	(59.4–67.6)	(50.0–58.7)	(39.2–47.4)	(54.2–58.6)	
Some of the time	%	21.2	22.4	26.9	31.7	25.6	
	95% CI	(17.9–24.4)	(18.2–26.6)	(23.4–30.5)	(27.8–35.5)	(23.8–27.4)	
A little/ none of the time	%	10.7	13.2	17.5	23.6	16.5	
	95% CI	(8.3–13.1)	(10.8–15.5)	(14.4–20.5)	(20.2–27.0)	(14.9–18.0)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often been a happy person	
All/ most of the time	%	79.6	76.2	68.4	64.0	71.4	
	95% CI	(74.9–84.3)	(73.0–79.4)	(64.8–72.1)	(59.7–68.3)	(69.5–73.3)	
Some of the time	%	14.6	16.4	21.7	22.1	18.8	
	95% CI	(11.9–17.2)	(12.8–20.0)	(18.3–25.0)	(18.9–25.3)	(17.1–20.6)	
A little/ none of the time	%	5.0	6.8	8.9	12.6	8.4	
	95% CI	(3.3–6.6)	(5.0–8.5)	(7.0–10.8)	(10.3–14.9)	(7.4–9.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often felt full of life	
All/ most of the time	%	63.7	60.2	49.8	46.7	54.6	
	95% CI	(58.7–68.8)	(56.0–64.4)	(46.3–53.3)	(42.8–50.6)	(52.8–56.4)	
Some of the time	%	24.6	23.7	31.1	27.0	26.6	
	95% CI	(21.6–27.7)	(19.5–27.8)	(27.3–35.0)	(23.9–30.2)	(24.8–28.4)	
A little/ none of the time	%	10.5	15.5	18.0	24.6	17.3	
	95% CI	(8.3–12.7)	(12.7–18.3)	(15.2–20.8)	(21.5–27.6)	(15.8–18.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had a lot of energy	
All/ most of the time	%	54.9	48.6	43.1	43.3	47.2	
	95% CI	(50.3–59.5)	(44.1–53.2)	(39.8–46.4)	(39.6–47.1)	(45.2–49.2)	
Some of the time	%	28.6	33.0	32.4	27.8	30.3	
	95% CI	(25.1–32.2)	(29.1–36.8)	(28.6–36.2)	(24.2–31.5)	(28.4–32.2)	
A little/ none of the time	%	15.4	17.8	23.4	27.1	21.1	
	95% CI	(12.3–18.5)	(14.9–20.6)	(20.1–26.8)	(23.9–30.4)	(19.4–22.7)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	57,700	64,600	65,400	68,600	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable life stressors.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable positive wellbeing.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Stressors – Anger
Table E173: Anger by life stressors, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Number of life stressors	
	 	0	1	2–3	4 or more	Total(a)	
How often felt annoyed or irritated	
A lot	%	9.4	11.7	17.6	23.9	15.8	
	95% CI	(6.8–12.0)	(9.5–13.9)	(14.9–20.2)	(20.6–27.2)	(14.3–17.3)	
Some	%	49.5	56.4	57.6	54.7	54.5	
	95% CI	(45.2–53.9)	(51.6–61.2)	(54.5–60.8)	(51.1–58.3)	(52.8–56.2)	
Not at all	%	40.4	31.1	23.7	19.8	28.2	
	95% CI	(35.1–45.6)	(27.1–35.0)	(20.2–27.3)	(16.8–22.8)	(26.0–30.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had violent thoughts	
A lot	%	*1.8	2.6	3.7	8.8	4.3	
	95% CI	(0.5–3.1)	(1.6–3.7)	(2.5–4.8)	(6.7–10.8)	(3.6–5.0)	
Some	%	13.1	15.9	18.8	26.0	18.7	
	95% CI	(10.3–15.8)	(13.1–18.8)	(16.1–21.5)	(22.5–29.5)	(17.1–20.2)	
Not at all	%	84.2	80.8	76.3	63.8	75.6	
	95% CI	(81.4–87.0)	(77.3–84.3)	(72.2–80.5)	(60.0–67.7)	(73.9–77.2)	
Total(a)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
A lot	%	*1.1	2.3	2.8	7.2	3.4	
	95% CI	(0.4–1.8)	(1.3–3.3)	(1.8–3.8)	(5.2–9.2)	(2.8–4.1)	
Some	%	11.7	13.6	15.5	23.5	16.2	
	95% CI	(9.3–14.1)	(10.6–16.6)	(13.1–18.0)	(20.3–26.6)	(14.8–17.6)	
Not at all	%	86.3	83.5	80.5	67.9	78.9	
	95% CI	(83.7–88.9)	(80.4–86.6)	(77.6–83.4)	(64.0–71.8)	(77.7–80.1)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often got into a lot of arguments	
A lot	%	2.8	4.4	5.3	9.5	5.6	
	95% CI	(1.4–4.1)	(2.7–6.0)	(4.0–6.7)	(7.6–11.5)	(4.7–6.5)	
Some	%	21.8	25.1	30.7	38.6	29.3	
	95% CI	(18.2–25.4)	(20.6–29.5)	(27.4–34.0)	(34.9–42.3)	(27.3–31.3)	
Not at all	%	74.5	69.9	62.8	50.4	63.7	
	95% CI	(70.3–78.6)	(66.2–73.7)	(58.1–67.5)	(45.7–55.1)	(61.6–65.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often shouting or throwing things	
A lot	%	*1.0	2.9	4.1	8.3	4.2	
	95% CI	(0.4–1.7)	(1.7–4.2)	(2.9–5.3)	(6.6–10.1)	(3.5–4.9)	
Some	%	17.1	18.4	23.7	28.9	22.2	
	95% CI	(13.8–20.3)	(15.4–21.5)	(20.5–26.9)	(25.3–32.4)	(20.6–23.8)	
Not at all	%	81.0	78.1	71.0	61.3	72.1	
	95% CI	(77.6–84.4)	(74.7–81.4)	(66.9–75.0)	(57.0–65.5)	(70.3–73.9)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	57,700	64,600	65,400	68,600	258,300	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable life stressors.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable anger.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Reported mental illness as a stressor – Psychological distress
Table E174: Psychological distress by reported mental illness as stressor, Indigenous persons 
aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
	 	Reported mental illness as a stressor	Did not report mental illness as a stressor	Total(a)	
Psychological distress					
Low/ moderate	%	50.2	75.2	71.6	
	95% CI	(42.8–57.6)	(72.6–77.8)	(69.2–74.1)	
High/ very high	%	49.7	23.9	27.6	
	95% CI	(45.1–54.4)	(21.3–26.4)	(25.1–30.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	26,900	158,700	185,500	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether reported mental illness as a stressor.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Reported discrimination as a stressor – Discrimination (Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander)
Table E175: Whether felt treated badly because Indigenous by whether reported discrimination 
as stressor, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
 	 	Reported discrimination as a stressor	Did not report discrimination as a stressor	Total(a)	
Treated badly because Indigenous status	%	66.2	9.0	15.6	
	95% CI	(60.1–72.4)	(7.9–10.0)	(14.1–17.2)	
Not treated badly because of Indigenous status	%	33.8	90.3	83.7	
	95% CI	(28.2–39.3)	(89.1–91.5)	(82.0–85.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	30,100	228,200	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether reported discrimination as a stressor.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS
Discrimination (health) – Psychological distress
Table E176: Psychological distress by treatment when seeking health care compared with 
non-Indigenous people, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
Treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people	
	 	Worse	Same	Better	Only encountered Indigenous people	Did not seek health care	Total(a)	
Psychological distress	
Low/ moderate	%	44.3	72.6	69.6	67.5	83.8	71.8	
	95% CI	(36.0–52.7)	(70.2–75.0)	(61.5–77.7)	(55.8–79.2)	(74.6–92.9)	(69.8–73.8)	
High/ very high	%	55.1	26.4	27.4	30.9	14.5	27.0	
	95% CI	(45.7–64.6)	(24.2–28.5)	(21.4–33.5)	(20.0–41.8)	(10.0–19.0)	(24.9–29.1)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	9,500	198,400	12,900	4,700	13,400	238,900	
(a)	Excludes missing responses on variable treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people (8%).
