Experience of violence

Population groups and characteristics of violence

• Sex and gender

  Does the proportion of people with disability who have experienced violence vary by sex?

  The data in the graph and the table below show the proportion of adults with disability (aged 18 and over) who have experienced violence since age 15, compared with adults without disability, for males and females. In 2021–22, 54% of men with disability reported that they had experienced violence since age 15, as did 50% of women.

  More detailed data by age group are shown in the table.

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  Sex	With disability	95% Confidence Interval	Without disability	95% Confidence Interval
  Aged 18–64
  Males	61%	(53.0%–68.2%)	40%	(34.6%–44.8%)
  Females	59%	(55.7%–61.3%)	36%	(34.6%–37.4%)
  All persons	60%	(56.2%–62.8%)	38%	(35.4%–40.8%)
  Aged 65 and over
  Males	#42%	(29.0%–55.2%)	#24%	(13.5%–34.7%)
  Females	35%	(31.6%–37.4%)	24%	(20.4%–26.6%)
  All persons	38%	(31.7%–44.9%)	23%	(18.2%–28.6%)
  Aged 18 and over
  Males	54%	(46.0%–62.6%)	38%	(32.8%–42.2%)
  Females	50%	(47.7%–52.3%)	34%	(32.7%–35.3%)
  All persons	52%	(48.0%–56.2%)	36%	(33.5%–38.3%)

  Notes

  • # Should be used with caution: proportion has a Margin of Error (MoE) >10 percentage points and/or proportion ± MoE equals <0% or >100%.

  1. Restricted to people aged 18 and over.
  2. Violence includes physical assault, physical threat, sexual assault, and sexual threat.
  3. With disability includes those with disability or restrictive long-term health condition.
  4. Disability status is recorded as at the time of interview, not at the time violence occurred.
  5. Data have been randomly adjusted to avoid the release of confidential data.

  Source: ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics) (2024) Personal Safety Survey, Australia, ABS, customised data consultancy for AIHW, accessed 14 October 2024.

  # Should be used with caution: proportion has a Margin of Error (MoE) >10 percentage points and/or proportion ± MoE equals <0% or >100%.

  Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics – Personal Safety Survey (PSS) | Data source overview
  

• Age group

  Does the proportion of people with disability who have experienced violence vary by age?

  The data in the graph and the table below show the proportion of adults with disability (aged 18 and over) who have experienced violence since age 15, compared with adults without disability, grouped by age. In 2021–22, 63% of people with disability aged 25–44 reported they had experienced violence since age 15, compared with 38% for those aged 65 and over.

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  Age group	With disability	95% Confidence Interval	Without disability	95% Confidence Interval
  18–24	#46%	(33.0%–59.2%)	28%	(19.6%–35.4%)
  25–44	63%	(53.6%–71.8%)	42%	(37.8%–45.6%)
  45–64	59%	(53.5%–64.5%)	38%	(33.2%–42.8%)
  65 and over	38%	(31.7%–44.9%)	23%	(18.2%–28.6%)
  All ages	52%	(48.0%–56.2%)	36%	(33.5%–38.3%)

  Notes

  • # Should be used with caution: proportion has a Margin of Error (MoE) >10 percentage points and/or proportion ± MoE equals <0% or >100%.

  1. Restricted to people aged 18 and over.
  2. Violence includes physical assault, physical threat, sexual assault, and sexual threat.
  3. With disability includes those with disability or restrictive long-term health condition.
  4. Disability status is recorded as at the time of interview, not at the time violence occurred.
  5. Data have been randomly adjusted to avoid the release of confidential data.

  Source: ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics) (2024) Personal Safety Survey, Australia, ABS, customised data consultancy for AIHW, accessed 14 October 2024.

  # Should be used with caution: proportion has a Margin of Error (MoE) >10 percentage points and/or proportion ± MoE equals <0% or >100%.

  Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics – Personal Safety Survey (PSS) | Data source overview
  

• Cultural and linguistic diversity status

  Does the proportion of people with disability who have experienced violence vary by cultural and linguistic diversity background?

  The data in the graph and the table below show the proportion of adults with disability (aged 18 and over) who have experienced violence since age 15, compared with adults without disability, by culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) status. In 2021–22, 41% of people from CALD backgrounds with disability reported they had experienced violence since age 15, compared with 54% among the non-CALD group (please note that the proportion for the CALD group has a high margin of error and should be used with caution).

  More detailed data by age group are shown in the table.

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  Cultural and linguistic diversity status	With disability	95% Confidence Interval	Without disability	95% Confidence Interval
  Aged 18–64
  CALD	#45%	(31.2%–58.6%)	25%	(21.0%–28.8%)
  Non-CALD	62%	(58.8%–65.2%)	43%	(39.3%–45.7%)
  All persons	60%	(56.2%–62.8%)	38%	(35.4%–40.8%)
  Aged 65 and over
  CALD	#31%	(2.5%–58.9%)	#24%	(11.2%–37.4%)
  Non-CALD	40%	(33.4%–45.6%)	23%	(18.1%–28.5%)
  All persons	38%	(31.7%–44.9%)	23%	(18.2%–28.6%)
  Aged 18 and over
  CALD	#41%	(27.8%–54.8%)	25%	(20.8%–28.2%)
  Non-CALD	54%	(50.0%–58.0%)	40%	(36.7%–42.3%)
  All persons	52%	(48.0%–56.2%)	36%	(33.5%–38.3%)

  Notes

  • # Should be used with caution: proportion has a Margin of Error (MoE) >10 percentage points and/or proportion ± MoE equals <0% or >100%.

  1. Restricted to people aged 18 and over.
  2. Violence includes physical assault, physical threat, sexual assault, and sexual threat.
  3. With disability includes those with disability or restrictive long-term health condition.
  4. Disability status is recorded as at the time of interview, not at the time violence occurred.
  5. Data have been randomly adjusted to avoid the release of confidential data.
  6. Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) cohort includes people not born in a main English-speaking country and/or who mainly speak a language other than English at home.

  Source: ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics) (2024) Personal Safety Survey, Australia, ABS, customised data consultancy for AIHW, accessed 14 October 2024.

  # Should be used with caution: proportion has a Margin of Error (MoE) >10 percentage points and/or proportion ± MoE equals <0% or >100%.

  Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics – Personal Safety Survey (PSS) | Data source overview
  

• Remoteness

  Does the proportion of people with disability who have experienced violence vary by remoteness?

  The data in the graph and the table below show the proportion of adults with disability (aged 18 and over) who have experienced violence since age 15, compared with adults without disability, grouped by remoteness. In 2021–22, 53% of adults with disability living in major cities reported they had experienced violence since age 15, compared with 49% for those living in outer regional and remote areas.

  More detailed data by age group are shown in the table.

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  Remoteness	With disability	95% Confidence Interval	Without disability	95% Confidence Interval
  Aged 18–64
  Major cities	60%	(54.4%–66.0%)	38%	(34.8%–41.2%)
  Inner regional	57%	(49.4%–65.0%)	37%	(32.9%–40.5%)
  Outer regional and remote	58%	(50.4%–66.4%)	40%	(31.9%–48.1%)
  All areas	60%	(56.2%–62.8%)	38%	(35.4%–40.8%)
  Aged 65 and over
  Major cities	38%	(27.8%–47.2%)	21%	(14.8%–28.0%)
  Inner regional	#42%	(31.5%–52.1%)	#29%	(16.1%–42.3%)
  Outer regional and remote	33%	(25.9%–39.9%)	21%	(15.2%–27.6%)
  All areas	38%	(31.7%–44.9%)	23%	(18.2%–28.6%)
  Aged 18 and over
  Major cities	53%	(47.1%–58.7%)	36%	(33.0%–38.8%)
  Inner regional	51%	(43.2%–59.0%)	35%	(31.1%–39.5%)
  Outer regional and remote	49%	(42.7%–54.9%)	36%	(29.3%–43.3%)
  All areas	52%	(48.0%–56.2%)	36%	(33.5%–38.3%)

  Notes

  • # Should be used with caution: proportion has a Margin of Error (MoE) >10 percentage points and/or proportion ± MoE equals <0% or >100%.

