High-grade cervical abnormality detection for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander participants

High-grade cervical abnormality detection is the proportion of participants screened that have a high-grade abnormality detected on histology. The detection of high-grade abnormalities is an indicator of program performance. Detection of high-grade abnormalities provides an opportunity for treatment before cancer can develop, thus the NCSP aims to detect high-grade abnormalities in line with its broader aim to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer.

High-grade cervical abnormality detection for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander participants

In 2024, there were 591 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander participants aged 25–74 with a high-grade abnormality detected on histology, which is 12.5 participants with a high-grade abnormality detected per 1,000 participants screened.

This means that, for every 1,000 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander participants screened, 13 had a high-grade abnormality detected, providing an opportunity for treatment prior to any possible progression to cervical cancer.

Detection of high-grade abnormalities among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander participants was higher than the 6.6 non-Indigenous participants with a high-grade abnormality detected per 1,000 screened (11.8 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander participants versus 7.2 non-Indigenous participants with a high-grade abnormality detected per 1,000 participants screened after adjusting for age) (Figure Indigenous people 5).

Figure Indigenous people 5: High-grade cervical abnormality detection, by Indigenous status, participants aged 25–74, 2024

This lollipop chart shows this was higher for Indigenous participants than for non-Indigenous participants.

Note: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander participants are respectfully referred to as Indigenous participants in this figure.

Source: AIHW analysis of NCSR data (NCSR RDE 11/07/2025). Data and notes for this figure are available in Table Indigenous people 8.

High-grade cervical abnormality detection trends for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander participants

Similar to the trend for all Australians, the high-grade abnormality rate for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander participants increased from 12.5 participants with a high-grade cervical abnormality detected by histology per 1,000 participants screened in 2018, to 13.6 in 2019, to 21.5 in 2020, and to 23.7 in 2021. The high-grade cervical abnormality rate then decreased to 19.9 in 2022, and to 12.5 participants with a high-grade cervical abnormality detected by histology per 1,000 participants screened in 2023 and 2024 (Figure Indigenous people 6).

Figure Indigenous people 6: High-grade cervical abnormality detection trends for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander participants, by year, participants aged 25–74, 2018 to 2024

This line chart shows this was low in 2018 and 2019, increased in 2020, 2021, and 2022, and decreased again in 2023 then remained steady in 2024.

Source: AIHW analysis of NCSR data (NCSR RDE 11/07/2025). Data and notes for this figure are available in Table Indigenous people 9.