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Discrimination (Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander) – Psychological distress
Table E177: Psychological distress by whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander, Indigenous people aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
                                           Whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander	
		Yes	No	Total(a)	
Psychological Distress	
Low/ moderate	%	59.2	73.7	71.3	
	95% CI	(54.4–64.1)	(71.4–75.9)	(69.4–73.2)	
High/ very high	%	39.5	25.0	27.2	
	95% CI	(34.8–44.1)	(22.9–27.2)	(25.1–29.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	40,400	216,300	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Discrimination (health) – Impact
Table E178: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings by treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people, Indigenous persons 
aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
Treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people	
	 	Worse	Same	Better	Only encountered Indigenous people	Did not seek health care	Total(a)	
Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
0 days	%	66.1	80.0	67.0	75.5	88.7	79.0	
	95% CI	(54.9–77.3)	(77.5–82.5)	(58.8–75.2)	(65.4–85.7)	(81.7–95.8)	(77.1–80.9)	
1–2 days	%	*8.0	5.8	11.9	*7.2	*6.2	6.3	
	95% CI	(3.1–12.9)	(4.8–6.8)	(6.6–17.3)	(1.4–13.1)	(2.8–9.6)	(5.3–7.3)	
3–14 days	%	21.1	11.0	16.5	*12.7	*3.4	11.4	
	95% CI	(14.2–27.9)	(9.1–12.9)	(8.7–24.4)	(3.7–21.7)	(0.4–6.5)	(9.7–13.1)	
15 days or more	%	*4.9	2.8	*3.3	**4.5	**1.1	2.8	
	95% CI	(1.7–8.1)	(2.1–3.4)	(0.1–6.4)	(–4.2–13.2)	(–1.1–3.2)	(2.2–3.5)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	8,600	159,800	10,100	4,200	8,700	191,500	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Excludes missing responses on variable treatment when seeking health care compared
with non-Indigenous people (8%).
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work/carry out normal activities.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E179: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by treatment 
when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05	
Treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people	
	 	Worse	Same	Better	Only encountered Indigenous people	Did not seek health care	Total(a)	
Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
0 visits	%	78.4	88.4	82.7	92.1	97.9	88.1	
	95% CI	(69.7–87.1)	(86.4–90.3)	(77.2–88.1)	(85.8–98.4)	(97.5–98.3)	(86.5–89.7)	
1 visit	%	10.5	5.2	8.3	**5.3	0.0	5.4	
	95% CI	(5.6–15.4)	(4.2–6.2)	(4.6–12.1)	(–0.3–10.9)	. .	(4.4–6.3)	
2 visits	%	*4.1	3.1	*3.5	**2.1	0.0	3.0	
	95% CI	(0.2–7.9)	(2.2–3.9)	(1.1–6.0)	(–1.1–5.2)	. .	(2.3–3.7)	
3 visits or more	%	*7.0	3.2	*4.6	**0.5	0.0	3.3	
	95% CI	(1.7–12.3)	(1.7–4.8)	(0.4–8.8)	(–0.5–1.6)	. .	(1.9–4.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	8,600	159,800	10,100	4,200	8,700	191,500	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
. .	Not applicable.
(a)	Excludes missing responses on variable treatment when seeking health care compared
with non-Indigenous people (8%).
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (1.8%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Discrimination (Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander) – Impact 
Table E180: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings by whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander, Indigenous people aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05	
                     Whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander	
		Yes	No	Total(a)	
Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
0 days	%	66.8	81.2	78.4	
	95% CI	(62.3–71.4)	(79.3–83.0)	(76.5–80.3)	
1–2 days	%	7.7	6.2	6.4	
	95% CI	(5.6–9.8)	(5.0–7.3)	(5.4–7.5)	
3–14 days	%	19.4	9.8	11.5	
	95% CI	(15.0–23.9)	(8.1–11.6)	(9.9–13.0)	
15 days or more	%	5.2	2.4	2.9	
	95% CI	(3.3–7.1)	(1.8–3.1)	(2.2–3.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	35,700	170,800	207,400	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work/carry out normal activities because of feelings.
Note:	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E181: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander, Indigenous people aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
               Whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander	
		Yes	No	Total(a)	
Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
0 visits	%	82.2	89.2	87.7	
	95% CI	(78.8–85.6)	(87.8–90.6)	(86.3–89.1)	
1 visit	%	8.2	4.8	5.3	
	95% CI	(6.3–10.2)	(3.8–5.7)	(4.5–6.2)	
2 visit	%	5.1	2.7	3.1	
	95% CI	(3.0–7.2)	(2.0–3.3)	(2.4–3.7)	
3 or more visit	%	*3.5	3.2	3.3	
	95% CI	(1.8–5.3)	(1.7–4.8)	(2.0–4.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	35,700	170,800	207,400	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
Note:	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Discrimination (health) – Positive wellbeing
Table E182: Positive wellbeing by treatment when seeking health care compared with 
non-Indigenous people, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people	
		Worse	Same	Better	Only encountered Indigenous people	Did not seek health care	Total(a)	
How often felt calm and peaceful	
All/ most of the time	%	42.8	57.5	52.5	54.6	67.6	57.2	
	95% CI	(35.3–50.3)	(54.9–60.1)	(44.5–60.6)	(41.7–67.5)	(56.4–78.8)	(55.0–59.4)	
Some of the time	%	29.0	26.3	19.4	19.8	18.5	25.5	
	95% CI	(17.8–40.1)	(24.1–28.5)	(14.9–23.9)	(11.8–27.8)	(12.4–24.5)	(23.5–27.4)	
A little/ none of the time	%	26.8	15.3	26.3	24.8	11.0	16.3	
	95% CI	(19.9–33.8)	(13.7–17.0)	(19.2–33.4)	(14.0–35.7)	(5.9–16.0)	(14.7–18.0)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often been a happy person	
All/ most of the time	%	51.1	72.9	74.3	69.2	71.1	71.9	
	95% CI	(43.6–58.5)	(70.5–75.3)	(65.6–82.9)	(56.2–82.2)	(63.5–78.7)	(69.8–74.1)	
Some of the time	%	24.9	18.6	15.7	18.3	23.7	19.0	
	95% CI	(15.8–34.1)	(16.7–20.6)	(11.8–19.7)	(9.9–26.7)	(13.0–34.4)	(17.2–20.8)	
A little/ none of the time	%	23.6	7.8	8.2	*12.2	*2.8	8.3	
	95% CI	(16.8–30.4)	(6.7–8.9)	(4.3–12.0)	(3.4–21.1)	(0.1–5.5)	(7.2–9.3)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often felt full of life	
All/ most of the time	%	43.6	55.2	57.7	54.1	61.5	55.2	
	95% CI	(32.8–54.5)	(52.8–57.5)	(47.8–67.5)	(42.2–65.9)	(50.6–72.5)	(53.3–57.0)	
Some of the time	%	25.7	27.1	20.3	21.3	26.5	26.6	
	95% CI	(18.4–33.1)	(25.0–29.2)	(15.2–25.4)	(12.5–30.1)	(16.4–36.6)	(24.7–28.4)	
A little/ none of the time	%	30.3	17.0	19.0	*24.4	8.8	17.3	
	95% CI	(23.0–37.6)	(15.3–18.7)	(13.7–24.4)	(12.3–36.5)	(5.2–12.4)	(15.7–18.9)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had a lot of energy	
All/ most of the time	%	39.0	47.3	52.3	43.8	55.2	47.6	
	95% CI	(28.1–49.9)	(44.9–49.7)	(42.3–62.2)	(34.4–53.2)	(44.2–66.2)	(45.5–49.8)	
Some of the time	%	27.6	30.5	25.8	34.0	31.5	30.2	
	95% CI	(20.9–34.2)	(28.2–32.8)	(20.2–31.4)	(22.1–45.8)	(19.9–43.1)	(28.2–32.3)	
A little/ none of the time	%	33.4	21.4	19.5	22.0	10.3	21.2	
	95% CI	(26.8–40.0)	(19.6–23.2)	(13.9–25.0)	(11.3–32.7)	(6.0–14.7)	(19.5–22.9)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	9,500	198,400	12,900	4,700	13,400	238,900	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Excludes missing responses on variable treatment when seeking health care compared
with non-Indigenous people (8%).
