Kidney function test type – type 2 diabetes and/or CVD (PI18)

This indicator is the proportion of First Nations regular clients aged 18 and over with type 2 diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease (CVD) who, within the previous 12 months, had:

It is collected for males and females in age groups:

  • 18–24
  • 25–34
  • 35–44
  • 45–54
  • 55–64
  • 65 and over.

There have been changes to the specification of this indicator over time. For more information see Interpreting nKPI data.

Why testing kidney function is important

Type 2 diabetes and CVD can damage the kidneys. If kidney disease is diagnosed early, appropriate treatment can be given and its effects can be closely monitored.

Data reported in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Performance Framework show that First Nations people are far more likely to develop, and to die from, chronic kidney disease than non-Indigenous Australians (AIHW and NIAA 2024). 

At June 2025, both an eGFR and an ACR test result was recorded within the previous 12 months for:

  • 48% (or around 23,300) of First Nations regular clients aged 18 and over with type 2 diabetes
  • 44% (or around 8,700) of First Nations regular clients aged 18 and over with CVD
  • 46% (or around 26,100) of First Nations regular clients aged 18 and over with type 2 diabetes and/or CVD (Figure 37).

The data visualisation below (Figure 37) shows, for each collection period from June 2022 to June 2025, the proportion of First Nations regular clients aged 18 and over with type 2 diabetes and/or CVD by kidney function test type recorded within the previous 12 months. Select by either:

  • organisation type
  • remoteness
  • state/territory
  • age group/sex

to see data for that breakdown.

Data tables supporting this visualisation are available at Data.

Figure 37: Kidney function test type – type 2 diabetes and/or CVD – by collection period and kidney test type

Overall, the proportion of First Nations regular clients with type 2 diabetes who had both an eGFR and an ACR test result recorded within the previous 12 months generally increased between December 2022 and June 2025

Overall, the proportion of First Nations regular clients with type 2 diabetes who had both an eGFR and an ACR test result recorded within the previous 12 months generally increased between December 2022 and June 2025

Notes

  1. A break is included to separate out the periods most affected by voluntary reporting and the peak of COVID-19 and associated emergency response measures. This break, however, is not a clean break as each indicator in the nKPI collection has an assigned time frame (a reference period) as part of its specification. For this indicator, which has a reference period of 12 months, data in the December 2022 collection period (covering 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022) still overlaps with the peak of COVID-19 and associated emergency response measures. For more information see Comparisons over time.
  2. The linear trend lines provide a general impression of the direction of the data. Caution should be taken interpreting trends with less than 5 data points. See also Figure 31 for trends for selected data.
  3. For more information, including on interpreting changes over time, see Technical notes.

Reference

Australian Institute of Health and Welfare and National Indigenous Australians Agency (2024) Measure 1.10 Kidney disease, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Performance Framework website, AIHW, Australian Government, accessed 17 October 2025.

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