  1. Restricted to people aged 18 and over.
  2. Violence includes physical assault, physical threat, sexual assault, and sexual threat.
  3. With disability includes those with disability or restrictive long-term health condition.
  4. Disability status is recorded as at the time of interview, not at the time violence occurred.
  5. Data have been randomly adjusted to avoid the release of confidential data.
  6. Remoteness is classified according to Accessibility and Remoteness Index of Australia. Data source does not cover very remote areas.

  Source: ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics) (2024) Personal Safety Survey, Australia, ABS, customised data consultancy for AIHW, accessed 14 October 2024.

  # Should be used with caution: proportion has a Margin of Error (MoE) >10 percentage points and/or proportion ± MoE equals <0% or >100%.

  Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics – Personal Safety Survey (PSS) | Data source overview
  

• Disability group

  Does the proportion of people with disability who have experienced violence vary by disability group?

  The data in the graph and the table below show the proportion of adults with disability (aged 18 and over) who have experienced violence since age 15, compared with adults without disability, by disability group. In 2021–22, 64% of people with psychosocial disability reported they had experienced violence since age 15, compared with 49% of people with sensory or speech disability.

  More detailed data by age group are shown in the table.

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  Disability group	% of adults who experienced violence since age 15	95% Confidence Interval
  Aged 18–64
  Sensory and speech	60%	(52.5%–66.5%)
  Learning and understanding	#70%	(54.1%–86.1%)
  Physical restriction	63%	(57.9%–67.1%)
  Psychosocial	67%	(66.8%–66.8%)
  Head injury, stroke or acquired brain injury	n.p.	n.p.
  Other	65%	(60.2%–69.0%)
  All with disability	60%	(56.2%–62.8%)
  Without disability	38%	(35.4%–40.8%)
  Aged 65 and over
  Sensory and speech	36%	(27.4%–44.6%)
  Learning and understanding	#32%	(9.4%–54.8%)
  Physical restriction	38%	(31.1%–45.7%)
  Psychosocial	#47%	(28.3%–65.5%)
  Head injury, stroke or acquired brain injury	#41%	(26.1%–56.3%)
  Other	#45%	(31.0%–58.0%)
  All with disability	38%	(31.7%–44.9%)
  Without disability	23%	(18.2%–28.6%)
  Aged 18 and over
  Sensory and speech	49%	(41.3%–56.1%)
  Learning and understanding	#63%	(47.0%–78.0%)
  Physical restriction	54%	(49.5%–57.9%)
  Psychosocial	64%	(61.1%–66.3%)
  Head injury, stroke or acquired brain injury	#53%	(32.2%–73.2%)
  Other	57%	(50.8%–62.4%)
  All with disability	52%	(48.0%–56.2%)
  Without disability	36%	(33.5%–38.3%)

  Notes

  • # Should be used with caution: proportion has a Margin of Error (MoE) >10 percentage points and/or proportion ± MoE equals <0% or >100%.
  • n.p. (not published) Data not provided due to data quality concerns.

  1. Restricted to people aged 18 and over.
  2. Violence includes physical assault, physical threat, sexual assault, and sexual threat.
  3. With disability includes those with disability or restrictive long-term health condition.
  4. Disability status is recorded as at the time of interview, not at the time violence occurred.
  5. Data have been randomly adjusted to avoid the release of confidential data.
  6. Components will not add to total as people may report impairments related to more than one disability group. In such cases, people are counted separately for each disability group but are only counted once in the aggregated total.