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable positive wellbeing.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Discrimination (Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander) – Positive wellbeing
Table E183: Positive wellbeing by whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait 
Islander, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander	
	 	Yes	No	Total(a)	
How often felt calm and peaceful	
All/ most of the time	%	46.5	58.6	56.4	
	95% CI	(41.4–51.5)	(56.1–61.0)	(54.2–58.6)	
Some of the time	%	27.7	25.4	25.6	
	95% CI	(23.8–31.6)	(23.3–27.4)	(23.8–27.4)	
A little/ none of the time	%	24.1	15.1	16.5	
	95% CI	(20.1–28.0)	(13.5–16.7)	(14.9–18.0)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often been a happy person	
All/ most of the time	%	61.4	73.6	71.4	
	95% CI	(56.9–65.8)	(71.3–75.9)	(69.5–73.3)	
Some of the time	%	23.1	18.2	18.8	
	95% CI	(18.3–27.8)	(16.4–19.9)	(17.1–20.6)	
A little/ none of the time	%	13.9	7.4	8.4	
	95% CI	(11.2–16.6)	(6.4–8.5)	(7.4–9.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often felt full of life	
All/ most of the time	%	45.9	56.4	54.6	
	95% CI	(41.0–50.9)	(54.4–58.5)	(52.8–56.4)	
Some of the time	%	27.6	26.6	26.6	
	95% CI	(23.1–32.1)	(24.6–28.6)	(24.8–28.4)	
A little/ none of the time	%	24.9	16.0	17.3	
	95% CI	(21.3–28.5)	(14.5–17.5)	(15.8–18.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had a lot of energy	
All/ most of the time	%	42.1	48.3	47.2	
	95% CI	(37.7–46.5)	(46.0–50.6)	(45.2–49.2)	
Some of the time	%	28.7	30.8	30.3	
	95% CI	(23.8–33.7)	(28.7–33.0)	(28.4–32.2)	
A little/ none of the time	%	27.6	19.9	21.1	
	95% CI	(23.5–31.7)	(18.4–21.5)	(19.4–22.7)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	40,400	216,300	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable positive wellbeing.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Discrimination (health) – Anger
Table E184: Anger by treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people	
		Worse	Same	Better	Only encountered Indigenous people	Did not seek health care	Total(a)	
How often felt annoyed or irritated	
A lot	%	27.7	15.5	18.3	19.6	*8.0	15.8	
	95% CI	(21.1–34.4)	(13.9–17.1)	(12.9–23.7)	(13.1–26.1)	(4.0–12.0)	(14.3–17.2)	
Some	%	50.3	55.3	46.8	59.8	50.9	54.4	
	95% CI	(40.1–60.5)	(53.2–57.3)	(40.8–52.8)	(45.7–73.9)	(39.1–62.8)	(52.6–56.3)	
Not at all	%	22.0	28.5	33.0	19.5	38.7	28.8	
	95% CI	(14.2–29.7)	(26.0–30.9)	(24.6–41.4)	(10.6–28.5)	(27.8–49.6)	(26.6–31.1)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had violent thoughts	
A lot	%	*10.2	4.0	*4.1	*4.9	**2.8	4.2	
	95% CI	(4.9–15.5)	(3.3–4.8)	(1.4–6.9)	(0.8–9.0)	(–0.9–6.4)	(3.5–4.9)	
Some	%	29.2	17.6	19.6	17.7	16.4	18.1	
	95% CI	(20.3–38.0)	(15.8–19.3)	(15.1–24.1)	(11.0–24.4)	(10.9–21.9)	(16.5–19.7)	
Not at all	%	60.6	77.7	74.2	76.0	78.5	76.8	
	95% CI	(54.1–67.0)	(76.0–79.3)	(66.7–81.7)	(63.5–88.4)	(70.8–86.1)	(75.3–78.3)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
A lot	%	*9.5	3.4	*2.5	**2.8	*0.9	3.5	
	95% CI	(4.3–14.7)	(2.6–4.3)	(0.8–4.3)	(–0.3–5.9)	(0.1–1.8)	(2.7–4.2)	
Some	%	28.3	15.8	14.1	*11.0	10.3	15.8	
	95% CI	(20.9–35.7)	(14.1–17.6)	(9.2–19.1)	(3.6–18.5)	(6.5–14.0)	(14.3–17.3)	
Not at all	%	62.2	80.0	81.5	85.1	85.9	79.8	
	95% CI	(52.9–71.4)	(78.3–81.6)	(75.8–87.3)	(74.7–95.5)	(78.4–93.4)	(78.5–81.1)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often got into a lot of arguments	
A lot	%	15.2	5.2	*7.5	*6.0	*3.5	5.7	
	95% CI	(8.5–21.9)	(4.2–6.2)	(3.2–11.8)	(1.6–10.3)	(0.6–6.5)	(4.7–6.6)	
Some	%	40.7	28.3	31.6	37.2	22.2	28.8	
	95% CI	(29.4–52.0)	(26.0–30.6)	(23.9–39.3)	(25.2–49.2)	(14.9–29.5)	(26.8–30.9)	
Not at all	%	42.4	65.8	59.1	55.7	71.3	64.6	
	95% CI	(34.3–50.4)	(63.4–68.1)	(52.0–66.2)	(41.8–69.6)	(61.0–81.6)	(62.5–66.7)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
(continued)
Table E184 (continued): Anger by treatment when seeking health care compared with 
non-Indigenous people, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
Treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people	
		Worse	Same	Better	Only encountered Indigenous people	Did not seek health care	Total(a)	
How often shouting or throwing things	
A lot	%	*9.8	4.3	*4.0	*6.3	*0.7	4.4	
	95% CI	(4.4–15.1)	(3.5–5.1)	(1.7–6.4)	(1.3–11.3)	(0.0–1.4)	(3.6–5.1)	
Some	%	34.7	20.9	25.4	23.3	17.6	21.5	
	95% CI	(24.8–44.6)	(19.0–22.7)	(18.1–32.6)	(12.8–33.8)	(11.3–23.9)	(19.9–23.2)	
Not at all	%	53.9	74.1	68.8	70.1	78.7	73.2	
	95% CI	(46.8–60.9)	(72.0–76.2)	(61.3–76.3)	(56.2–84.1)	(68.8–88.6)	(71.3–75.1)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	9,500	198,400	12,900	4,700	13,400	238,900	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Excludes missing responses on variable treatment when seeking health care compared
with non-Indigenous people (8%).
