Appendix
ICD-10 chapter level groupings of causes of death
In this bulletin patterns of multiple causes are described according to the broad-level classification of cause of death represented by ICD-10 chapters. A list of the ICD-10 chapters and the ICD-10 codes used for each chapter is presented in Table A1.
| ICD-10 chapter level cause of death | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
| Certain infectious and parasitic diseases | A00-B99 |
| Neoplasms(a) | C00-D48 |
| Diseases of the blood & blood-forming organs & certain disorders involving the immune mechanism | D50-D89 |
| Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | E00-E90 |
| Mental and behavioural disorders | F00-F99 |
| Diseases of the nervous system | G00-G99 |
| Diseases of the eye and adnexa | H00-H59 |
| Diseases of the ear and mastoid process | H60-H95 |
| Diseases of the circulatory system | I00-I99 |
| Diseases of the respiratory system | J00-J99 |
| Diseases of the digestive system | K00-K93 |
| Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue | L00-L99 |
| Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | M00-M99 |
| Diseases of the genitourinary system | N00-N99 |
| Pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium | O00-O99 |
| Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period | P00-P96 |
| Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities | Q00-Q99 |
| Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, nec | R00-R99 |
| Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes | S00-T98 |
| External causes of morbidity and mortality | V01-Y98 |
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Benign and malignant tumours. Referred to as cancers in this bulletin.
nec = not elsewhere classified
Source: WHO 2009.
Deaths from selected chronic diseases
The chronic diseases selected for analysis in this bulletin are those reported in the indicator for 'Deaths from leading chronic conditions' (AIHW 2009). Although these leading chronic conditions may not equate to the leading causes of death, this set of diseases reflects conditions that are currently the focus of health-related government agencies and researchers. The selected chronic disease causes of death and the codes used to indicate deaths from these conditions are presented in Table A2. Some modifications have been made for the purpose of this bulletin, namely, that all diabetes deaths are reported and that COPD deaths include deaths that were due to bronchitis not specified as acute or chronic.
| Chronic disease cause of death | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
| Colorectal cancer | C18-C21 |
| Liver cancer | C22 |
| Lung cancer | C33-C34 |
| Breast cancer | C50 |
| Prostate cancer | C61 |
| Diabetes(a) | E10-E14 |
| Dementia and Alzheimer disease | F00-F03, G30 |
| Coronary heart disease | I20-I25 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | I60-I69 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(b) | J40-J44 |
| Asthma | J45-J46 |
| Chronic and unspecified kidney failure(c) | N18-N19 |
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In this bulletin, deaths from all types of diabetes were assessed. This contrasts with using only Type 2 diabetes in the indicator for 'Deaths due to leading chronic diseases' (AIHW 2009).
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In this bulletin, deaths from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) include deaths due to bronchitis, not specified as acute or chronic. In the indicator for 'Deaths due to leading chronic diseases' (AIHW 2009), COPD deaths exclude deaths due to deaths due to bronchitis, not specified as acute or chronic.
-
End-stage renal failure is referred to as 'chronic and unspecified kidney failure' which includes end-stage renal failure; the ICD-10 codes are the same as those used in the indicator for 'Deaths due to leading chronic diseases' (AIHW 2009).
| Leading cause of death | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
| Cardiac arrest, unspecified | I46.9 |
| Low blood pressure, unspecified | I95.9 |
| Other and unspecified disorders of circulatory system | I99 |
| Acute respiratory failure, unspecified | J96.0 |
| Respiratory failure, unspecified | J96.9 |
| Respiratory failure of newborn | P28.5 |
| Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, nec (excludes R95 SIDS) | R00-R94, R96-R99 |
nec = not elsewhere classified
SIDS Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
Source: WHO 2009.
| Cause of death | ICD-10 codes |
|---|---|
| Cancers of unknown primary site | C26, C39, C76-C80 |
| Diabetes(b) | E10-E14 |
| Dementia and Alzheimer disease | F00-F03, G30 |
| Mental & behavioural disorders due to psychoactive substance use | F10-19 |
| Hypertensive diseases | I10-I15 |
| Coronary heart disease | I20-I25 |
| Cardiac arrhythmias | I47-I49 |
| Heart failure | I50-I51 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | I60-I69 |
| Influenza and pneumonia | J09-J18 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(c) | J40-J44 |
| Cirrhosis of the liver | K70-K76 |
| Kidney failure | N17-N19 |
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The cause groups presented here are for the leading associated and leading multiple cause of death categories as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6.
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In this bulletin, deaths from all types of diabetes were assessed. This contrasts with using only Type 2 diabetes in the indicator for 'Deaths due to leading chronic diseases' (AIHW 2009).
-
In this bulletin, deaths from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) include deaths due to bronchitis, not specified as acute or chronic. In the indicator for 'Deaths due to leading chronic diseases' (AIHW 2009), COPD deaths exclude deaths due to deaths due to bronchitis, not specified as acute or chronic.
Source: Leading cause of death tabulation based on Becker et al. 2006 and modified by AIHW for the Australian health context.