  Source: ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics) (2024) Personal Safety Survey, Australia, ABS, customised data consultancy for AIHW, accessed 14 October 2024.

  # Should be used with caution: proportion has a Margin of Error (MoE) >10 percentage points and/or proportion ± MoE equals <0% or >100%.
  n.p. (not published) Data not provided due to data quality concerns.

  Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics – Personal Safety Survey (PSS) | Data source overview
  

• Severity of disability

  Does the proportion of people with disability who have experienced violence vary by severity of disability?

  The data in the graph and the table below show the proportion of adults with disability (aged 18 and over) who have experienced violence since age 15, compared with adults without disability, grouped by disability severity. In 2021–22, 62% of people with severe or profound disability and 51% of people with other disability status reported they had experienced violence since age 15 (please note that the proportion for the severe or profound disability group has a high margin of error and should be used with caution).

  More detailed data by age group are shown in the table.

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  Severity of disability	% of adults who experienced violence since age 15	95% Confidence Interval
  Aged 18–64
  Severe or profound disability	#70%	(49.4%–91.0%)
  Other disability status	58%	(54.8%–60.8%)
  All with disability	60%	(56.2%–62.8%)
  Without disability	38%	(35.4%–40.8%)
  Aged 65 and over
  Severe or profound disability	38%	(30.8%–45.6%)
  Other disability status	38%	(31.1%–45.3%)
  All with disability	38%	(31.7%–44.9%)
  Without disability	23%	(18.2%–28.6%)
  Aged 18 and over
  Severe or profound disability	#62%	(44.5%–78.7%)
  Other disability status	51%	(46.9%–55.1%)
  All with disability	52%	(48.0%–56.2%)
  Without disability	36%	(33.5%–38.3%)

  Notes

  • # Should be used with caution: proportion has a Margin of Error (MoE) >10 percentage points and/or proportion ± MoE equals <0% or >100%.

  1. Restricted to people aged 18 and over.
  2. Violence includes physical assault, physical threat, sexual assault, and sexual threat.
  3. With disability includes those with disability or restrictive long-term health condition.
  4. Disability status is recorded as at the time of interview, not at the time violence occurred.
  5. Data have been randomly adjusted to avoid the release of confidential data.
  6. Severe or profound disability means always or sometimes needing assistance or supervision with self-care, mobility, and/or communication.

  Source: ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics) (2024) Personal Safety Survey, Australia, ABS, customised data consultancy for AIHW, accessed 14 October 2024.

  # Should be used with caution: proportion has a Margin of Error (MoE) >10 percentage points and/or proportion ± MoE equals <0% or >100%.

  Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics – Personal Safety Survey (PSS) | Data source overview
  

• Education

  Does the proportion of people with disability who have experienced violence vary by education level?

  The data in the graph and the table below show the proportion of adults with disability (aged 18 and over) who have experienced violence since age 15, compared with adults without disability, by highest level of education. In 2021–22, 57% of people with disability who completed a certificate III/IV or diploma reported had experienced violence, and 45% for people who completed Year 11 or below.

  More detailed data by age group are shown in the table.