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable anger.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Discrimination (Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander) – Anger
Table E185: Positive wellbeing by whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait 
Islander, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05
              Whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander	
	 	Yes	No	Total(a)	
How often felt easily annoyed or irritated	
A lot	%	23.8	14.4	15.8	
	95% CI	(20.0–27.6)	(13.0–15.8)	(14.3–17.3)	
Some	%	57.4	54.3	54.5	
	95% CI	(52.6–62.2)	(52.3–56.2)	(52.8–56.2)	
Not at all	%	16.8	30.4	28.2	
	95% CI	(13.5–20.2)	(27.9–33.0)	(26.0–30.4)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had violent thoughts	
A lot	%	6.6	3.9	4.3	
	95% CI	(4.9–8.2)	(3.2–4.7)	(3.6–5.0)	
Some	%	26.9	17.3	18.7	
	95% CI	(22.3–31.4)	(15.7–18.8)	(17.1–20.2)	
Not at all	%	65.0	77.9	75.6	
	95% CI	(61.3–68.7)	(76.0–79.8)	(73.9–77.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
A lot	%	6.9	2.8	3.4	
	95% CI	(5.1–8.6)	(2.1–3.6)	(2.8–4.1)	
Some	%	22.2	15.2	16.2	
	95% CI	(18.0–26.5)	(13.8–16.6)	(14.8–17.6)	
Not at all	%	69.2	81.1	78.9	
	95% CI	(64.9–73.6)	(79.7–82.5)	(77.7–80.1)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often got into a lot of arguments	
A lot	%	8.9	5.0	5.6	
	95% CI	(6.5–11.3)	(4.1–5.9)	(4.7–6.5)	
Some	%	38.8	27.7	29.3	
	95% CI	(33.4–44.3)	(25.4–30.0)	(27.3–31.3)	
Not at all	%	50.7	66.4	63.7	
	95% CI	(45.8–55.7)	(64.1–68.6)	(61.6–65.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often shouting or throwing things	
A lot	%	7.6	3.6	4.2	
	95% CI	(5.9–9.3)	(2.9–4.4)	(3.5–4.9)	
Some	%	30.3	20.8	22.2	
	95% CI	(25.6–35.0)	(19.2–22.5)	(20.6–23.8)	
Not at all	%	60.4	74.6	72.1	
	95% CI	(55.4–65.5)	(72.7–76.6)	(70.3–73.9)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	40,400	216,300	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable anger.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Discrimination (health care) – Discrimination (Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander)
Table E186: Whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander by treatment 
when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05
Treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people	
	 	Worse	Same	Better	Only encountered Indigenous people	Did not seek health care	Total(a)	
Whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander	
Yes	%	67.0	12.6	18.6	30.1	*14.5	15.6	
	95% CI	(62.6–71.4)	(11.2–14.0)	(12.0–25.2)	(18.6–41.7)	(5.0–24.0)	(14.0–17.1)	
No 	%	33.0	87.3	81.0	69.9	85.5	84.4	
	95% CI	(21.6–44.4)	(85.7–88.9)	(72.4–89.6)	(57.8–82.0)	(80.2–90.8)	(82.6–86.1)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	9,500	198,400	12,900	4,700	13,400	238,900	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Excludes missing responses on variable treatment when seeking health care compared
with non-Indigenous people (8%).
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Discrimination (health) – Life stressors
Table E187: Life stressors by treatment when seeking health care compared with 
non-Indigenous people, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
Treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people	
		Worse	Same	Better	Only encountered Indigenous people	Did not seek health care	Total(a)	
Number of life stressors	
Average stressors	no.	4.6	2.4	3.4	4.0	2.1	2.5	
	95% CI	(4.0–5.2)	(2.2–2.5)	(2.8–4.0)	(3.0–5.0)	(1.7–2.4)	(2.4–2.7)	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)	9,500	198,400	12,900	4,700	13,400	238,900	
(a)	Excludes missing responses on variable treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people (8%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Discrimination (Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander) – Life stressors

Table E188: Life stressors by whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
Whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander	
 	 	Yes	No	Total(a)	
Number of life stressors				
Average stressors	no.	4.5	2.2	2.5	
	95% CI	(4.2–4.9)	(2.1–2.3)	(2.4–2.7)	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)	40,400	216,300	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Discrimination (Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander) – Reported discrimination as stressor

Table E189: Whether reported discrimination as stressor by whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander, Indigenous people aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
                                           Whether felt treated badly because Indigenous	
 	 	Yes	No	Total(a)	
Reported discrimination as a stressor	%	49.3	4.7	11.6	
	95% CI	(43.8–54.9)	(3.8–5.6)	(10.3–13.0)	
Did not report discrimination as a stressor	%	50.7	95.3	88.4	
	95% CI	(47.1–54.2)	(94.0–96.6)	(86.6–90.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	40,400	216,300	258,300	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable whether reported discrimination as a stressor.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Cultural identification (tribe) – Psychological distress
Table E190: Psychological distress by whether identifies with tribal group, language group 
or clan, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
Whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan	
		Identifies	Does not identify	Total(a)	
Psychological distress	
Low/ moderate	%	71.0	73.1	71.6	
	95% CI	(67.7–74.3)	(69.4–76.8)	(69.2–74.1)	
High/ very high	%	28.4	26.2	27.6	
	95% CI	(25.2–31.7)	(22.9–29.6)	(25.1–30.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	84,900	93,300	185,500	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Cultural identification (homelands) – Psychological distress
Table E191: Psychological distress by whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed 
to visit homeland, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
Whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland	
		Recognises homelands and 	Does not recognise homelands	Total(a)
 	
	 	Currently lives there	Does not live there but allowed to visit	Does not live there and not allowed to visit			
Psychological distress	
Low/ moderate	%	72.2	70.3	*64.4	73.3	71.6	
	95% CI	(66.4–78.0)	(66.9–73.7)	(30.5–98.3)	(69.0–77.5)	(69.2–74.1)	
High/ very high	%	26.7	29.1	*35.6	25.9	27.6	
	95% CI	(20.9–32.6)	(25.3–32.9)	(10.2–61.1)	(22.0–29.7)	(25.1–30.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b) 	27,900	80,800	1,100	70,500	185,500	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Cultural identification (tribe) – Impact
Table E192: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings by whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over, 2004–05	
Whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan	
		Identifies	Does not identify	Total(a)	
Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
0 days	%	80.4	80.6	80.2	
	95% CI	(77.5–83.3)	(77.3–84.0)	(77.8–82.5)	
1–2 days	%	5.4	5.2	5.4	
	95% CI	(4.0–6.8)	(3.6–6.9)	(4.2–6.5)	
3–14 days	%	11.1	10.4	10.6	
	95% CI	(9.1–13.2)	(7.0–13.8)	(8.7–12.5)	
15 days or more	%	2.9	3.4	3.2	
	95% CI	(1.9–3.9)	(2.3–4.6)	(2.4–4.1)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	71,800	77,000	155,000	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities.
Notes
1.	Non-remote population only. 
2.	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Table E193: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
           Whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan	
	 	Identifies	Does not identify	Total(a)	
Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
0 visits	%	88.6	88.4	88.1	
	95% CI	(86.4–90.9)	(85.3–91.4)	(86.2–90.0)	
1 visit	%	4.8	4.3	4.7	
	95% CI	(3.3–6.3)	(3.0–5.7)	(3.7–5.7)	
2 visits	%	3.1	2.8	3.0	
	95% CI	(1.9–4.4)	(1.8–3.9)	(2.2–3.8)	
3 visits or more	%	3.2	*4.4	3.8	
	95% CI	(1.8–4.6)	(1.4–7.5)	(2.0–5.5)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	71,800	77,000	155,000	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
Notes
1.	Non-remote population only. 
2.	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Cultural identification (homelands) – Impact
Table E194: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings by whether recognised homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
Whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland	
		Recognises homelands and	Does not recognise homelands	Total(a) 	
	 	Currently lives there	Does not live there but allowed to visit	Does not live there and not allowed to visit			
Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
0 days	%	82.5	79.7	*67.2	80.6	80.2	
	95% CI	(78.2–86.7)	(76.6–82.8)	(32.2–102.1)	(77.2–84.1)	(77.8–82.5)	
1–2 days	%	*5.2	6.5	**3.8	3.9	5.4	
	95% CI	(2.5–8.0)	(4.8–8.2)	(–3.4–11.1)	(2.4–5.5)	(4.2–6.5)	
3–14 days	%	9.3	10.5	**17.0	11.6	10.6	
	95% CI	(5.5–13.1)	(8.5–12.5)	(–10.8–44.8)	(7.2–16.0)	(8.7–12.5)	
15 days or more	%	*3.0	2.8	**12.0	3.6	3.2	
	95% CI	(1.3–4.7)	(1.9–3.8)	(–8.8–32.8)	(2.0–5.2)	(2.4–4.1)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b) 	23,100	68,900	900	57,400	155,000	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings.
