Primary health care variables

The conceptual framework and literature review highlighted the multi-faceted nature of primary health care use (and non-use). Fifteen different primary health care variables were selected from the 2018–19 NATSIHS for the descriptive analysis. These range from a respondent’s preferences and the availability of services in their local area, to their usual source of care/continuity of care, recency of primary health use (GPs and dental), experiences with the health-care system, and the level of unmet need for GP and dental services in the past 12 months.

The focus on timing of service use and unmet need in these analyses is for GPs and dentists as there are population-wide best practice guidelines around seeing a GP (such as at least once a year for a health check) and seeing a dentist (at least once a year for cleaning/a check-up).

Ten of the variables are available nationally (Table 2.1), while 5 of the variables were asked only of those in non-remote areas (Table 2.2).

Table 2.1: Included primary health variables and responses (national)

Concept

Variable(s)

Responses

Availability

Perceived availability of types of health care in the local area

AMS/CC; doctor/GP other than from AMS or hospital (mainstream GP);[1] hospital; traditional healer; other

Preferences

Preferred source of health care

AMS/CC; mainstream GP; hospital; traditional healer; other

Usual provider type

Usual source of health care

AMS/CC; mainstream GP; hospital; traditional healer; other; none

Continuity of care

Always goes to the same health-care provider

Yes; no; no usual provider

Service use/non-use (GP)

Timing of most recent visit to a GP

<3 months; 3 months to <6 months; 6 months to <12 months; more than 12 months ago; don’t know; never consulted a GP

Service use/non-use (dental)

Timing of most recent dental visit

<6 months; 6 months to <12 months; 12 months to <2 years; more than 2 years ago; don’t know; never

Unmet need for GP

Any occasion when the respondent did not go to a GP when needed in the past 12 months

Yes; no; not applicable

Reasons underpinning unmet need for GP

Reasons why respondent did not go to a GP when needed in the past 12 months (respondents could select more than one)

  • Cost
  • Waiting time too long or not available at time required
  • Transport/distance
  • Not available in area
  • Discrimination
  • Service not culturally appropriate
  • Language problems
  • Dislikes (service/professional, afraid, embarrassed)
  • Felt it would be inadequate
  • Does not trust the GP
  • Too busy (including work, personal, family responsibilities)
  • Decided not to seek care
  • Other

Unmet need for dental services

Any occasion when the respondent did not attend a dental service when needed in the past 12 months

Yes; no; not applicable

Reasons underpinning unmet need for dental service

Reasons why respondent did not go to a dental service when needed in the past 12 months

Same as reasons underpinning unmet need for GP (see above)

Table 2.2: Included primary health variables and responses (non-remote only)[2]

Concept

Variable(s)

Responses

Experiences with GP(s)

In the past 12 months, how often did your GP(s):

  • listen to you
  • explain things in a way that you could understand
  • show respect for what you had to say
  • spend enough time with you
  • Always; usually; sometimes; rarely; never
  • Only asked of those aged 15 and over answering for themselves

Rating of health care received

Overall, how good was the health care you got from GPs and health services in the last 12 months?

  • Excellent; very good; good; fair; poor
  • Only asked of those aged 15 and over answering for themselves

Financial costs

Had to pay any money for seeing a:

  • GP
  • specialist
  • other health care provider[3]
  • at the most recent consultation in the past 2 weeks

Yes; no; don’t know

Unfilled prescriptions

Any times in the past 12 months when respondent had a script that did not get filled

Yes; no; don’t know

Reasons underpinning unfilled prescriptions

Reasons why prescription was not filled (respondents could select more than one)

  • Cost
  • Transport issues
  • Lost the prescription
  • Decided didn’t need it
  • Didn’t want to
  • Too busy
  • Other

Notes:

  1. Mainstream GP will be used as the term throughout this report.
  2. Costs for GPs and specialists were asked only of respondents in non-remote areas, while the costs for ‘other health professionals’ were asked of all respondents. For the sake of consistency, we have included only the results for those in non-remote areas.
  3. Costs for GPs and specialists were asked only of respondents in non-remote areas, while the costs for ‘other health professionals’ were asked of all respondents. For the sake of consistency, we have included only the results for those in non-remote areas.