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  Education	With disability	95% Confidence Interval	Without disability	95% Confidence Interval
  Aged 18–64
  Year 11 or below	57%	(50.5%–62.9%)	#41%	(29.7%–51.9%)
  Year 12	#51%	(38.4%–63.4%)	30%	(24.2%–35.4%)
  Certificate III/IV or Diploma	65%	(56.6%–72.6%)	42%	(36.1%–46.9%)
  Bachelor Degree or higher	58%	(55.7%–59.7%)	39%	(34.5%–44.1%)
  All persons	60%	(56.2%–62.8%)	38%	(35.4%–40.8%)
  Aged 65 and over
  Year 11 or below	#37%	(25.6%–47.6%)	14%	(11.4%–17.2%)
  Year 12	#35%	(24.1%–46.3%)	#29%	(1.9%–56.9%)
  Certificate III/IV or Diploma	#40%	(29.6%–50.8%)	21%	(12.0%–30.4%)
  Bachelor Degree or higher	#39%	(25.4%–52.0%)	#33%	(19.2%–47.2%)
  All persons	38%	(31.7%–44.9%)	23%	(18.2%–28.6%)
  Aged 18 and over
  Year 11 or below	45%	(37.7%–51.5%)	29%	(22.2%–35.4%)
  Year 12	#46%	(35.6%–56.8%)	30%	(24.2%–35.4%)
  Certificate III/IV or Diploma	57%	(50.9%–63.1%)	38%	(34.0%–42.4%)
  Bachelor Degree or higher	54%	(49.7%–57.9%)	39%	(34.3%–43.1%)
  All persons	52%	(48.0%–56.2%)	36%	(33.5%–38.3%)

  Notes

  • # Should be used with caution: proportion has a Margin of Error (MoE) >10 percentage points and/or proportion ± MoE equals <0% or >100%.

  1. Restricted to people aged 18 and over.
  2. Violence includes physical assault, physical threat, sexual assault, and sexual threat.
  3. With disability includes those with disability or restrictive long-term health condition.
  4. Disability status is recorded as at the time of interview, not at the time violence occurred.
  5. Data have been randomly adjusted to avoid the release of confidential data.

  Source: ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics) (2024) Personal Safety Survey, Australia, ABS, customised data consultancy for AIHW, accessed 14 October 2024.

  # Should be used with caution: proportion has a Margin of Error (MoE) >10 percentage points and/or proportion ± MoE equals <0% or >100%.

  Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics – Personal Safety Survey (PSS) | Data source overview
  

• Sexual orientation

  Does the proportion of people with disability who have experienced violence vary by sexual orientation?

  The data in the graph and the table below show the proportion of adults with disability (aged 18 and over) who have experienced violence since age 15, compared with adults without disability, by sexual orientation. In 2021–22, 51% of straight (heterosexual) adults with disability reported experiencing violence and 68% for people whose sexual orientation was gay, lesbian, bisexual, or other.

  More detailed data by age group are shown in the table.

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  Sexual orientation	With disability	95% Confidence Interval	Without disability	95% Confidence Interval
  Aged 18–64
  Straight (heterosexual)	58%	(54.6%–61.2%)	37%	(34.5%–40.1%)
  Gay, lesbian, bisexual, or different term	71%	(62.1%–78.9%)	#56%	(42.8%–68.8%)
  All persons	60%	(56.2%–62.8%)	38%	(35.4%–40.8%)
  Aged 65 and over
  Straight (heterosexual)	n.p.	n.p.	n.p.	n.p.
  Gay, lesbian, bisexual, or different term	n.p.	n.p.	n.p.	n.p.
  All persons	n.p.	n.p.	n.p.	n.p.
  Aged 18 and over
  Straight (heterosexual)	51%	(46.5%–54.5%)	35%	(32.8%–37.6%)
  Gay, lesbian, bisexual, or different term	68%	(58.7%–76.9%)	#55%	(42.4%–66.6%)
  All persons	52%	(48.0%–56.2%)	36%	(33.5%–38.3%)

  Notes

  • # Should be used with caution: proportion has a Margin of Error (MoE) >10 percentage points and/or proportion ± MoE equals <0% or >100%.
  • n.p. (not published) Data not provided due to data quality concerns.

  1. Restricted to people aged 18 and over.
  2. Violence includes physical assault, physical threat, sexual assault, and sexual threat.
  3. With disability includes those with disability or restrictive long-term health condition.
  4. Disability status is recorded as at the time of interview, not at the time violence occurred.
  5. Data have been randomly adjusted to avoid the release of confidential data.
  6. While data for persons who described their sexual orientation as gay or lesbian, bisexual, or used a different term such as asexual, pansexual or queer have been combined into a single output category, experiences of violence may vary across each group.