Notes
1.	Non-remote population only. 
2.	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E195: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings by whether recognised homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05	
Whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland	
		Recognises homelands and	Does not recognise homelands	Total 	
	 	Currently lives there	Does not live there but allowed to visit	Does not live there and not allowed to visit			
Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
0 visits	%	89.6	89.0	63.4	87.9	88.1	
	95% CI	(85.9–93.3)	(86.1–92.0)	(41.9–85.0)	(84.6–91.3)	(86.2–90.0)	
1 visit	%	*6.1	5.0	0.0	3.4	4.7	
	95% CI	(3.1–9.1)	(3.5–6.6)	. .	(2.2–4.7)	(3.7–5.7)	
2 visits	%	*1.5	2.6	**25.3	3.6	3.0	
	95% CI	(0.5–2.6)	(1.4–3.7)	(–14.6–65.3)	(2.2–5.1)	(2.2–3.8)	
3 visits or more	%	*2.8	3.1	**11.2	*5.0	3.8	
	95% CI	(1.0–4.5)	(1.7–4.5)	(–9.7–32.2)	(1.0–9.0)	(2.0–5.5)	
Total	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people 	23,100	68,900	900	57,400	155,000	
* 	Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** 	Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
. .	Not applicable.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professionals about feelings.
Notes
1.	Non-remote population only. 
2.	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Cultural identification (tribe) – Positive wellbeing
Table E196: Positive wellbeing by whether identifies with tribal group, language group 
or clan, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
                    Whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan	
	 	Identifies	Does not identify	Total(a)	
How often felt calm and peaceful	
All/ most of the time	%	53.9	56.4	54.9	
	95% CI	(50.0–57.8)	(52.4–60.3)	(52.0–57.8)	
Some of the time	%	26.3	25.4	25.8	
	95% CI	(23.6–29.0)	(21.9–28.9)	(23.6–28.0)	
A little/ none of the time	%	18.9	17.4	18.1	
	95% CI	(16.2–21.5)	(14.9–19.9)	(16.0–20.1)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often been a happy person	
All/ most of the time	%	69.9	70.9	70.2	
	95% CI	(66.2–73.6)	(66.7–75.0)	(67.6–72.8)	
Some of the time	%	20.4	18.9	19.5	
	95% CI	(17.6–23.2)	(15.8–22.0)	(17.3–21.6)	
A little/ none of the time	%	9.0	9.4	9.3	
	95% CI	(7.1–10.9)	(7.8–11.1)	(8.0–10.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often felt full of life	
All/ most of the time	%	51.8	52.1	51.7	
	95% CI	(48.7–54.9)	(48.1–56.0)	(49.2–54.1)	
Some of the time	%	26.5	29.0	27.8	
	95% CI	(23.2–29.9)	(25.7–32.3)	(25.5–30.1)	
A little/ none of the time	%	21.0	18.2	19.4	
	95% CI	(18.1–23.9)	(15.9–20.5)	(17.5–21.3)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had a lot of energy	
All/ most of the time	%	43.9	44.3	43.9	
	95% CI	(40.0–47.7)	(40.8–47.7)	(41.3–46.4)	
Some of the time	%	30.3	31.9	31.3	
	95% CI	(27.1–33.4)	(28.3–35.5)	(28.9–33.6)	
A little/ none of the time	%	25.2	23.0	23.8	
	95% CI	(22.1–28.2)	(20.5–25.6)	(21.7–25.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	84,900	93,300	185,500	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable positive wellbeing.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Cultural identification (homelands) – Positive wellbeing
Table E197: Positive wellbeing by whether recognised homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to 
visit homeland, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
Whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland	
		Recognises homelands and	Does not recognise homelands	Total(a)
 	
	 	Currently lives there	Does not live there but allowed to visit	Does not live there and not allowed to visit			
How often felt calm and peaceful	
All/ most of the time	%	57.2	54.1	*61.2	54.4	54.9	
	95% CI	(50.7–63.7)	(49.7–58.5)	(29.2–93.2)	(50.8–58.0)	(52.0–57.8)	
Some of the time	%	26.9	24.9	**17.5	27.2	25.8	
	95% CI	(21.8–32.0)	(21.7–28.1)	(–7.0–42.1)	(22.6–31.7)	(23.6–28.0)	
A little/ none of the time	%	14.8	20.1	**21.2	17.4	18.1	
	95% CI	(10.7–18.9)	(17.1–23.0)	(–1.5–44.0)	(14.7–20.1)	(16.0–20.1)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often been a happy person	
All/ most of the time	%	69.2	71.3	87.1	68.9	70.2	
	95% CI	(62.8–75.6)	(68.2–74.5)	(64.2–109.9)	(64.9–72.9)	(67.6–72.8)	
Some of the time	%	22.2	18.6	**0.7	20.4	19.5	
	95% CI	(16.0–28.4)	(15.8–21.3)	(–0.8–2.1)	(16.4–24.4)	(17.3–21.6)	
A little/ none of the time	%	7.6	9.5	**12.3	9.7	9.3	
	95% CI	(4.8–10.3)	(7.5–11.4)	(–6.4–30.9)	(7.6–11.9)	(8.0–10.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often felt full of life	
All/ most of the time	%	50.0	51.7	*62.1	51.8	51.7	
	95% CI	(44.0–56.0)	(48.2–55.2)	(28.7–95.5)	(47.5–56.1)	(49.2–54.1)	
Some of the time	%	29.3	26.1	**15.7	30.0	27.8	
	95% CI	(22.5–36.1)	(22.8–29.4)	(–9.1–40.4)	(25.6–34.4)	(25.5–30.1)	
A little/ none of the time	%	19.6	21.5	*22.2	17.2	19.4	
	95% CI	(13.8–25.4)	(19.0–24.0)	(0.7–43.8)	(14.5–20.0)	(17.5–21.3)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had a lot of energy	
All/ most of the time	%	42.3	41.9	*51.1	46.0	43.9	
	95% CI	(36.1–48.4)	(38.1–45.8)	(16.4–85.7)	(41.9–50.2)	(41.3–46.4)	
Some of the time	%	33.1	31.7	**1.7	31.2	31.3	
	95% CI	(25.8–40.3)	(28.0–35.4)	(–1.6–5.0)	(27.0–35.5)	(28.9–33.6)	
A little/ none of the time	%	23.6	25.6	*47.2	21.8	23.8	
	95% CI	(17.6–29.5)	(22.5–28.8)	(18.6–75.9)	(19.0–24.6)	(21.7–25.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	27,900	80,800	1,100	70,500	185,500	
* Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Cultural identification (tribe) – Anger
Table E198: Anger by whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan, 
Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
              Whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan	
	 	Identifies	Does not identify	Total(a)	
How often felt easily annoyed or irritated	
A lot	%	16.4	17.9	17.2	
	95% CI	(13.5–19.4)	(15.3–20.5)	(15.4–19.1)	
Some	%	56.5	55.5	55.9	
	95% CI	(53.4–59.6)	(51.6–59.5)	(53.7–58.1)	
Not at all	%	26.3	25.9	25.7	
	95% CI	(22.9–29.7)	(22.9–28.9)	(23.2–28.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had violent thoughts	
A lot	%	3.9	4.6	4.4	
	95% CI	(2.8–5.0)	(3.1–6.1)	(3.5–5.4)	
Some	%	17.6	15.3	16.6	
	95% CI	(15.0–20.3)	(12.9–17.7)	(14.8–18.4)	
Not at all	%	77.8	79.3	77.9	
	95% CI	(75.5–80.1)	(76.6–82.0)	(75.9–79.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
A lot	%	3.0	3.5	3.7	
	95% CI	(2.1–3.9)	(2.3–4.7)	(2.8–4.6)	
Some	%	15.2	14.6	15.1	
	95% CI	(12.6–17.9)	(12.2–17.0)	(13.3–16.9)	
Not at all	%	81.1	81.1	80.1	
	95% CI	(78.5–83.6)	(78.7–83.5)	(78.5–81.7)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often got into a lot of arguments	
A lot	%	5.4	5.6	5.7	
	95% CI	(3.7–7.1)	(4.2–7.0)	(4.5–6.8)	
Some	%	29.2	26.7	28.1	
	95% CI	(25.9–32.5)	(22.3–31.0)	(25.5–30.8)	
Not at all	%	64.7	66.9	65.1	
	95% CI	(61.5–68.0)	(63.0–70.7)	(62.3–68.0)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often shouting or throwing things	
A lot	%	4.0	3.7	4.1	
	95% CI	(2.9–5.1)	(2.5–4.8)	(3.2–4.9)	
Some	%	20.5	20.6	20.7	
	95% CI	(17.5–23.6)	(17.7–23.6)	(18.6–22.7)	
Not at all	%	74.8	74.9	74.2	
