| Category |
1950 |
1970 |
1990 |
Now |
| Population (million) |
8.2 |
12.5 |
17.1 |
24.4 |
| Life expectancy—all males (years) |
67.1 |
68.3 |
73.9 |
80.3 |
| Life expectancy—all females (years) |
72.8 |
74.8 |
80.1 |
84.4 |
| Life expectancy—Indigenous males (years) |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
69.1 |
| Life expectancy—Indigenous females (years) |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
73.7 |
| Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) |
24.5 |
17.9 |
8.2 |
3.4 |
| Indigenous infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) |
n.a. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
6.0 |
| Fertility rate (children per woman) |
3.1 |
2.9 |
1.9 |
1.8 |
| Ratio of health expenditure to GDP (%) |
n.a. |
4.1 |
6.9 |
9.8 |
| Daily tobacco smoking (%) |
49 |
37 |
28.6 |
12.8 |
| Alcohol consumption (litres per capita) |
5.9 |
11.6 |
10.6 |
9.9 |
| Overweight or obese (%) |
n.a. |
n.a. |
43.8 |
63.4 |
Full details of data sources can be found in the supplementary tables.