  Source: ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics) (2024) Personal Safety Survey, Australia, ABS, customised data consultancy for AIHW, accessed 14 October 2024.

  # Should be used with caution: proportion has a Margin of Error (MoE) >10 percentage points and/or proportion ± MoE equals <0% or >100%.
  n.p. (not published) Data not provided due to data quality concerns.

  Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics – Personal Safety Survey (PSS) | Data source overview
  

• Type of violence

  What types of violence did people with disability experience?

  The data in the graph and the table below show the proportion of adults with disability (aged 18 and over) who experienced specific types of violence since age 15, compared with those without disability. In 2021–22, 47% of adults with disability reported that they had experienced physical violence since age 15, and 20% reported they had experienced sexual violence.

  More detailed data by age group are shown in the table.

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  Type of violence	With disability	95% Confidence Interval	Without disability	95% Confidence Interval
  Aged 18–64
  Physical violence	54%	(50.2%–58.2%)	33%	(30.4%–36.0%)
  Sexual violence	23%	(22.1%–23.3%)	13%	(11.4%–14.4%)
  All types of violence	60%	(56.2%–62.8%)	38%	(35.4%–40.8%)
  Aged 65 and over
  Physical violence	33%	(26.0%–39.4%)	21%	(15.5%–25.9%)
  Sexual violence	13%	(10.2%–16.4%)	6.2%	(5.0%–7.4%)
  All types of violence	38%	(31.7%–44.9%)	23%	(18.2%–28.6%)
  Aged 18 and over
  Physical violence	47%	(42.3%–50.9%)	31%	(28.9%–33.9%)
  Sexual violence	20%	(18.2%–21.0%)	12%	(10.6%–13.2%)
  All types of violence	52%	(48.0%–56.2%)	36%	(33.5%–38.3%)

  Notes

  1. Restricted to people aged 18 and over.
  2. Violence includes physical assault, physical threat, sexual assault, and sexual threat.
  3. With disability includes those with disability or restrictive long-term health condition.
  4. Disability status is recorded as at the time of interview, not at the time violence occurred.
  5. Data have been randomly adjusted to avoid the release of confidential data.
  6. Components will not add to total as people may report more than one type of violence. In such cases, people are counted separately for each violence type but are only counted once in the aggregated total.

  Source: ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics) (2024) Personal Safety Survey, Australia, ABS, customised data consultancy for AIHW, accessed 14 October 2024.

  Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics – Personal Safety Survey (PSS) | Data source overview
  

• Number of incidents of violence

  Have people with disability experienced single or multiple incidents of violence?

  The data in the graph and the table below show the proportion of adults with disability (aged 18 and over) who experienced violence since age 15, compared with those without disability, grouped by the number of incidents of violence. In 2021–22, 14% of adults with disability reported that they had experienced violence once, and 39% reported they had experienced violence more than once.

  More detailed data by age group are shown in the table.

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  Number of incidents	With disability	95% Confidence Interval	Without disability	95% Confidence Interval
  Aged 18–64
  Experienced violence once	14%	(9.5%–17.9%)	11%	(9.3%–12.3%)
  Experienced violence more than once	46%	(43.0%–48.8%)	27%	(24.4%–30.0%)
  Experienced violence once or more	60%	(56.2%–62.8%)	38%	(35.4%–40.8%)
  Aged 65 and over
  Experienced violence once	14%	(8.2%–19.2%)	6.3%	(4.6%–8.0%)
  Experienced violence more than once	24%	(20.0%–28.8%)	17%	(12.2%–22.4%)
  Experienced violence once or more	38%	(31.7%–44.9%)	23%	(18.2%–28.6%)
  Aged 18 and over
  Experienced violence once	14%	(10.5%–16.7%)	10%	(8.9%–11.3%)
  Experienced violence more than once	39%	(35.3%–41.7%)	26%	(23.3%–28.1%)
  Experienced violence once or more	52%	(48.0%–56.2%)	36%	(33.5%–38.3%)