	95% CI	(72.4–77.2)	(71.3–78.6)	(71.8–76.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	84,900	93,300	185,500	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable anger.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Cultural identification (homelands) – Anger
Table E199: Anger by whether recognised homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
Whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland	
		Recognises homelands and	Does not recognise homelands	Total(a)
 	
	 	Currently lives there	Does not live there but allowed to visit	Does not live there and not allowed to visit			
How often felt easily annoyed or irritated	
A lot	%	18.1	17.3	*30.0	16.6	17.2	
	95% CI	(12.5–23.6)	(14.5–20.0)	(2.9–57.1)	(13.7–19.5)	(15.4–19.1)	
Some	%	52.7	57.3	*46.8	55.9	55.9	
	95% CI	(45.8–59.6)	(53.3–61.3)	(11.4–82.3)	(51.4–60.3)	(53.7–58.1)	
Not at all	%	28.3	24.7	*23.2	26.6	25.7	
	95% CI	(21.4–35.2)	(21.1–28.3)	(0.6–45.8)	(23.4–29.8)	(23.2–28.2)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had violent thoughts	
A lot	%	*3.2	4.8	0.0	4.5	4.4	
	95% CI	(1.1–5.2)	(3.4–6.2)	. .	(2.7–6.4)	(3.5–5.4)	
Some	%	17.9	16.4	**3.4	16.3	16.6	
	95% CI	(13.3–22.6)	(13.6–19.2)	(–3.0–9.7)	(13.2–19.4)	(14.8–18.4)	
Not at all	%	78.0	78.1	96.6	78.0	77.9	
	95% CI	(71.4–84.7)	(75.7–80.5)	(81.1–112.1)	(74.5–81.4)	(75.9–79.8)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
A lot	%	*4.0	4.0	**2.9	3.1	3.7	
	95% CI	(1.8–6.1)	(2.3–5.7)	(–2.8–8.6)	(1.8–4.3)	(2.8–4.6)	
Some	%	12.5	14.2	*28.7	16.2	15.1	
	95% CI	(8.9–16.2)	(11.5–16.9)	(1.1–56.3)	(13.2–19.2)	(13.3–16.9)	
Not at all	%	82.6	81.1	68.4	79.6	80.1	
	95% CI	(77.9–87.3)	(79.5–82.8)	(37.2–99.6)	(76.4–82.7)	(78.5–81.7)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often got into a lot of arguments	
A lot	%	5.3	5.5	0.0	6.1	5.7	
	95% CI	(3.0–7.6)	(3.7–7.2)	. .	(4.2–8.0)	(4.5–6.8)	
Some	%	27.2	28.2	*28.3	27.8	28.1	
	95% CI	(20.4–34.1)	(24.3–32.2)	(0.7–55.9)	(22.6–33.0)	(25.5–30.8)	
Not at all	%	66.6	65.6	71.7	64.9	65.1	
	95% CI	(59.2–73.9)	(63.1–68.2)	(43.3–100.1)	(60.9–68.9)	(62.3–68.0)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
		
Table C199(continued): Anger by whether recognised homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed 
to visit homeland, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
Whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland	
		Recognises homelands and	Does not recognise homelands	Total(a)
 	
	 	Currently lives there	Does not live there but allowed to visit	Does not live there and not allowed to visit			
How often shouting or throwing things	
A lot	%	4.7	4.1	**9.8	3.5	4.1	
	95% CI	(2.5–6.8)	(2.9–5.2)	(–8.7–28.2)	(2.0–5.0)	(3.2–4.9)	
Some	%	19.2	20.3	**21.8	21.2	20.7	
	95% CI	(13.7–24.7)	(17.0–23.5)	(–2.7–46.4)	(17.6–24.8)	(18.6–22.7)	
Not at all	%	75.3	75.0	68.4	74.2	74.2	
	95% CI	(68.3–82.2)	(72.3–77.7)	(37.2–99.6)	(70.1–78.3)	(71.8–76.6)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	27,900	80,800	1,100	70,500	185,500	
* Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
. .	Not applicable.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable anger.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Cultural identification (tribe) – Life stressors
Table E200: Life stressors by whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
              Whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan	
	 	Identifies	Does not identify	Total(a)	
Number of life stressors	
Average stressors	no.	3.1	1.8	2.4	
	95% CI	(2.9–3.3)	(1.6–1.9)	(2.2–2.5)	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)	84,900	93,300	185,500	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Cultural identification (homelands) – Life stressors
Table E201: Life stressors by whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to 
visit homeland, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
Whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland	
		Recognises homelands and	Does not recognise homelands	Total(a)
 	
	 	Currently lives there	Does not live there but allowed to visit	Does not live there and not allowed to visit			
Number of life stressors	
Average stressors	no.	2.9	2.8	*3.2	1.7	2.4	
	95% CI	(2.4–3.5)	(2.6–2.9)	(1.4–4.9)	(1.5–2.0)	(2.2–2.5)	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)	27,900	80,800	1,100	70,500	185,500	
* Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Cultural identification (tribe) – Discrimination
Table E202: Discrimination by whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
                                      Whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan	
	 	Identifies	Does not identify	Total(a)	
Treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people	
Worse	%	4.6	*2.0	3.4	
	95% CI	(3.3–5.8)	(0.9–3.1)	(2.4–4.4)	
Same	%	82.5	88.4	85.4	
	95% CI	(78.8–86.1)	(86.2–90.6)	(83.0–87.7)	
Better	%	3.0	3.0	3.0	
	95% CI	(1.9–4.0)	(1.8–4.2)	(2.2–3.9)	
Only encountered Indigenous people	%	3.5	*0.9	2.1	
	95% CI	(2.4–4.6)	(0.3–1.5)	(1.5–2.8)	
Did not seek health care	%	6.4	5.7	6.0	
	95% CI	(4.2–8.7)	(3.9–7.5)	(4.5–7.5)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	78,400	87,600	171,900	
Whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander	
Yes	%	24.9	7.0	15.5	
	95% CI	(21.8–28.0)	(5.6–8.5)	(13.7–17.3)	
No	%	75.0	92.8	84.0	
	95% CI	(72.3–77.8)	(90.6–95.0)	(82.0–85.9)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(c)	84,900	93,300	185,500	
* Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people (8%).
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Cultural identification (homelands) – Discrimination
Table E203: Discrimination by whether recognised homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
Whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland	
		Recognises homelands and	Does not recognise homelands	Total(a) 	
	 	Currently lives there	Does not live there but allowed to visit	Does not live there and not allowed to visit			
Treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people	
Worse	%	4.6	3.4	**11.9	*2.7	3.4	
	95% CI	(2.5–6.6)	(2.3–4.5)	(–10.5–34.4)	(1.2–4.2)	(2.4–4.4)	
Same	%	80.0	85.6	76.4	87.7	85.4	
	95% CI	(73.0–87.1)	(82.9–88.4)	(45.9–106.9)	(84.7–90.6)	(83.0–87.7)	
Better	%	*3.7	3.5	0.0	*2.1	3.0	
	95% CI	(1.7–5.8)	(2.3–4.6)	. .	(0.9–3.3)	(2.2–3.9)	
Only encountered Indigenous people	%	*3.9	2.9	0.0	*0.5	2.1	
	95% CI	(1.7–6.1)	(1.9–4.0)	. .	(0.1–0.9)	(1.5–2.8)	
Did not seek health care	%	*7.8	4.6	**11.7	7.0	6.0	
	95% CI	(2.0–13.6)	(2.8–6.3)	(–5.1–28.5)	(4.9–9.2)	(4.5–7.5)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	26,400	75,000	900	65,400	171,900	
Whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander	
Yes	%	21.6	20.9	**35.2	6.0	15.5	
	95% CI	(16.1–27.0)	(18.2–23.7)	(–2.0–72.5)	(4.5–7.4)	(13.7–17.3)	
No	%	78.4	79.0	64.8	93.5	84.0	
	95% CI	(74.0–82.9)	(75.7–82.3)	(44.2–85.4)	(91.0–96.0)	(82.0–85.9)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(c)	27,900	80,800	1,100	70,500	185,500	
* Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
. .	Not applicable.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable treatment when seeking health care compared with non-Indigenous people (8%).
