This report is the sixth in a series on hospitalisations due to injury and poisoning in Australia, and covers the financial year 2007-08. A total of 394,505 injury cases required hospitalisation in the 12 months (230,676 males and 163,823 females). Overall rates of injury were higher among people aged 65 and over, and lower in children aged 0-14. The leading causes of hospitalised injury were unintentional falls (37% of cases), followed by transport accidents (14%).