  Notes

  1. Restricted to people aged 18 and over.
  2. Violence includes physical assault, physical threat, sexual assault, and sexual threat.
  3. With disability includes those with disability or restrictive long-term health condition.
  4. Disability status is recorded as at the time of interview, not at the time violence occurred.
  5. Data have been randomly adjusted to avoid the release of confidential data.

  Source: ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics) (2024) Personal Safety Survey, Australia, ABS, customised data consultancy for AIHW, accessed 14 October 2024.

  Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics – Personal Safety Survey (PSS) | Data source overview
  

• Type of perpetrator

  Who were the perpetrators of violence experienced by people with disability?

  The data in the graph and the table below show the proportion of adults with disability (aged 18 and over) who experienced violence since age 15, compared with those without disability, grouped by perpetrator type. In 2021–22, 36% of adults with disability reported that they had experienced violence perpetrated by a member of their community and 10% reported they had experienced violence by someone at their workplace or a service provider.

  More detailed data by age group are shown in the table.

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  Perpetrator	With disability	95% Confidence Interval	Without disability	95% Confidence Interval
  Aged 18–64
  Intimate partner or family member	33%	(29.4%–35.6%)	18%	(16.0%–19.6%)
  Community	42%	(37.0%–46.4%)	27%	(24.1%–29.1%)
  Workplace/service provider	12%	(9.0%–15.0%)	4.6%	(3.7%–5.5%)
  All perpetrator types	60%	(56.2%–62.8%)	38%	(35.4%–40.8%)
  Aged 65 and over
  Intimate partner or family member	16%	(13.4%–17.8%)	9.4%	(7.7%–11.1%)
  Community	25%	(18.3%–32.1%)	13%	(9.0%–16.6%)
  Workplace/service provider	6.5%	(3.4%–9.6%)	6.1%	(2.0%–10.2%)
  All perpetrator types	38%	(31.7%–44.9%)	23%	(18.2%–28.6%)
  Aged 18 and over
  Intimate partner or family member	27%	(24.5%–29.1%)	17%	(15.1%–18.1%)
  Community	36%	(31.5%–40.7%)	25%	(22.4%–26.8%)
  Workplace/service provider	10%	(7.8%–12.2%)	4.9%	(3.8%–6.0%)
  All perpetrator types	52%	(48.0%–56.2%)	36%	(33.5%–38.3%)

  Notes

  1. Restricted to people aged 18 and over.
  2. Violence includes physical assault, physical threat, sexual assault, and sexual threat.
  3. With disability includes those with disability or restrictive long-term health condition.
  4. Disability status is recorded as at the time of interview, not at the time violence occurred.
  5. Data have been randomly adjusted to avoid the release of confidential data.
  6. Components will not add to total as people may report more than one type of perpetrator. In such cases, people are counted separately for each perpetrator type but are only counted once in the aggregated total.
  7. Intimate partner or family perpetrator type includes: current or previous partner, boyfriend or girlfriend or date, ex-boyfriend or ex-girlfriend, parent, child, sibling, other relative or in-law. Community perpetrator type includes: stranger, friend or housemate, acquaintance or neighbour, priest/minister/rabbi or other spiritual advisor, other known person. Workplace/service provider perpetrator type includes: employer/manager/supervisor, co-worker, teacher/tutor, client/patient/customer, medical practitioner, non-family carer.

  Source: ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics) (2024) Personal Safety Survey, Australia, ABS, customised data consultancy for AIHW, accessed 14 October 2024.

  Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics – Personal Safety Survey (PSS) | Data source overview