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Culture identification (tribe) – Culture identification (homelands)
Table E204: Whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland by 
whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over, 2004–05	
Whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan	
	 	Identifies	Does not identify	Total(a)	
Whether recognises homelands/ lives on homelands/ allowed to visit homelands	
Recognises homelands and	
currently lives there	%	23.8	7.9	15.0	
	95% CI	(19.5–28.1)	(5.8–10.0)	(12.7–17.3)	
does not currently live there but allowed to visit	%	68.2	23.6	43.6	
	95% CI	(64.5–71.9)	(20.0–27.3)	(40.4–46.7)	
does not currently live there and not allowed to visit	%	*0.9	**0.4	*0.6	
	95% CI	(0.2–1.6)	(0.0–0.7)	(0.2–0.9)	
Doesn’t recognise homelands	%	5.9	67.5	38.0	
	95% CI	(4.4–7.5)	(63.4–71.6)	(35.0–41.0)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	84,900	93,300	185,500	
* Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable whether recognises homeland/lives on homeland/allowed to visit homeland.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Cultural identification (homelands) – Cultural identification (tribe)
Table E205: Whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan by whether recognised homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
Whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland	
		Recognises homelands and	Does not recognise homelands	Total(a)
 	
	 	Currently lives there	Does not live there but allowed to visit	Does not live there and not allowed to visit			
Whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan	
Yes	%	72.4	71.6	*68.6	7.1	45.7	
	95% CI	(63.6–81.1)	(67.6–75.6)	(34.9–102.3)	(5.3–9.0)	(42.4–49.1)	
No	%	26.3	27.3	*31.4	89.4	50.3	
	95% CI	(20.3–32.3)	(23.2–31.4)	(7.3–55.5)	(86.1–92.7)	(47.1–53.5)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	27,900	80,800	1,100	70,500	185,500	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Cultural identification (tribe) – Removal from family
Table E206: Removal from family by whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
                                               Whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan	
	 	Identifies	Does not identify	Total(a)	
Removal from family	
Respondent removed (with or without removal of relative)	%	10.3	6.2	8.3	
	95% CI	(7.9–12.7)	(4.0–8.4)	(6.8–9.9)	
Relative only removed	%	55.4	27.5	41.0	
	95% CI	(51.4–59.4)	(23.8–31.2)	(37.8–44.1)	
Neither self nor family member removed	%	34.3	66.3	50.7	
	95% CI	(29.8–38.8)	(61.0–71.6)	(47.0–54.5)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	71,100	74,100	150,600	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether identifies with tribal group, language group or clan.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable removal from family (17%).
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Cultural identification (homelands) – Removal from family 
Table E207: Removal from family by whether recognised homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed 
to visit homeland, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
Whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland	
		Recognises homelands and	Does not recognise homelands	Total(a)
 	
	 	Currently lives there	Does not live there but allowed to visit	Does not live there and not allowed to visit			
Removal from family	
Respondent removed (with or without removal of relative)	%	6.3	11.4	**7.6	5.4	8.3	
	95% CI	(3.6–9.1)	(8.4–14.3)	(–0.0–15.3)	(3.8–7.0)	(6.8–9.9)	
Relative only removed	%	48.5	53.1	*68.7	22.4	41.0	
	95% CI	(39.7–57.2)	(48.6–57.5)	(30.9–106.5)	(18.8–26.0)	(37.8–44.1)	
Neither self nor family member removed	%	45.2	35.6	*23.6	72.2	50.7	
	95% CI	(35.3–55.1)	(31.6–39.5)	(0.9–46.4)	(67.0–77.4)	(47.0–54.5)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b) 	23,800	67,400	1,000	54,600	150,600	
* Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
** Estimate has a relative standard error greater than 50% and is considered too unreliable for general use.
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable removal from family (17%).
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E208: Whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander by whether recognised homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05	
Whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland	
		Recognises homelands and	Does not recognise homelands	Total(a)
 	
	 	Currently lives there	Does not live there but allowed to visit	Does not live there and not allowed to visit			
Whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander	
Yes	%	21.6	20.9	**35.2	6.0	15.5	
	95% CI	(16.1–27.0)	(18.2–23.7)	(–2.0–72.5)	(4.5–7.4)	(13.7–17.3)	
No	%	78.4	79.0	64.8	93.5	84.0	
	95% CI	(74.0–82.9)	(75.7–82.3)	(44.2–85.4)	(91.0–96.0)	(82.0–85.9)	
Total(b)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(a)(b)	27,900	80,800	1,100	70,500	185,500	
(a)	Includes missing responses on variable whether recognises homeland/ lives on homeland/ allowed to visit homeland.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable whether felt treated badly because Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander.
Note:	Non-remote population only.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Removal from family – Psychological distress
Table E209: Removal from family by psychological distress, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
Removal from family	
 	 	Respondent removed(a)	Relative only removed	None removed	Total(b)	
Psychological distress	
Low/ moderate	%	61.3	69.9	74.1	71.5	
	95% CI	(54.1–68.5)	(66.7–73.1)	(70.9–77.3)	(69.3–73.8)	
High/ very high	%	38.1	29.4	23.7	26.9	
	95% CI	(31.9–44.2)	(26.2–32.6)	(21.1–26.4)	(24.8–29.1)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(b)(c)	18,000	78,400	122,000	218,400	
(a)	With or without removal of relative.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable removal from family (17%).
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable psychological distress.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Removal from family – Impact
Table E210: Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings 
by removal from family, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
Removal from family	
 	 	Respondent removed(a)	Relative only removed	None removed	Total(b)	
Number of days unable to work or carry out normal activities because of feelings	
0 days	%	71.7	78.3	79.7	78.5	
	95% CI	(64.3–79.1)	(74.7–81.8)	(76.5–82.9)	(76.3–80.6)	
1–2 days	%	10.0	7.0	5.7	6.6	
	95% CI	(5.2–14.9)	(5.3–8.7)	(4.4–7.0)	(5.5–7.7)	
3–14 days	%	13.4	11.0	11.4	11.4	
	95% CI	(9.2–17.6)	(8.9–13.1)	(8.4–14.4)	(9.6–13.2)	
15 days or more	%	*4.5	3.4	2.6	3.0	
	95% CI	(1.4–7.6)	(2.2–4.5)	(1.6–3.5)	(2.3–3.8)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(b)(c)	15,200	66,900	92,400	174,600	
* Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	With or without removal of relative.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable removal from family (17%).
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable number of days unable to work/carry out normal activities because of feelings.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Table E211: Number of visits to doctor or other health professional by removal from family, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
Removal from family	
 	 	Respondent removed(a)	Relative only removed	None removed	Total(b)	
Number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings	
0 visits	%	80.4	87.4	89.2	87.8	
	95% CI	(75.0–85.7)	(84.8–90.0)	(86.5–91.9)	(86.3–89.2)	
1 visit	%	11.2	5.9	4.4	5.6	
	95% CI	(6.8–15.7)	(4.1–7.7)	(3.3–5.5)	(4.6–6.6)	
2 visits	%	*4.8	3.5	2.6	3.1	
	95% CI	(1.7–7.8)	(2.2–4.8)	(1.6–3.6)	(2.4–3.9)	
3 visits or more	%	*3.4	3.1	*3.4	3.3	
	95% CI	(1.0–5.8)	(1.7–4.6)	(1.1–5.7)	(1.9–4.7)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(b)(c)	15,200	66,900	92,400	174,600	
* Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution.
(a)	With or without removal of relative.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable removal from family (17%).
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable number of visits to doctor or other health professional about feelings.
