Permanency planning and long-term care for children in out-of-home care can involve family reunification, third-party parental responsibility orders, long-term finalised guardianship/custody orders and adoptions by carers. This report describes concepts and available data in this area, and development work being undertaken to improve national reporting. Available data indicate: there were 31,129 children on finalised guardianship/custody orders and 9,070 children on finalised third-party parental responsibility orders at 30 June 2015; there were 94 adoptions by carers finalised in 2014–15; most (87%) children who had been continuously in care for 2 or more years had also spent at least 2 years in one main care arrangement.