Note: 	Analysis excludes those who had no stress–K-5 score = 5 (18%) and those with a missing K-5 score (1.6%).
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Removal from family – Positive wellbeing
Table E212: Positive wellbeing by removal from family, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over, 2004–05	
Removal from family	
 	 	Respondent removed(a)	Relative only removed	None removed	Total(b)	
How often felt calm and peaceful	
All/ most of the time	%	51.8	53.4	60.1	57.0	
	95% CI	(43.4–60.2)	(49.2–57.6)	(56.7–63.5)	(54.6–59.5)	
Some of the time	%	30.4	27.5	24.0	25.8	
	95% CI	(24.2–36.6)	(24.2–30.7)	(21.1–26.9)	(23.7–27.9)	
A little/ none of the time	%	17.5	18.5	14.3	16.1	
	95% CI	(13.4–21.6)	(15.8–21.2)	(12.3–16.4)	(14.4–17.7)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often been a happy person	
All/ most of the time	%	69.6	70.4	73.7	72.2	
	95% CI	(61.9–77.3)	(67.0–73.8)	(71.3–76.1)	(70.2–74.2)	
Some of the time	%	18.6	19.1	18.3	18.6	
	95% CI	(13.4–23.8)	(16.1–22.1)	(15.5–21.1)	(16.7–20.5)	
A little/ none of the time	%	11.4	10.0	6.7	8.3	
	95% CI	(7.4–15.5)	(8.2–11.8)	(5.5–8.0)	(7.3–9.3)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often felt full of life	
All/ most of the time	%	52.0	50.1	59.9	55.7	
	95% CI	(44.1–59.9)	(46.4–53.8)	(57.1–62.6)	(53.7–57.8)	
Some of the time	%	22.5	29.2	24.5	26.0	
	95% CI	(17.5–27.5)	(25.4–33.1)	(21.8–27.1)	(24.1–27.9)	
A little/ none of the time	%	25.1	20.2	14.1	17.2	
	95% CI	(19.9–30.3)	(17.4–23.0)	(12.1–16.0)	(15.7–18.7)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had a lot of energy	
All/ most of the time	%	44.7	42.7	52.3	48.2	
	95% CI	(38.7–50.7)	(38.7–46.6)	(49.1–55.4)	(45.9–50.5)	
Some of the time	%	32.2	31.4	28.8	30.0	
	95% CI	(24.0–40.4)	(27.7–35.2)	(25.9–31.7)	(27.9–32.2)	
A little/ none of the time	%	22.8	25.5	17.3	20.7	
	95% CI	(18.0–27.6)	(22.4–28.6)	(15.4–19.3)	(19.0–22.4)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(b)(c)	18,000	78,400	122,000	218,400	
(a)	With or without removal of relative.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable removal from family (17%).
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable positive wellbeing.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Removal from family – Anger
Table E213: Anger by removal from family, Indigenous persons aged 18 years and over, 2004–05	
Removal from family	
 	 	Respondent removed(a)	Relative only removed	None removed	Total(b)	
How often felt easily annoyed or irritated	
A lot	%	19.1	18.8	13.6	15.9	
	95% CI	(15.4–22.8)	(16.3–21.3)	(11.4–15.7)	(14.3–17.5)	
Some	%	54.8	56.9	52.9	54.5	
	95% CI	(46.7–62.9)	(53.5–60.3)	(50.0–55.8)	(52.8–56.2)	
Not at all	%	25.4	23.9	32.1	28.6	
	95% CI	(20.2–30.7)	(20.5–27.3)	(28.9–35.3)	(26.1–31.1)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often had violent thoughts	
A lot	%	6.1	4.7	3.7	4.2	
	95% CI	(3.3–8.8)	(3.4–5.9)	(2.6–4.7)	(3.5–5.0)	
Some	%	23.1	19.2	18.0	18.8	
	95% CI	(16.9–29.3)	(16.9–21.4)	(15.7–20.3)	(17.2–20.5)	
Not at all	%	70.2	75.7	77.0	75.9	
	95% CI	(63.6–76.9)	(71.6–79.7)	(74.5–79.4)	(74.1–77.8)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often wanted to break or smash things	
A lot	%	*2.6	4.5	3.0	3.5	
	95% CI	(1.2–4.0)	(3.1–5.9)	(2.1–3.9)	(2.7–4.3)	
Some	%	18.2	18.5	14.4	16.2	
	95% CI	(12.5–23.9)	(16.0–21.0)	(12.7–16.1)	(14.7–17.7)	
Not at all	%	78.6	76.6	81.2	79.3	
	95% CI	(71.6–85.6)	(72.9–80.3)	(79.2–83.3)	(78.0–80.7)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
How often got into a lot of arguments	
A lot	%	6.9	7.1	4.7	5.8	
	95% CI	(3.8–10.1)	(5.6–8.7)	(3.6–5.8)	(4.8–6.7)	
Some	%	32.2	30.3	27.3	28.8	
	95% CI	(25.8–38.5)	(27.5–33.0)	(24.6–29.9)	(26.7–30.8)	
Not at all	%	60.3	62.0	66.7	64.5	
	95% CI	(52.3–68.4)	(57.7–66.3)	(63.6–69.8)	(32.1–66.8)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
(continued)
Table E213 (continued): Anger by removal from family, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over, 2004–05	
Removal from family	
 	 	Respondent removed(a)	Relative only removed	None removed	Total(b)	
How often shouting or throwing things	
A lot	%	7.7	5.3	3.5	4.5	
	95% CI	(4.1–11.2)	(4.2–6.4)	(2.5–4.4)	(3.7–5.2)	
Some	%	20.2	23.9	21.0	22.0	
	95% CI	(15.0–25.5)	(21.5–26.4)	(18.6–23.5)	(20.2–23.8)	
Not at all	%	71.5	70.2	74.1	72.5	
	95% CI	(63.5–79.5)	(66.4–74.0)	(71.7–76.6)	(70.6–74.4)	
Total(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(b)(c)	18,000	78,400	122,000	218,400	
* Estimate has a relative standard error between 25% and 50% and should be used with caution. 
(a)	With or without removal of relative.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable removal from family (17%).
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable anger.
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.

Removal from family – Life stressors
Table E214: Removal from family by average number of life stressors, Indigenous persons aged 
18 years and over, 2004–05	
Removal from family	
 	 	Respondent removed(a)	Relative only removed	None removed	Total(b)	
Number of life stressors	
Average stressors	no.	2.9	3.3	2.1	2.6	
	95% CI	(1.7–3.2)	2.7–3.6)	(1.8–2.3)	(2.1–2.9)	
Total no. of Indigenous people(b)(c)	18,000	78,400	122,000	218,400	
(a)	With or without removal of relative.
(b)	Excludes missing responses on variable removal from family (don’t want to answer and don’t know) (17%).
(c)	Includes missing responses on variable life stressor
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.
Stressors – Removal from family
Table E215: Number of life stressors by removal from family, Indigenous persons aged 18 years 
and over, 2004–05	
Number of life stressors	
	 	0	1	2–3	4 or more	Total(b)	
Removal from family	
Respondent removed(a)	%	5.6	7.7	10.7	8.5	8.2	
	95% CI	(3.8–7.4)	(5.8–9.6)	(7.4–14.1)	(6.6–10.4)	(7.0–9.4)	
Relative only removed	%	26.0	33.3	36.4	46.2	35.9	
	95% CI	(21.2–30.8)	(28.9–37.8)	(31.8–41.0)	(41.9–50.5)	(33.6–38.2)	
None removed	%	68.4	58.9	52.9	45.3	55.9	
	95% CI	(62.9–73.9)	(53.0–64.9)	(48.6–57.2)	(41.2–49.4)	(53.1–58.7)	
Total(b)(c)	%	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Total no. of Indigenous people(b)(d)	49,900	53,600	54,700	59,800	218,400	
 (a)	With or without removal of relative.
(b)	Includes missing responses on variable life stressors.
(c)	Excludes missing responses on variable removal from family (don’t know and don’t want to answer).
(d)      Includes missing responses on variable removal from family
Source: AIHW analysis of the 2004–05 NATSIHS.